In rapidly changing circumstances, the construction industry shows tendency to be more complicated and expanded and these changes are becoming the main factors aggravating uncertainty in straightening construction costs in the industry. The most important process in preliminary phase is calculation of appropriate construction sum and accurate estimation is required to accomplish it. Currently, local constructors draw up estimates by using the ‘per square meter’ calculation method or by applying of previous cases as they are. These methods become suppressive cause for making clear decisions by occurring errors in quantity survey in a way of data emission, replication and so on. Therefore, in this study, approximate estimation model of finishing construction shall be proposed to assist people to make prompt decisions in initial design stage. To develop this research, the existing quoting practices shall be presented and categorized by usage of space. To achieve this, information on performance, furnishings and unit price according to space definition has been collected in advance, which again enable ontology knowledge classification scheming database of space unit to be utilized and presented as knowledge information.

Recently buildings are constructed in larger and higher scales and becoming more complex. However from small to large scale buildings and on construction sites there still are fire safety accidents that occur continuously. Therefore to improve fire safety plan, examining the actual fire safety management and understanding fire risk analysis Using Fire Modeling through Computer Simulation. On this study, the permissible evacuation times were estimated for smoke fall, temperature, CO concentration, viability, etc. Fire safety management plans for fire safety were suggested.

Recently buildings are constructed in larger and higher scales and becoming more complex. Every country in the world is competing to build high-rise buildings. Korea also has and is constructing high-rise buildings, like the 123story Jamsil Lotte Super Tower. However from small to large scale buildings and on construction sites there still are fire safety accidents that occur continuously. Therefore to improve fire safety plan, examining the actual fire safety management and understanding fire risk analysis Using Fire Modeling through Computer Simulation. Fire safety management plan related fire safety cases were collected an dan analyzed for the study. Also hazard analysis of High rise Buildings under fire compared with existing fire law sand regulations.

Hakbongjongtaek(The head house of Uisong Kim family, 鶴峯宗宅), firstly built in the early 17th century, was moved to its neighboring place in the late 18th century. The man who led the relocation(移建) of the house was the eldest grandson of the family, Jong-soo, Kim. He made an overall plan and also participated in building the house. There remain four Gados(family paintings, 家圖) related to the relocation plan. This paper aims to make an analysis of these Gados, and through the analysis, to find what was the essential point of the relocation plan and how the point was represented in the paintings. The result of analysis is as follows: 1. The main focus of relocation plan was the form of Anchae(the inner house). Anchae was designed as asymmetrical form, and restricted to four kan. Only Andaechung needed to be 6 kan size for religious ceremonies. 2. For the design of Sarangchae, the displacement of large Sarangbang and small Sarangbang was an important issue. There were two ways of layout: parallel type and facing type. The latter was chosen. 3. The representation and techniques of Gado is quite concrete, in spite of differences among them. The expression of doors, windows, attic and kitchen was based on the understanding of space. Also the spatial division, which was expressed line on the grid, was based on the scaled ruler. As we've seen before, painting the relocation plan was a kind of endeavors to make the housing type as a realization of Garye. Also, we can find out that the role of the eldest grandson of the family was quite important to carry out the plan. As well as, it was meaningful to examine Sadaebu (the aristocrat of Chosun)'s perception of housing.

This study aims to clarify the architectural characteristics of three houses of Choseon Exhibition. Exposition/exhibitions were thought to be a model for the world. It shows the real status of the development, and thinking with visions at that times; therefore, exhibited house models would be a good source for what to be considered for the ideal houses of that times. Through the study, we could find out as belows. 1. The houses exhibited conserved the sitting-on-floor living style, otherwise the most proposals for house improvement suggested a chair-and-table style because of its hygienic quality and integration of the life at home and at work(school, too). 2. The spacial scheme for-family prior over for-guest was emphasized, but models at the exhibition were structured with Japanese traditional spacial program, such as Jashiki(座敷), Kyakunoma(客の間) or Tsuginoma(次の間), which were all Tatami-floored. 3. Through this exhibition, it is clarified that the architectural society in colonial Korea also tried to improve the modern housings, not only direct reception of the developed proposals. These houses was planned with the acceptance of the locality, such like Ondol, a floor heating facility which the Japanese engineer improve the efficiency. 4. Also these exhibited houses became a start to recognize a house as a product, and spurred on commercialization. As the result, we could find out that these exhibited houses accepted the modern housing proposals selectively, and that even if the exhibitions shows the advance in usual these houses were planned with the very conservative notions.

This study relates to the architectural planning principle of Gyeonghoeru pavilion, one of the major buildings in Gyeongbokgung palace. The study is concentrated on The Book of Gyeonghoeru Pavilion written by Jeong Haksun in 1865 during the reconstruction of Gyeonghoeru pavilion. The architectural planning principle of Gyeonghoeru pavilion disclosed in The Book of Gyeonghoeru Pavilion appears to be 'the method of expanding with six by six system'. 'The method of expanding with six by six system' means a way of continuously extending the number related to 6 by addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, and reflecting to architecture, having number 6 as the basic number. Number 6 means a large amount of water in East Asian philosophy, Applying 'the method of expanding with six by six system' to the architecture of Gyeonghoeru includes an intention to prevent fire in a way of a type of incantation because Korean traditional wooden buildings are we to fire. Since Gyeonghoeru is surrounded by a pond and was constructed based on the number 6 having a strength of water, it was believed that it could be safe from fire. This study compares the contents disclosed in The Book of Gyeonghoeru Pavilion with the construction of Gyeonghoeru to find out how the number 6 was applied to the overall construction of Gyeonghoeru. From the fact that the total number of km of Gyeonghoeru is 36 ($6{\times}6$), the number of pillars is 42 ($6{\times}7$), and the number of windows and doors is multiples of 6, it has been found out that the number 6 is deeply related to the overall construction of Gyeonghoeru. In addition to the fact that the construction of Gyeonghoeru can be explained by 'the method of expanding with six by six system', The Book of Gyeonghoeru Pavilion also discloses parts where Diagram of Hotu, Later Heaven Arrangement and Arrangement of 64 Hexagrams are applied. Therefrom, it has been found out that Gyeonghoeru pavilion was constructed by applying the principles of East Asian philosophy based on The Book of Changes.

This Study starts from a recognition that the architecture is based on the process demanded by substantial needs as well as pure theoretical logic system. So this study aims at proposing another point of view differentiating process and principle of architecture from pure theoretical logic system in the creative process of the Governor's Palace by analyzing drawings in chronological order. Even though the Governor's Palace had not been built because of discord between authorities of India and Le Corbusier, it is undoubtedly one of the best proposals which contains very concepts and ideas of later Le Corbusier's architectural intentions. In the first design stage, overall conception of the building was carried out in the sketches and drawings till Jan, 1954 and in the second stage, the elaboration of the project was pursued till Mar. 1995. The scheme tends to begin too large and general in character, becoming tighter and more complex under pressure from the client and adjustments required by the design process itself. For example, scale reduction, division and development of internal circulation system and applying his early 'Five Points'. So new solutions are searched by oscillating between compromise modifications and radically different solutions in contracting the first ideas. From all these, it is concluded that the early doctrine (Five Points) are adjusted and extended towards another stage by the use of restricted pilotis, the concept of fenetre en longueur transformed into a sub stricture of facade, sustained concept of le plan libre, les toits jardins extended towards concept of the urban area. And these formal intentions of the Governor's Place has been carried through other contemporary projects like Mill Owner's Association in 1954 and Villa Shodan in 1952.

Soengyo-jang has some characteristics as the most great house, the special functions, and the non-regional type of house form. And it has constructed continuously for two centuries by many owners in the different generations, It needs a special research method ; which are consist of a) comprehension of background information from documents and oral instructed materials, b) pursuit of design process through the building survey, and c) theoretical interpretation about 'collectivism'. From the results of this research, it is revealed that the architectural purpose of this house was constructing 'a great manor'. At first phase, it had been a single ordinary house, at second, it had expanded to a complex including many housing clusters, and finally became to expand its dwelling territory into whole village. Its expansion was progressed by the four collecting phases of which were building, building cluster, group of clusters, and topological setting. Main design elements operated in each of collecting phases ; they were partial element of <Ondol+Floor>, exterior spaces of <Madang>, a linear building of <Haenglang>, and a pavilion of (Hwalleajeong>. The last two elements were also powerful datum.

Near the Capital Seoul in 19th century, a special architectural form was created by the Buddhist monks who were related with Royal families. Their temples, so called 'won-dang', were constructed as supplicating places for their patrons' happiness and heavenly bliss. Among buildings of a Won-dang temple, 'Great Hall', which was accepted as a new building type, was the most important, the earliest constructed, and the biggest one. This boiling type contained the complex functions of small chaples, living rooms of monks, kitchen and dining, and pilotied pavillions. This Great Hall was located at the front of Won-dang temples, the main worship halls were at the behind. The type of Won-dang was needed for the high female who were its powerful patrons, and was oliginated from the small Buddhist temples in rural areas. And the type was able to be domiciled itself at the Capital areas because of the existing architectural fondness of the regional architects and the patrons in high class.

This study intended to explore the MC design methods of modular construction as well as the design methods of Design standards. Modular construction is generally characterized with module dimension of 3M(300mm) appearing in the form

최근의 몇몇 사례를 통해 국내에서도 플로팅 건축물의 확산 가능성에 대한 논의가 시작되고 있으나 국내에서는 아직 플로팅 건축계획과 관련되어 참고할 만한 가이드라인이나 규정이 제정된 바가 없다. 이 연구는 플로팅 건축물 상부시설에 대한 계획 지침을 구성하는 것을 목표로 하였다. 기존 국내외 지침 중 플로팅 건축물 상부시설 계획에 참조가 될 수 있는 지침을 선택하고 관련 구성 항목 및 구성 체계에 대하여 분석하였다. 이를 통해 이 연구와 직접적으로 연관된 지침 구성 항목을 추출할 수 있었다. 이렇게 추출된 항목을 유사한 내용을 중심으로 분류하여 몇 가지의 범주로 구분하고 각각의 내용을 비교 분석하였다. 이상과 같이 분석된 지침 구성 항목과 체계, 그 내용을 토대로 플로팅 건축물 상부시설에 대한 계획 지침 구성 체계를 제안하였고, 구성 항목 및 주된 규정 내용을 검토하였다.

이 연구는 플로팅 호텔의 건축계획에 대한 것으로, 관련 문헌과 인터넷 검색을 통하여, 플로팅 호텔의 개념을 살펴보고, 사례를 분석하여, 앞으로 플로팅 호텔 계획을 위한 참고자료를 제시하고자 한다. 플로팅 호텔은 수상 부유시스템을 갖는 건축물로서, 인간의 거주/휴양/업무/오락 등의 목적으로 사용되며, 자유로운 항해는 불가능하다. 연구대상 건축물들은 콰이강 뗏목 리조트가 1976년, Four Seasons Hotel은 1988년, Salt & Sill은 2008년 등의 순서로 건립되었다. 플로팅 호텔의 규모는 층과 실의 개수 등의 측면에서 다양하고, 부대시설로는 다양한 기본시설, 문화시설, 운동시설, 해양관련 시설 등이 있다. 플로팅 호텔의 건축적 특징으로는, 설비 자립화, 친환경 건축계획, 재생에너지의 활용, 복합재료 도입, 호텔을 회전을 통한 모든 객실에 동등한 경관 제공 등을 들 수 있다.