In the development of eco-friendly vehicles such as electric vehicles, weight reduction has become a very important design target. Seat weight reduction is very important in vehicle weight reduction. In this study, the energy absorption characteristics of Almag material, an alloy of aluminum and magnesium, and mild steel SAFH440, SAFH590, SAFC780, and SAFH980 were analyzed to obtain a true stress versus true strain curve that was correlated with the test. By performing the seat frame structure analysis using the obtained analysis material property, it was possible to compare the deformation between lightweight material, Almag and mild steel materials. In addition, it was confirmed that the weight reduction effect was 25.8% when applying Almag, an equivalent lightweight material that gives the same maximum deformation as SAFH980, a high-strength mild steel.

Curcumin have various health-beneficial properties in numerous studies. However, its bioavailability is low due to its limited intestinal uptake and rapid metabolism. This study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of newly developed sub-micron particle curcumin with increased water dispersibility (Theracurmin® CR-033P). Plasma curcumin levels were measured at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8 h after Theracurmin® CR-033P intake using high-performance liquid chromatography. For analyzing pharmacokinetics of Theracurmin® CR-033P, eighteen healthy subjects were recruited and received Theracurmin® CR-033P at a single oral dose containing curcumin 30 mg. Cmax was 28.14 ng/ml, and the area under the curve for 8 h was estimated to be 104.36 ng/ml. Based on the area under the plasma concentration (AUC), the bioavailability of sub-micron particle curcumin was higher 22-, 35-, 28-fold than native curcumin in men, women, and all subjects, respectively. For comparing by formulation, seven healthy subjects were recruited and received two type of treatment: (1) existing dosage form 300 mg (contained curcumin 30 mg) × 3 capsule, (2) high dosage form 300 mg (contained curcumin 90 mg) × 1 capsule + placebo 300 mg × 2 capsule. In the cross-over study, there was no significant differences in Cmax and AUC of plasma curcumin. In conclusion, submicron particle curcumin with increased water dispersibility significantly improved its oral bioavailability and women absorbed curcumin more effectively than men. Different formulation of Theracurmin® CR-033P has shown equivalent to the reference in terms of pharmacokinetics.

본 실험은 작물의 양』분 흡수율에 근거하여 배추과 엽채류 수경재배에 적합한 배양액을 개발하고자 수행되었다. 원예연구소 배양액(NSH액) 1배액을 기준으로 1/2배액, 1배액, 3/2배액으로 25일간 담액 수경재배 했을 때 청경채와 겨자채는 3/2배액, 케일은 1배액에서 생육이 좋았다. 작물의 양수분 흡수율을 산정하여 얻은 평균 양이온 비는 K 49.5%, Ca 35.8%, Mg 14.7% 였으며, 배추과 작물에 적합한 배양액 N 14, P 3, K 6.8, Ca 4.8, Mg 2m·L-1을 개발하였다 개발 배양액을 평가하기 위해 2003년 9월부터 2004년 10월까지 공시 작물을 4회 재배하였다. 개발 배양액에서 작물을 재배했을 때 빠른 상대생장률과 함께 생육이 1.1~2.5배, 비타민 C 함량은 1.06~l.52배 증가하였다. 개발 배양액에 적합한 작물로는 겨자채 'Asia curled', 'Asia redcurled' 및 'Pamagreen', 케일 'TBC', 'Portugal' 및 'Manchu collard', 잎브로콜리 'New green', 천경채, 방울다다기양배추 'Green king'와 'Red king', 홍채태, 쌈추 등으로 생육과 항산화 성분인 비타민 C함량 증가를 통해 기능성 엽채류 생산이 가능하였다.

난각칼슘을 식초에 침지하여 제조한 양조칼슘, 현미칼슘과 난각칼슘분 및 침 강성탄산칼슘을 횐쥐에 식이 후 칼슘의 혈청 중 보유량(흡수율)에 관하여 비교시험 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 이온화율이 높은 양조칼슘낀폐,통기 현미칼슘의 흡수는 경구투여 2시간 후에 최고치에 이른 것으로 나타났으며 이온화율이 낮은 난각칼슘분이나 침감성탄산칼슘은 이보다 늦은 5시간 후에 최고치에 이른 것으로 나타났다. 이는 이온화율이 높은 칼슘일 수록 흡수가 빠르게 진행되는 것으로 사료된다. 2. 횐쥐에 식이한 칼슘시료의 칼슘의 혈청 중 보유량은 현미칼슘>양조칼슘(밀폐))양조칼슘(통기))침강성탄산칼슘>난각칼슘분 순으로 낮게 나타났다. 이는 이온화율의 순과 같았다 3. 현미칼슘의 혈청중 칼슘농도가 난각칼슘분에 비하여 약 4배 높은 것으로 나타난 것으로 보아 칼슘의 혈청 중 보유량은 칼슘 섭취수준에 의한 영향보다 칼슘 이온화율과 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 사료된다. 4. 제조 조건에 따른 양조칼슘의 칼슘의 혈청 중 보유량은 밀폐조건이 통기조건에 비해 약 1.4배 높은 것으로 나타난 이유를 규명하기 위해서는 연구가 계속 진행되야 할 것으로 본다

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the tensile fracture energy absorption capacity of hybrid fiber reinforced cement composite by strain rate. Experiment result, it was confirmed that PVA suppressed the microcrack around the HSF at the strain rate 101/s, which resulted in the improvement of the pullout resistance of the HSF.

In this study, basic research was carried out to improve the absorption rate which is a problem in increasing the recycling rate of recycled fine aggregate and to improve the usability as concrete aggregate. It was confirmed that the absorption rate of the recycled aggregate measured after immersing in the microbial culture solution for the purpose of improving the absorption rate of the circulating fine aggregate for concrete was decreased. However, further studies such as improvement of microbial culture are required to satisfy KS standards.

The energy absorption capacity of ultra high performance fiber reinforced concretes (UHPFRCs) was investigated at high strain rates (45 – 92 s-1) using a strain energy frame impact machine. The UHPFRCs investigated in this study showed much higher energy absorption capacity, fracture energy, ranging 42 and 71 kJ/m2 at high strain rates than that (31 and 43 kJ/m2) at static rate. The energy absorption capacity of UHPFRC at high strain rates was strongly dependent on fiber type and fiber volume content.

The nitrogen (N) absorption and partition of the rice plants are important indicators that can be used to improve the N use efficiency (NUE) of the plants. Improving the plant NUE can help to avoid nutrient waste that may cause environmental pollution. To investigate the N absorption and partition of the rice plants, Hwaseongbyeo (Japonica) and Dasanbyeo (indica/japonica) were applied with N fertilizers at the rates of 60, 120, and 180 kg N per ha in paddy field. Also micro plots of 0.81m2 were established inside each plot for application of 15N-labeled fertilizer. The differences in N utilization of the rice plants were associated with the total N absorption and partitioning after the heading stage. In the grain filling period, the increase of nitrogen content in the total and leaf blades of Dasanbyeo was higher than that of Hwaseongbyeo. Soil N was the main contributor for the increase of total N of Dasanbyeo during the grain filling period. The N fertilizer uptake rate of Hwaseongbyeo rapidly increased with the increment of N fertilization rate. In Dasanbyeo, N fertilizer uptakes were similar under all rates and times of N application. From heading stage to harvest, Dasanbyeo continued accumulating nitrogen, whereas Hwaseongbyeo had small changes. In conclusion, the difference in nitrogen absorption and partition after heading of the two cultivars was caused by the ability of Dasanbyeo to accumulate and remobilize soil nitrogen to the grains during the grain filling period.

쌀알의 알칼리붕괴도와 호화온도 및 수분흡수율간의 관계를 밝히기 위하여 50품종의 쌀을 이용하여 4농도의 알칼리용액에서 쌀알의 붕괴반응을 조사하였으며 알칼리붕괴반응에 근거하여 선발한 24품종에 대하여는 알칼리용액에서의 침지시간에 따른 쌀알의 붕괴정도, 가열온도 및 시간에 따른 쌀알의 완전호화율 그리고 21℃ 및 77℃ 의 물에 쌀을 침지했을 때의 흡수율 등을 조사하였다. 1. 자포니카형 및 통일형품종들의 알칼리붕괴도의 차이는 KOH 1.2%농도에서 가장 확실히 나타났지만 각 품종의 알칼리붕괴반응을 정확히 알기위해서는 KOH 1.2% 및 1.4%에서 쌀알의 붕괴도를 검정하는 것이 좋았다. 2. 4개수준의 알칼리농도에서 조사한 붕괴도에 근거하여 공시품종을 3품종군으로 나눌 수 있었는데 알칼리용액에 쌀알을 침지한 후 경과시간에 따른 붕괴반응에도 품종간 차이가 있었다. 3. 알칼리 붕괴반응이 크게 다른 품종군간에는 가열온도 및 시간에 따른 호화립비율의 차이가 분명하여 알칼리붕괴도가 낮은 품종의 쌀이 높은 쌀에 비하여 완전호화에 필요한 온도가 높았고 호화소요시간도 길었으나 동일한 품종군내에서도 품종간 차이가 있었다. 4. 알칼리붕괴도가 아주 낮았던 품종군의 쌀은 알칼리붕괴도가 중간 또는 높은 품종군에 비하여 상온(21℃ ) 및 가열(77℃ )흡수율이 아주 낮았고 알칼리붕괴도가 중간인 품종군은 높은 품종군에 비하여 상온에서의 초기 수분흡수속도가 느렸다.