In the rapidly changing online shopping environment, resulting from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, companies are implementing sales promotions, such as offering various discount coupons, to increase consumers' product purchase volume. They are also attracting consumers through low-price appeals, with the expectation of improving sales. However, sales promotions issued by companies have numerous usage conditions, and consumers need to make appropriate efforts to meet the stated conditions. Previous research on promotions and consumer behavior has primarily focused on analyzing monetary promotions (such as full discounts) or non-monetary promotions (such as reward points) individually, with little attention paid to a comparative analysis of the two. Additionally, the type of promoted product can impact consumer behavior.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the mediating effect of trust when a media broadcaster (such as a disc jockey [DJ]) acting as an information source and the content they provide during live commerce streaming affect acceptance intention. Live commerce is increasing rapidly, offering a new fashion distribution channel by supplementing possible shortcomings of existing online shopping. Data was collected for the empirical study from female consumers in their 20s who actively accepted fashion technology. Statistical analysis of the data was conducted using IBM SPSS Macro Process 3.5. First, the reliability and validity of the variables for information source characteristics, content informativeness, trust, and acceptance intention were verified, and each variable was confirmed as a single factor. Bootstrap analysis was performed using Macro Process Model 4 to reveal the effects of information source characteristics and content informativeness on acceptance intention. As a result of analyzing the mediating effect for each path model with trust as a parameter, it was found that both the direct and indirect effects of the mediating path were significant. This result means that the characteristics of information sources and content informativeness are partially mediated by trust. Therefore, to promote consumer behavior in a live commerce shopping environment, it is necessary to enhance trust. This can be achieved by a media broadcaster with fashion expertise to increase the perception of the attractiveness of the information source and to improve the usefulness of the fashion information being delivered.

지리산국립공원 내 자생하는 아고산대 침엽수(구상나무 등)의 주요 분포지를 대상으로 약 10년 전･후의 고해상도 항공영상을 활용해 고사목 증가량, 확산패턴 등을 분석하고자 하였다. 나아가 침엽수 고사목이 위치한 지점의 해발고도, 지형정보, 일사량, 수분환경 등을 분석하여 고사에 영향을 미칠 것으로 판단되는 입지요인을 파악하였다. 지리산국립공원 반야봉, 영신봉, 천왕봉 지역 모두 최근 10여 년간 아고산대 침엽수 고사목 개체수가 2~5배 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 반야봉은 약 2배, 영신봉은 약 3.9배, 천왕봉은 약 5.2배 증가한 것으로 나타나 천왕봉 지역의 증가세가 비교적 빠른 것으로 확인되었다. 높은 경사도로 토양수분함량이 낮고, 남향에 위치하여 높은 일사량으로 증발산량이 많은 건조 환경, 이에 더해 태양광에 의한 강한 일사량 및 강우의 체류시간이 짧아 토양이 건조할 것으로 추정되는 입지환경에 고사목이 주로 분포하는 것으로 판단된다. 즉, 건조한 입지환경에서 아고산대 침엽수 고사가 집중되고 있는 것으로 판단되며, 10여 년 전과 비교해도 동일한 경향이 이어지고 있는 것으로 판단된다.

오늘날 새로운 지도 제작 기술을 도입하여 저비용으로 개인 용도에 맞는 촉지도를 제작할 수 있는 지도 제작 방식에 대한 연구가 증가하고 있다. 이 연구에서는 지도와 점역에 대한 지식이 없는 일반인이 촉지도를 제작할 수 있는 촉지도 자동제작 시스템의 구현 방안을 제안한다. 촉지도 자동 제작 시스템은 연속수치지도 기반의 지리정보 데이터베이스를 활용하여 지도용 자료를 구축한다. 그리고 촉지도 자동 제작 시스템은 촉지도 디자인 기능을 웹 환경에서 제공하는데, 지도 요소 및 지도 기호 디자인 규칙은 국내의 점자지도 제작규정을 준수한다. 마지막으로, 촉지도 자동 제작 시스템은 빠르고 쉽게 촉지도를 인쇄할 수 있는 장비를 채택하여 지도 제작자가 소량의 개인용 촉지도를 제작할 수 있도록 지원한다. 온라인 지도 서비스 기반의 지도 제작 방식이 개인용 지도 제작의 확산에 기여한 것처럼, 촉지도 자동 제작 시스템은 개인용 촉지도 제작에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대할 수 있다.

This paper suggests a visual debugging plaftorm based on the game engine, Unity3D for massive parallel processing routines implemented in CUDA. In general, it is tiresome to debug or check the accuracy of numerical geometry information results calculated in a parallel way by GPU; usually, developers would pick and check each numerical value by rummaging overwhelming lines of seemingly meaningless numbers. This manual process is less productive and time-consuming. Also, it is not easy to produce some continuous movements of geometry information to check the validity of implemented CUDA codes for realtime geometry processing applications. To solve those problems, this paper presents a way to use Unity3D game engine to visually and interactively debug CUDA implementations. Also, some practical test results are presented with discussions on limitations of Unity3D as a CUDA debugging platform.

Internet of Thing(IoT), which is recently talked about with the development of information and communication technology, provides big data to all nodes such as companies and homes, means of transportation etc. by connecting all things with all people through the integrated global network and connecting all actual aspects of economic and social life with Internet of Thing through sensor and software. Defining Internet of Thing, it plays the role of a connector of providing various information required for the decision-making of companies in the cloud computing environment for the Insight usage by collecting and storing Raw Data of the production site through the sensor network and extracting big data in which data is accumulated and Insight through this. In addition, as the industry showing the largest linkage with other root industries among root industries, the mold industry is the core technology for controlling the quality and performance of the final product and realizing the commercialization of new industry such as new growth power industry etc. Recently, awareness on the mold industry is changing from the structure of being labor-intensive, relying on the experience of production workers and repeating modification without the concept of cost to technology-intensive, digitization, high intellectualization due to technology combination according to IT convergence. This study, therefore, is to provide a golden opportunity to increase the direct and indirect expected effects in poor management activities of small businesses by actually implementing and managing the entire process of mold life cycle to information system from mold planning to mass production and preservation by building SME(small and medium-sized enterprises)-type mold life cycle management information system in the cloud computing environment and applying it to the production site.

This research extends the seminal work on the role of haptic (touch) information for consumers’ purchase decisions in both online and store shopping settings. Especially, this research focuses on which information consumers rely on as substitutes for haptic information when they cannot touch products at online shopping. A conceptual model is developed to investigate and compare the relative importance of touch, brand, virtual word-of-mouth, and product design. The proposed model is tested with the data collected from 380 consumers in an Asian country (Japan). The empirical results on two product categories (leather bags and smart phone cases) suggest that 1) consumers rely on other information than touch for online shopping, 2) the priority of substitute information differs depending on product categories, and 3) the priority also changes between online and store shopping for the same product category.

본 연구에서는 인터넷 환경의 변화에 맞추어 참여형 GIS의 구성방안을 탐색하였다. 본 연구의 주요 내용을 정리하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 인터넷 환경의 변화에 따른 참여형 GIS의 발전과정을 살펴보았다. 1990년대 PPGIS로 시작된 관리자 중심의 참여형 GIS는 Web 2.0 환경에서 자발적인 지리정보로서 참여형 지리정보(Volunteered Geographic Information)로 발전하였으며, 최근에는 공간정보 빅데이터를 구성하는 사용자 중심적인 참여가 강조되고 있다. 둘째, 참여형 GIS의 사례로서 복지분야의 자원봉사네트워크에 대한 참여형 복지 GIS 모델의 구성방안을 제안하였다. 복지 GIS는 자발적 참여가 중심이 되기 때문에 참여형 GIS를 적용하기에 적합한 분야이다.

The Location Based Services (LBS) comprise spatial information and mobile technology allow users to receive various services based on Global Positioning Systems (GPS). Although, spatial information based services are very useful, it has lots of possibility to damage privacy protection. But the contents of the legislation by government have problems conflicted between protection of a person's location information and invigoration LBS. Therefore, in this study suggest a causal model to deal with user satisfaction and factors affecting spatial information based services to customer perspective. The proposed research model is tested empirically with one hundred and forty one usable questionnaires and partial least square (PLS) method. Experimental results showed that the usefulness, playfulness, and service quality play a prominent role in influencing the spatial information services satisfaction compared to other factors. But, easy of use and perceived risk are not significant.

The Location Based Services (LBS) comprise spatial information and mobile technology allow users to receive various services based on Global Positioning Systems (GPS). Although, spatial information based services are very useful, it has lots of possibility to damage privacy protection. But the contents of the legislation by government have problems conflicted between protection of a person's location information and invigoration LBS. Therefore, in this study suggest a causal model to deal with user satisfaction and factors affecting spatial information based services to customer perspective. The proposed research model is tested empirically with one hundred and forty one usable questionnaires and partial least square (PLS) method. Experimental results showed that the usefulness, playfulness, and service quality play a prominent role in influencing the spatial information services satisfaction compared to other factors. But, easy of use and perceived risk are not significant.

This study presents the design of integrated safety, quality, and environmental information system based on the internet environment. Quality management system, environmental management system, and safety management system are adapted in many manufacturing and service organization respectively but those system does not work effectively. Especially safety management system and environmental management system are very similar with format and contents. Therefore, Those system must be integrated to increase effiency.

최근 개발의 압력을 받고 있는 충청북도 영동 민주지산을 대상으로 산림의 질을 평가하고 관리대상을 제시하고자 73개 조사구를 설정하여 조사를 실시하였다. 분석을 위해 27개의 식생과 지리정보변수를 마련하였다. 자료의 양을 줄이기 위해 ordination 기법과 요인분석을 사용하여 변수를 축소시켰다. 식생을 분석한 결과 다섯 개의 군집으로 분류되었으며, 이는 DCA에서도 비슷한 경향을 나타내었다. 요인분석에서는 13개의 변수가 5개가 요인으로 압축되었는데, 요인 1은 수종의 풍부도, 요인 2는 건중량, 요인 3은 밀도, 요인 4는 임령 그리고 요인 5는 지리적 특성으로 나뉘어졌다. 천이상황를 예측하는 모형은 다중회귀로 표현되었고, 주요 변수로는 유기물의 깊이, Shannon의 종다양도 그리고 흉고직경이 사용되었다. 그리고 GIS를 이용한 산림관리의 의사결정과정을 도출하였다.

In this paper, we implemented a safety navigation mobile application that converged AtoN information and location-based services. When application user uses the smartphone’s GPS sensor to transmit the user’s vessel location data to the data server, the user receives information of which its providing range is considered, such as stored AtoN data, neighboring vessels information, danger area, and weather information in the server. Providing information is sorted based on the smartphone’s direction and inclination and it will be also delivered via wireless network (5G, LTE, 3G, WiFi). Additionally the application is available to implement other functions such as information provision through voice and text alarming service when the user’s vessel is either approaching or entering the danger area, and an expanded information provision service that is available in shadow area linking with data-storing methods; other linkable data such as weather and other neighboring vessels will be applied based on the lasted-saved data perceived from the non-shadow area.

In the Korean capital market, there are three credit rating agencies. Potential credit ratings based on credibility in the financial market are calculated independently for each rating agency. It often happens that despite the fact that the grades of the rating agencies are the same and have the same rating system, their actual ratings are different, even for the same firm. In such circumstances, investors may wonder why. In this study, we assume that the cause is the information environment in which the company operates. The credit ratings of rating agencies are mainly classified into bonds or commercial papers. The bonds are rated primarily for long-term of three years or more, and commercial papers specify ratings for less than one year. The information environment to be verified in this study was observed with a commercial paper. Under the assumption the larger the analyst following is, the more transparent is the information environment, we analyzed the influence of the number of analysts following on the degree to which ratings conflicted among credit rating agencies. The results of our analysis confirmed that opinion conflict among credit rating agencies is clearly reduced for companies with good information environments.

GLOBALG.A.P는 FV 기준 총 234개의 체크리스트를 가진 표준 체계이다. 많은 항목에 대한 체계적 관리를 위하여 단체 또는 농가가 쉽게 접근할 수 있는 방법으로 체크리스트가 재 구성되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 관점에서 GLOBALG.A.P의 기준을 Fig. 4처럼 5개의 상위 수준 그룹과 각각에 대한 하위 그룹으로 재조정하였다. 이는 체크리스트를 궁극적으로 사용하는 기관의 관점으로 재조정한 모델인 것으로 다음과 같은 구조로 구성된다 : 기관관리(6개 하위 그룹), 농가관리(5개 하위 그룹), 분석평가(4개 하위 그룹), 생산관리(6개 하위 그룹), 유통관리(5개 하위 그룹). 또한 3종의 외부 연계 시스템과 연계되어 운영될 수 있게 하였으며, 농가나 단체가 본 시스템에서 요구하는 기준으로 등록을 한다면 GLOBAL G.A.P의 체크리스트를 전부 만족할 수 있다는 것을 의미한다. 그러나 각 항목 내용에 대한 진실성은 본 시스템에서 관여하지 않는다. 개발하는 시스템으로 아직 본 시스템을 통하여 실제적으로 인증 받은 기관은 현재 없지만 시스템의 안정성과 활용성, 그리고 미비사항을 보완하기 위하여 제주하귀농업협동조합(감귤, 고문남 농가와 조매선 농가)과 경남 가야농업협동조합(파프리카, 전명권 농가, 영남영농조합법인 농가) 등 2개 단체에 대하여 테스트베드를 운영하였다. 현재 FV 기준으로 마련된 본 시스템은 타 작물로 확대되어야 하며, 장기적으로 모든 농가와 단체에서 사용하여 농가나 단체가 별도의 문서 관리 없이 본 시스템으로 대처하여 쉽게 인증 관리를 할 수 있을 것을 기대한다.