To investigate the industrial availability of liquid fermentation (PL-ferment) by Phellinus linteus mycelium as a postbiotics for the inhibition of inflammation, PL-ferment was fractionated into culture supernatant (CS), hot-water extract (HW) from PL-ferment, EtOH-precipitate (CP) fractionated from HW, and the dialysate (DCP) of CP. Compared to the other fractions, DCP which is expected to contain exopolysaccharide (EPS) as the major component, significantly decreased the production of NO, IL-6, and MCP-1 in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells, and IL-6 and IL-8 in TNF-α and IFN-γ-induced HaCaT cells. The general component analysis results showed that no significant difference in components was observed between the fractions, whereas sugar composition analysis revealed that DCP had decreased glucose and increased mannose contents compared to the other fractions. This suggests that mannose played an important role in the anti-inflammatory activity of the active fraction, DCP. Molecular weight distribution analysis revealed that DCP was mainly composed of low-molecular-weight material-removed high-molecular-weight polysaccharides of 18–638 kDa, suggesting that EPS originated from P. linteus EPS. In conclusion, our results suggest that the DCP of P. linteus mycelium fermentation using the anti-inflammatory activity could be used industrially as postbiotic material.

In this study, we investigated the quality characteristics and optimum conditions of porridge containing rice incubated with Phellinus linteus mycelium (PLMR). Composition measurements of PLMR were moisture 13.05%, ash 0.88%, carbohydrate 78.65%, crude protein 6.29%, and crude lipid 1.13%, also glutinous rice composition was moisture 13.99%, ash 0.32%, carbohydrate 77.18%, crude protein 7.85%, and crude lipid 0.66%. The water absorption rate of PLMR increased with increasing soaking time during 6 hours. However, the water absorption rate of glutinous rice increased until 30 minutes of soaking time. The pH of porridge was decreased as PLMR contents increased. The viscosity of porridge was increased as PLMR contents increased, and it was the lowest for the control at 914.77 cP. However, spreadability of porridge was decreased as PLMR contents increased. In terms of color, lightness was the highest for the 50% level, redness was the highest for the 75% level, and yellowness was the highest for the 25% level. In terms of textural characteristics, hardness and fracturability were increased as PLMR contents increased, whereas springiness, cohesiveness and resilience showed reverse results. In terms of consumer acceptance, flavor, appearance, viscosity, delicate taste, and overall acceptability were not significantly different between samples. Hot taste was decreased as PLMR contents increased, whereas grittiness showed reverse results. In conclusion, the results indicate that adding 25~50% PLMR to porridge is optimal for a recipe.

소나무 비늘버섯과(Hymenochaetaceas) 진흙버섯속(Phellinus)에 속하는 상황버섯(Phellinus linteus)은 백색부후균으로서 항암력이 매우 우수한 버섯으로 알려져 있으며, 국내에서는 원목을 이용한 인공재배가 이루어 지고 있으나 자실체 생산에 수년이 소요되고 가격이 높다. 상황버섯은 소화기 계통의 위암, 식도암, 십이지장암 및 직장암 등에 대한 면역기능을 나타내며, 장출혈, 자궁출혈, 오장기능 활성화 및 해독작용을 한다고 알려져 있다. 최근 균사체 생산 기법이 발달하여 대량의 균사체 확보가 가능하고, 균사체도 자실체와 같은 기능을 가지고 있다고 알려져 있다. 유산균 중 세포노화 억제 및 기억능력 향상에 효과가 있다고 알려진 Bifidobacterium bifidum과 우리나라 고유의 전통 발효 식품인 김치에서 분리한 Lactobacillus sakei를 단계적으로 적용하여 상황 균사체 배양액을 발효시킴으로써 시너지 효과를 내어 노인건강에 도움을 줄 수 있는 프로바이오틱스 식품소재를 개발하고자 유산균 발효물의 β-glucan을 비롯한 생리활성 성분을 분석하였다. 상황균사체 배양액을 이용한 유산발효물의 β-glucan함량을 측정한 결과 1차 발효물과 2차 발효물에서 0.97%로 같은 함량을 나타냈으며, ergothioneine의 함량은 1차 발효물에서 3.08 mg%, 2차 발효물에서 3.67 mg%로 증가하였다. 폴리페놀 함량을 측정한 결과 1차 발효물에서는 27.69 mg%, 2차 발효물에서는 18.01 mg%로 1차 발효물이 2차 발효물 보다 높게 나타났다. DPPH free radical 소거활성을 측정한 결과 IC50 값이 1차 발효물은 6.88 mg/mL로 나타났으며, 2차 발효물에서는 4.17 mg/mL로 나타났다.

We examined the effects of biological activity Phellinus linteus mycelium culture with cassiae semen extract. Firstly, the optimal temperature, initial pH and culture period for mycelial growth in a liquid culture of P. linteus were determined, and they were 30℃, pH 5.0 and 8 days respectively. The five herbal materials were examined against several health functional efficacies, and, as a result, Cassiae semen was chosen, with its superior inhibitory effects in β-glucuronidase inhibitory activity, electron donating activity, ACE inhibitory, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities(95.3%, 80.9%, 96.1 and 24.2%, respectively). P. linteus fruit body was investigated on β-glucuronidase inhibitory activity, electron donating activity, ACE inhibitory, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities, and they were 54.7%, 81.9%, 30.0% and 20.1%, respectively. Accordingly, C. semen was used in the following experiment, to give an additive functional effect on the P. linteus. As the amount of C. semen in the cultural media increased, mycelial weight and β-glucan contents also increased, but final pH was not influenced. In addition, the β-glucuronidase inhibitory activity, electron donating activity, and α- glucosidase inhibitory activity increased. P. linteus mycelium culture showed higher activities in the other three tests above, except for electron donating activity, when C. semen was added to the medium before cultivation.

This study identified and compared the volatile flavor components of two commercial rice wines: one fermented using the mycelium of Phellinus linteus and a regular commercial rice wine. The volatile flavor components were isolated from the infusions by Porapak Q (50-80 mesh) column adsorption. The concentrated aroma extracts were then analyzed and identified by GC and GC-MS. Thirty-four kinds of flavor components were identified in the mycelium-fermented rice wine, including 11 alcohols, 8 esters, 3 ketones, 6 acids, 3 hydrocarbones, and 4 others. In the regular commercial rice wine, 36 kindss of flavor compounds were identified, including 9 alcohols, 6 esters, 4 ketones, 6 acids, 9 hydrocarbones, and 2 others. Therefore, the data indicate that the primary flavor components in the rice wines were alcohols and esters.

본 연구에서는 추출 방법에 따른 상지에 배양한 상황버섯 균사체 추출물의 항산화 활성을 확인하고자 열수추출, 초음파추출 및 가압추출 방법을 이용하여 항산화 활성 및 tyrosinase 저해활성을 조사하였다. 추출 수율은 가압추출, 초음파추출, 열수추출 순으로 높은 수율을 나타내었으며, 총 페놀함량 및 총 플라보노이드함량은 가압추출에서 100g 당 각각 9.87 g 및 1.90 g으로 높은 함량을 나타내었다. ORAC은 가압추출에서 g당 769.63 μM로 가장 높은 값을 나타내었으며, DPPH 및 ABTS radical 소거활성은 가압추출 1,000 μg/mL에서 각각 35.85% 및 51.42%로 높은 활성을 나타내었다. Superoxide radical 소거활성은 가압추출 100~500 μg/mL에서 29.16~93.89%로 높은 활성을 나타내었다. FRAP 및 환원력은 가압추출 100∼1,000 μg/mL에서 180.60∼607.93 μM 및 0.14∼0.51로 나타나 모든 항산화 활성 분석에서 가압추출이 가장 높은 항산화 활성을 나타내었다. Tyrosinase 저해활성은 가압추출 100∼1,000 μg/mL에서 9.66∼24.05%로 유의적으로 우수한 활성을 나타내었으며 시료 농도에 따라 농도의존적으로 증가하였다. 따라서 상황버섯 균사체 추출에 있어 항산화 활성을 나타내는 유용성분의 효율적인 추출에 가압추출 공정이 적합하다 판단되었다.