This study examined consumer perceptions and market trends of Korean food products sold on Amazon, focusing on keyword and review analysis. As Korean cuisine gains global attention, particularly in the U.S., it is essential to understand how international consumers perceive these products. Data were collected from Amazon, encompassing product details and customer reviews of Korean food categories. Frequently mentioned keywords in the reviews were identified, and customer sentiments were explored using Python-based data analysis. The results suggest that taste, especially spiciness and sweetness, is a key determinant of consumer satisfaction. Although Korean food was generally well-received, packaging and delivery issues were common complaints. These findings provide strategic insights for Korean food manufacturers aiming to expand globally, emphasizing the need for tailored product development and enhanced logistics.

As digital transformation accelerates, platform business has become a core business model in modern society. Platform business has a network effect where the winner takes all. For this reason, it is crucial for a company's pricing policy to attract as many customers as possible in the early stages of business. Telecommunication service companies are experiencing stagnant growth due to the saturation of the smartphone market and intensifying competition in rates, but the burden of maintaining communication networks is increasing due to the rapid increase in traffic caused by domestic and foreign CSPs. This study aims to understand the dynamic characteristics of the telecommunications market by focusing on pricing policy. To this end, we analyzed how ISPs, CSPs, and consumers react to changes in pricing policy based on the prisoner's dilemma theory. The analysis of the dynamic characteristics of the market was conducted through simulation using the Agent-Based Model.

Although concerns about overheating of the franchise industry's market structure continue to be raised, there are few studies that analyze the market structure of the franchise industry and suggest practical use. Most existing studies mainly analyze the market structure of other industries using industrial concentration(HHI) as an indicator of market competition intensity from the perspective of industrial organization theory. This study seeks to present a market structure analysis method that is different from existing methods. Considering practical application, this study presented a method to analyze the market structure that combines industry concentration(HHI) analysis and matrix analysis of the franchise industry. First, the industry concentration(HHI) and operating profit ratio(SMR) of 15 major industries in the franchise industry were analyzed in a time series manner (2014-2019). Second, using industrial concentration and operating profit ratio(SMR) as two variables on the x-axis and y-axis, a two-stage matrix analysis was used to understand the market structure characteristics of 15 industries at a glance. Third, a method of utilizing the matrix analysis results for practical decision-making was presented.

This study was conducted to determine the efficiency of the distribution process of the abalone industry, that is, whether there is market dominance. In addition, it was intended to find out whether there is an asymmetric price transfer phenomenon between the distribution stage of the abalone industry. The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, the asymmetric price transition effect on the abalone price between producer and wholesale market was found to be positive. It means that the distribution structure is incomplete between the producer and the wholesale market and the abalone market is operating inefficiently. Second, as a result of estimating the market power between the producer and the wholesale market, the market power coefficient between the producer and the Hanam wholesale market, and the producer and the Incheon wholesale market were 0.0618 and 0.0735. Summarizing the analysis results, the abalone market has an asymmetric price transition between producer and wholesale markets, but the market dominance coefficient is relatively low. These results suggest that the asymmetry of price transition is mainly caused by market dominance, but can also be caused by other factors such as information asymmetry. In the future, in addition to the market dominance of the abalone market, it is judged that research on factors related to the asymmetry of price transition is necessary.

The economy of Tanzania relies on agriculture as the main economic activity, because agriculture provides both food and income to the population of the country, especially the rural households. Improvement of market access to crops also increases the productivity. Therefore, in this study, descriptive statistics and statistical analysis of the probit model were used to analyze the factors that determine the market accessibility of small-scale farmers in Chemba, Tanzania. Cross-sectional data collected by the systematic sampling method for 200 corn peasants in Chemba, Tanzania were used. As a result of probit regression analysis, it was found that access to improved seeds and technology had a positive statistically significant effect on the accessibility to the market, while the age of the head of the household, production cost, distance to the market, and household size had a negative statistically significant effect. Therefore, in this study, policy establishment and implementation are recommended. A policy needs to be considered to reduce the transaction costs that eventually allows the farmers to increase the accessibility to markets, enables small-scale farmers to participate in cooperatives, lowers input costs and provides educational programs on quality products to increase their competitiveness in the marketplace.

A turbo engine is used to improve engine volumetric efficiency by using the energy of exhaust gas with a device such as a turbocharger. Recently, it has been attracting attention as a solution for responding to environmental issues such as exhaust gas regulation, and its use is being expanded to gasoline and CNG engines as well as diesel engines. However, as electric and hydrogen vehicles enter the automotive market more rapidly, traditional turbo engines also confront many challenges. In this paper, to examine the current status and prospects of the turbo engine, we analyze the related patents in the turbo engine field applied to patent offices in seven major countries, including Korea, USA, China, Japan, Germany, France, and the European Union Patent Office, and analyze the patent application trend. Using ‘the pie’ system of Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI), family patents were refined, patent application trends were diagnosed, and the technology and market competitiveness of major applicants were compared and analyzed. Even within the turbo engine market, where traditional automakers and turbocharger manufacturer participate, it was possible to examine the dynamic changes in the market through the analysis of technology and market competitiveness. The main companies leading the technology and market aspects and the companies specialized in the technology and market aspects were observed.

Gut contents analysis is essential to predict the impact of organisms on food source changes due to variations of the habitat environment. Previous studies of gut content analysis have been conducted using traditional methods, such as visual observation. However, these studies are limited in analyzing food sources because of the digestive process in gut organ. DNA metabarcoding analysis is a useful method to analyze food sources by supplementing these limitations. We sampled marine fish of Pennahia argentata, Larimichthys polyactis, Crangon affinis, Loligo beka and Sepia officinalis from Gwangyang Bay and Yeosu fisheries market for analyzing gut contents by applying DNA metabarcoding analysis. 18S rRNA v9 primer was used for analyzing food source by DNA metabarcoding. Network and two-way clustering analyses characterized the relationship between organisms and food sources. As a result of comparing metabarcoding of gut contents for P. argentata between sampled from Gwangyang Bay and the fisheries market, fish and Copepoda were analyzed as common food sources. In addition, Decapoda and Copepoda were analyzed as common food sources for L. polyactis and C. affinis, respectively. Copepoda was analyzed as the primary food source for L. beka and S. officinalis. These study results demonstrated that gut contents analysis using DNA metabarcoding reflects diverse and detailed information of biological food sources in the aquatic environment. In addition, it will be possible to provide biological information in the gut to identify key food sources by applying it to the research on the food web in the ecosystem.

A non-pneumatic tire (NPT), unlike a pneumatic tire, is a tire that acts as air pressure with spokes, and has the advantage of not requiring maintenance of air pressure and the risk of puncture of the pneumatic tire. Recently, many technological advances are taking place in non-pneumatic tire (NPT) using artificial intelligence technology, and non-pneumatic tire manufacturers are actively conducting research and development. Here, in order to compare and analyze the technological competitiveness of major patent applicants, non-pneumatic tire-related patents that have been applied for Japan, the United States, China, Korea, Germany, France, and the European Union Patent Office are reviewed through the patent applications of global tire manufacturers.

이 논문은 21세기 들어 세계 와인산업에서 급성장하고 있는 중국의 수입 와인 시장에 대한 현황을 분석함을 목적으로 하고 있다. 중국은 2020년 현재 와인 소비량 세계 5위, 포도재배 면적 2위, 와인 생산량 10위의 거대한 와인 시장을 형성하고 있다. 중국의 와인 시장은 특히 지속적인 경제성장으로 빠르게 확대되고 있어 정체된 세계 와인산업에 있어 현재뿐만 아니라 미래에도 가장 매력적인 시장 중의 하나이다. 그러므로 이 논문에서는 우선 세계의 와인 현황을 포도재배 면적, 와인 생산량, 와인 수출, 와인 수입, 와인 소비량을 중심으로 살펴보고, 그 다음으로 중국의 수입 와인 시장의 현황을 중국 와인 시장의 발전, 수입 와인 시장의 발전 과정과 발전 요인, 수입 와인의 현황, 수입 와인 원산지 국가별 현황으로 나누어 분석하였다.

Managers in an attempt to provide their companies a greater growth opportunities are taking their products and brands to an international level (Ghantous, Iii, 2008). When internationalizing, the product’s quality, reputation and other characteristics can be determined by its origins, as consumers tend to hold stereotyped images of products made in different countries. Hence, the country of origin (COO) constitutes an important extrinsic cue that consumers use to evaluate foreign products which they are not familiar with it (Okechuku, 1994; WTO, 2018). The COO impacts directly consumers’ evaluation process and indirectly consumers’ purchase process (Saran, Gupta, 2012). This phenomenon was first studied by Schooler (1965), and it is said to be "one of the widest research concepts in all the international business, consumer behavior, and marketing literature" combined (Pharr, 2005).

이 연구의 주된 목적은 중소도시 내부 인구이동의 패턴을 주택 시장의 특성과 연관 지어 분석하는 것이다. 전국 시･군 단위의 인구이동을 살펴본 결과 지역 중심지에 해당하는 도시들은 시･군의 경계를 넘지 않는 내부이동 비중이 상대적으로 높게 나타나고 있다. 이 도시들은 아파트 비율이 높을 뿐만 아니라 인구이동 사유에서 주택 요인이 차지하는 비중이 높은 특징을 가지고 있다. 내부이동의 비중이 높은 강릉시를 사례 지역으로 하여 내부이동의 공간 패턴을 주택 시장에 초점을 두어 분석하였다. 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 강릉시는 2014년 이후 신축 아파트 공급이 크게 늘어나면서 인구의 내부이동 비중이 더 높아졌는데, 이 과정에서 아파트 공급이 집중된 곳은 높은 양의 순이동을 기록한 반면 기존의 인구중심지는 큰 음의 순이동을 나타냈다. 둘째, 내부이동에 대한 OD 분석 결과 아파트 공급지로의 지배적 흐름이 강릉시 전역에서 광범위하게 나타났으며, 그 하위에는 인구 유출이 많았던 기존 중심지로 유입되는 소규모의 흐름이 관찰되었다. 셋째, 주택가격과 내부이동 간의 연관성을 살펴보면 전출지에 비해 주택가격이 더 비싼 곳으로 이동하는 경향이 훨씬 강하게 나타났다. 이 연구는 거의 주목받지 못한 중소도시 내부이동을 다루고 있을 뿐만 아니라 그 특성이 수도권 혹은 대도시에서의 이동과는 이질적일 수 있음을 밝히고 있다는 점에서 시사하는 바가 크다.

Google Trends is a useful tool not only for setting search periods, but also for providing search volume to specific countries, regions, and cities. Extant research showed that the big data from Google Trends could be used for an on-line market analysis of opinion sensitive products instead of an on-site survey. This study investigated the market share of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) inhibitor, which is in a great demand pharmaceutical product, based on big data analysis provided by Google Trends. In this case study, the consumer interest data from Google Trends were compared to the actual product sales of Top 3 TNF-α inhibitors (Enbrel, Remicade, and Humira). A correlation analysis and relative gap were analyzed by statistical analysis between sales-based market share and interest-based market share. Besides, in the country-specific analysis, three major countries (USA, Germany, and France) were selected for market share analysis for Top 3 TNF-α inhibitors. As a result, significant correlation and similarity were identified by data analysis. In the case of Remicade’s biosimilars, the consumer interest in two biosimilar products (Inflectra and Renflexis) increased after the FDA approval. The analytical data showed that Google Trends is a powerful tool for market share estimation for biosimilars. This study is the first investigation in market share analysis for pharmaceutical products using Google Trends big data, and it shows that global and regional market share analysis and estimation are applicable for the interest-sensitive products.

The current study investigates how retailers deal with sustainability issues in different market fields with a specific focus on fashion industry. This work examines the last ten years of the scientific literature on sustainable retailing (SR), through a systematic literature review. 215 papers selected from the EBSCO database are analyzed, in order to develop an overview on the state of the art of research on SR. A comprehensive framework for a holistic definition of SR and for retailers’ practices related to sustainability is outlined. Future research directions on SR are provided.

국제적으로 신품종과 품종 육성자의 권리가 지적 재산권으로 보호됨에 따라 화훼작물의 경우 국내 민간종묘에서 품종 개발이 거의 이루어지지 않아 농촌진흥청 원예시험장(구 국립 원예특작과학원) 화훼과에서 1992년부터 본격적으로 품종육성 연구가 시작되었다. 2017년 재배면적 44ha, 판매액 93.6억원 인 주요 난류의 하나인 심비디움은 다른 화종에 비해 육종년 한이 길어 2002년에 ‘뷰티프린세스’ 등 4품종이 육성된 후 2017년까지 51품종이 육성되었고, 농촌진흥청 연구비 지원으로 지산영농조합법인에서도 ‘핑크레이스’ 등 26품종이 육성된 바 있다. 이렇게 개발된 품종은 농가에 보급되어 분화나 절화 로 유통되고 있어 최근에는 국산 품종에 대한 재배농가의 인지도가 높아지고 있다. 2009년부터 2017년까지 aT화훼공판장 에서 거래되고 있는 국산 심비디움 품종들의 분화 거래내역을 조사한 결과, 농촌진흥청 개발 51품종 중 21품종이 지산영농 조합 개발 26품종 중 7품종이 1년에서 5년동안 거래된 것을 확인하였다. 국산 품종 거래 수는 2010년과 2015년을 제외하고는 2,568~5,693분으로 총 심비디움 판매량의 1.5~2.1%를 차지하였다. 심비디움 거래량의 65.2~97.6%를 차지하는 꽃대 2, 3, 4대 가격을 비교한 결과, 국산 품종이 외국산 품종에 비하 여 최고가는 낮았지만 평균가는 높았고, 최저가는 훨씬 높았다. 결론적으로 aT화훼공판장 거래가를 기준으로 국산 품종이 외국산 품종과 비교할 때 품질이 양호하였음을 알 수 있었다.

Network externalities are essentially dynamic in that the value consumers feel about a product is affected by the size of the existing customer base that uses that product. However, existing studies on network externalities analyzed the effects of network externalities in a static way, not dynamic. In this study, unlike previous studies, the impact of network externalities on price competition in a vertically differentiated market is dynamically analyzed. To this end, a two-period duopoly game model was used to reflect the dynamic aspects of network externalities. Based on the game model, the Nash equilibria for price, sales volume, and revenue were derived and numerically analyzed. The results can be summarized as follows. First, if high-end product has strong market power, the high-end product vendor takes almost all benefits of the network externality. Second, when high-end product has strong market power, the low-end product will take over most of the initial sales volume increase. Third, when market power of high-end product is not strong, it can be seen that the effects of network externalities on the high and low-end products are generally proportional to the difference in quality. Lastly, if there exists a strong network externality, it is shown that the presence of low-end product can be more profitable for high-end product vendor. In other words, high-end product vendor has incentive to disclose some technologies for the market entrance of low-end product, even if it has exclusive rights to the technologies. In that case, however, it is shown that the difference in quality should be maintained significantly.