라멘 구조는 건설 분야에서 가장 널리 쓰이는 구조 형식이다. 그러나 최대 부모멘트가 발생하는 우각부에서 적절한 세부 검토 가 필요하다. 따라서 적절한 휨강도 및 휨강성을 보유한 연결구조가 필요하며, 이에 적합하지 않을 경우 우각부 볼트 배치를 회피하여야 한다. 이 연구에서는 휨강도, 휨강성 및 시공안전성 등의 구조적 성을 개선하기 위해 특수한 형식의 우각부 볼트 연결 방식을 제안하였 으며, 기존 및 제안한 볼트 연결 방식이 적용된 강재 라멘 구조에 대한 휨강도실험을 수행하였다. 실험 결과, 제안한 우각부 볼트 연결 방식은 기존 방식에 비해 휨성능이 우수한 것으로 나타났으며, 하부구조 전면에 헌치를 설치할 경우 휨성능이 더욱 증대되는 것으로 나타 났다.

Recently, the floor construction method of buildings is rapidly being replaced by the steel deck construction method of factory products from the past cast-in-place formwork method in order to shorten construction period, reduce labor costs, and improve constructability. In this study, the bending capacity of a newly developed lattice integrated rib-type deck plate that is economical and constructible was evaluated through a simple beam test. As a result of the experiment, the lattice integrated rib-type deck installed by adding rib to the existing flat deck had excellent initial rigidity and maximum load-bearing ability, confirming the feasibility of practical use. In addition, the test specimen in which the tensile rebar is not integrated with the lattice and deck has very low initial stiffness, which is insufficient to support the load at the construction stage, and new details need to be developed to overcome this.

In the present study, the inertial electromagnetic actuator (IEA) and the FxLMS (filtered-x least mean square) method were applied to study vibration control using the active mount. IEA was designed and manufactured for the experiment, and FxLMS algorithm was developed to evaluate control performance and mount dynamic characteristics. For the vibration control experiment, active mounts were installed at the top and bottom, and the lower active mount controls the force transmitted to the structure by the excitation signal from the upper active mount. The experiment was performed by simultaneously exciting three frequencies in three axes. From the experimental results, it was confirmed that the force measured at the lower active mount when the actuator is off is greatly reduced when the actuator is on, and that vibration reduction in the vertical z-axis is more effective than vibration reduction in the x-y plane.

본 논문은 염해 환경에 노출된 CFRP Grid로 보강된 콘크리트 보의 휨 거동에 대한 실험적 연구를 보고한다. 실험을 위해 길 이 2,200 mm, 폭 250 mm, 높이 125 mm의 실험체가 제작되었다. 실험변수로 염화물 수용액의 종류(NaCl: 염화나트륨, CaCl2: 염화칼 슘), 사전 하중 가력의 유무 및 염화물 용액 침지 기간(40일, 120일)이 고려되었다. 제작된 실험체는 침지 후 3점 휨 실험이 수행되었다. 초기 균열 하중은 침지 40일 후 증가하였으나, 120일 이후 다시 감소하였다. 파괴 모드는 사전 하중 가력을 통해 균열이 발생되지 않은 실험체에서는 대부분 콘크리트 압축부가 파쇄되는 휨파괴 양상을 보였으며, 사전 하중 가력을 통해 균열이 발생된 실험체는 모두 Pull-Out 파괴가 발생되었다. 염화칼슘에 침지된 실험체에서는 120일 이후 약 10%의 극한하중의 감소가 나타났으며, 염화나트륨에 침지 된 실험체의 극한하중은 미미하게 증가하였다. 균열이 발생된 실험체에서는 모두 120일 이후 극한하중 및 처짐이 급격하게 감소되었다.

철근은 콘크리트와 결합하여 인장 능력을 보완하고 표면 피막으로 부식을 방지하지만, 탄산화 및 염화물 침투로 인해 부식이 발생하면 내력이 저하된다. 이를 해결하기 위해 내부식성이 뛰어난 GFRP(Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer) 보강근이 철근 대채제로 주 목받고 있다. 본 연구는 직경에 따른 GFRP 보강근의 부착특성을 철근과 실험적으로 비교 분석하였다. 콘크리트는 약 39MPa의 고강도 에 가까운 콘크리트를 사용하였으며, 보강근의 직경은 D10과 D13을 사용하였다. 실험 결과, GFRP 보강근의 평균 부착 응력은 17.21MPa로 철근의 18.14MPa와 유사하게 나타났다. GFRP 보강근의 슬립 양은 3.05mm로 철근의 1.53mm 보다 크게 나타났다. 또한 GFRP의 경우 인발 과정에서 표면에 국부손상이 발생하는 것을 확인하였다.

In the present study, a calorimeter was used to experimentally investigate the heating capacity and COP changes according to the pipe length of a variable capacity A/C system with long pipes. Cooling capacity, COP, and compressor discharge temperature were obtained by changing pipe lengths and loading duties at fixed indoor and outdoor temperatures. And the operation status and cycle change process of the A/C system were investigated using some experimental data and P-h diagrams. As the pipe length changes, the heat transfer within the cycle and the operating load of the compressor change, so the heating capacity and COP of the system change. At the same loading duty, as the pipe length increases, the heating capacity and COP decrease. As the loading duty increased, the heating capacity increased almost linearly, but the COP decreased. Since the long pipe experimental value for the compressor discharge temperature has a temperature deviation of up to 1 7℃(50m, L/D : 10/10) from the correlation equation, the optimal correlation equation must be derived through additional research.

In the present study, a calorimeter was used to experimentally investigate the cooling capacity and COP changes according to the pipe length of a variable capacity A/C system with long pipes. Cooling capacity, COP, and compressor discharge temperature were obtained by changing pipe length and loading duty. And the operation status and cycle change process of the A/C system were investigated using some experimental data and P-h diagrams. In long pipes, the pressure drop increases and the operating load on the compressor increases. Additionally, at the same loading duty, cooling capacity and COP decrease and the compressor discharge temperature increases. As loading duty increases, cooling capacity and compressor power consumption increase. Since the temperature deviation between the experimental value and the correlation equation for the discharge temperature of the long-pipe compressor shows a maximum of 10.5℃(50m, L/D : 20/0), the existing correlation equation needs to be modified.

RC구조물에서 대부분의 인장력을 받는 철근은 다양한 환경에 노출되었을 때 부식이 발생하며, 이러한 철근의 부식은 인장력 감소와 더불어 철근의 주변에 존재하는 콘크리트 균열 크기를 확장시켜 RC 구조물의 수명을 단축시키는 주요한 원인으로 작용하고 있 다. 이로인해 건축물의 유지 관리에 많은 비용이 필요하게 되며, 과도한 구조물의 유지, 관리 비용은 건설 분야의 문제점으로 남아있 다. 탄소섬유 강화 폴리머(CFRP)는 내화학성(비부식) 특성과 중량 대비 높은 강도로 인해 철근을 대체할 수 있는 보강제로 주목받고 있으며, CFRP보강재의 높은 항상성은 위에 대두된 구조물의 유지 관리 비용을 크게 절감할 수 있을 것이라 판단되어 연구되어지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 다양한 건설 분야에서 CFRP 보강재를 사용하기 위한 과정 중 CFRP 그리드를 내부 보강제로 사용하기 위한 연구로써 CFRP 그리드와 콘크리트의 부착 특성을 실험을 통해 연구하였다. 이를 위해 다양한 정착 길이를 가진 30개의 콘크리트 부착 시편에 대해 인발 시험을 수행하였으며, 실험 결과를 바탕으로 콘크리트에서 CFRP 그리드의 부착 특성을 분석하고 콘크리트 구조물의 보강재 로 CFRP 그리드를 적용하기 위한 분석 공식을 제안하였다.

In this study, the heating performance of a variable capacity A/C system was experimentally studied. A psychrometric calorimeter was used to obtain performance data of the A/C system using PWM(pluse width modulation) method and compare it with the compressor discharge temperature correlation equation. Heating capacity, COP, and compressor discharge temperature were obtained by changing indoor and outdoor temperatures, refrigerant amount, and loading duty. The following results were obtained by selecting 5 types of refrigerant amount, 3 types of outdoor temperature (fixed indoor temperature), and 2 types of loading duty. As the outdoor temperature increases, heating capacity and COP increase. Heating capacity was affected by both outdoor temperature and loading duty. However, COP was more influenced by outdoor temperature. The effect of increasing the amount of refrigerant on the performance of the A/C system was not significant. Additionally, the temperature deviation between the existing compressor discharge temperature correlation equation and the heating experiment data was about 5.1℃ at the maximum loading duty.

In this study, the cooling performance of a variable capacity A/C system was experimentally studied. A psychrometric calorimeter was used to obtain performance data of the A/C system using the pulse width modulation method and compare it with the compressor discharge temperature correlation equation. Cooling capacity, COP, and compressor discharge temperature were obtained by changing indoor and outdoor temperatures, refrigerant amount, and loading duty. The following results were obtained by selecting 5 types of refrigerant amount, 3 types of outdoor temperature (fixed indoor temperature), and 2 types of loading duty. As the outdoor temperature increased, cooling capacity and COP according to outdoor conditions decreased. And the higher the loading duty, the greater the cooling capacity, but the COP was minimal. The change in cooling capacity and COP due to the increase in refrigerant amount was not significant. Additionally, the change in compressor discharge temperature is more influenced by the outside temperature than by the loading duty.

본 연구에서는 강합성라멘교의 벽체 배면 철근 커플러 적용 여부에 따른 두 실험체를 제작하여 하 중가력 실험을 수행하였다. 그 결과 공법에 적용된 주요 기술에 대한 구조적 안전성 및 적정성을 확인 하였으며, 실험체는 설계 내하력 대비 충분한 안전성을 확보하고 있음이 확인되었다. 또한, 경간장 17.3m, 교폭 3.0m, 높이 3.25m의 실험체에 대한 정적성능실험 및 동특성 측정 실험을 수행하였으며, 그 결과 설계 내하력 대비 충분한 안전성을 확보하고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

The purpose of this study is to experimentally analyze the seismic performance of beam-column specimens with vertical irregular, which were reinforced with RHS (Replaceable steel haunch system). a steel haunch system. To evaluate the seismic performance of the RHS, three specimens were manufactured and subjected to cycle loading tests. Retrofitted specimens have different beam-upper column stiffness ratio as a variable. The stiffness ratio of beam-upper column were considered to be 1.2 and 0.84. As a result of the test, the specimen reinforced with RHS showed improved maximum load and effective stiffness, and energy dissipation capacity compared to the non-retrofitted specimen with same beam-upper column stiffness ratio. The specimen with 0.84 beam-upper column stiffness ratio showed improved performance than the specimen with 12.

In this study, an experimental analysis of noise reduction in road traffic by applying the Micro Grooving technique to concrete highway pavements is explored. Initiated in 1984 to address the aging and damage issues observed in South Korea's concrete highways, Micro Grooving is known for creating fine grooves on the cement pavement surface to increase friction, prevent hydroplaning, and inhibit ice formation, while reducing vehicle friction noise by 3∼5dB(A). It is determined from noise measurement results that the application of the Micro Grooving method can be expected to reduce roadside noise and enhance the safety of drivers' driving experience.

The overseas small ship market is witnessing a trend towards research aimed at substituting Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FRP), which poses environmental concerns, with High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) in the shipbuilding process. Given the low melting point and high coefficient of thermal expansion of HDPE, research on joint areas is essential. This study focuses on preliminary investigations into ensuring the integrity of joints in shipbuilding processes using HDPE materials. Utilizing the Hot Gas Extrusion Welding method, which is conducive to joining large structures such as ships, HDPE joints were conducted. The material properties were evaluated based on the ASTM D638-14 international standards. This research aims to provide fundamental knowledge on the joining process of HDPE through Hot Gas Extrusion Welding and offers guidance on ensuring the integrity of joints in shipbuilding.

The current study investigates the seismic performance of shear-dominant RC columns retrofitted with iron-based shape memory alloy (Fe SMA). Three RC columns with insufficient transverse reinforcement were designed and fabricated for lateral cyclic loading tests. Before testing, two specimens were externally confined with carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets and self-prestressed Fe SMA strips. The test results showed that both CFRP and Fe SMA performed well in preventing severe shear failure exhibited by the unretrofitted control specimen. Furthermore, the two retrofitted specimens showed ductile flexural responses up to the drift ratios of ±8%. In terms of damage control, however, the Fe SMA confinement was superior to CFRP confinement in that the spalling of concrete was much less and that the rupture of confinement did not occur.

When cooking, especially during processes such as grilling or frying, harmful gases are generated. Among them, fine dust is a major factor causing lung cancer, and to eliminate it, range hoods are commonly used. Particularly, when using portable cooking device like gas stoves, it is even more challenging to remove fine dust. In this study, a cooking device was developed to combine steam and cooled air in the air-curtain area to recover fine dust generated during the cooking process, allowing it to be collected as food. The device was evaluated according to criteria defined independently and validated through experiments. As a result, all criteria were satisfied within the specified range.