Thin-film shape technology is recognized for its core technology to enhance the technology of LCD, PDP, semiconductor manufacturing processes, hard disks and optical disks, and is widely used to form coated thin films of products. In addition, resistance (electron beam filament) technology for heating is used to manufacture filament for ion implants used in semiconductor manufacturing processes. By establishing an electronic beam filament production system and developing seven specifications of electronic beam filament, it is contributing to improving trade dynamics and increasing exports to Japan through localized media of theoretical imports to domestic companies. In this study, CAE analysis was performed after setting electron beam filament specification and development objectives, facilities and fabrication for electron beam filament production, electron beam filament JIG & fixture design and fabrication followed by electron beam filament prototype. Then, the automation and complete inspection equipment of the previously developed electronic beam filament manufacturing facilities was developed and researched to mass-produce them, to analyze and modify prototypes, design and manufacture automation facilities, and finally, to design and manufacture the complete inspection equipment. In this paper, mainly jig & fixture design, production and trial production of electron beam filament were dealted with.

본 연구는 헬스케어 식물 생산단지에 대한 일반 시민들의 인식 및 이용행태를 분석하고, 이용 경험자와 미이용자에 대한 중요도, 만족도 분석을 통해 향후 활성화 방안 및 개선 방향을 도출하였다. 이를 위해 선행연구 분석 및 전문가 브레인스토밍을 통해 헬스케어 식물 생산단지의 주요 요소를 도출하였으며, 전국 성인남녀 1,000명을 대상으로 인터넷 조사를 실시하였다. 또한 조사 결과를 토대로 헬스케어 식물 생산단지의 주요 요소에 대한 만족도와 중요도 기준IPA 분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 헬스케어 식물 생산단지에 대한 인지수준 및 방문률이 높지는 않으나, 환경 인식 측면에서 생활수준의 향상 속에 환경개선이나 건강관리의 중요성이 강조되면서 헬스케어 식물 개념에 대한 공감대가 비교적 높게 형성되어 있기 때문에 기본적인 시장 수요를 가지고 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 이용 경험자와 미이용자 모두 헬스케어 식물 생산단지의 중요도 및 긍정적인 역할에 대해 공감하고 있으며, 이용 경험자 인식 조사 결과 향후 헬스케어 식물 생산단지의 활성화를 위해서는 기본적으로 화훼나 묘목 관리를 우선으로 하며 다양한 친환경 프로그램 및 시설 개발, 이용자 편의 측면에서의 개선이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 미이용자 인식 조사 결과 시설 이용 시 편의성에 대한 일부 우려가 있으나 향후 의용의향이 충분한 것으로 나타났으며, 관람이나 친환경 체험 등에 대한 기대감이 크기 때문에 전시시설이나 체험 프로그램 개발 및 홍보가 요구된다. 본 연구의 결과는 헬스케어 식물 생산단지 및 기존 화훼 농가의 발전 방향 제시 등의 기초 자료로 활용 될 것으로 기대되며, 향후에는 헬스케어 식물 생산단지의 주요 요소별 시설 도출 및 설계 방안 등의 연구가 수행되어야 할 것이다.

Yam is an important tuber crop nutritionally, socio-culturally, and an income generator for many Nigerian. This explains its high demand both locally and internationally, causing increased production as Nigeria leads world production with about 45.41 million metric tons annually. The peculiarity of yam production in Nigeria entails lower yield, high cost of production, and post-harvest losses. Yam produced in Nigeria falls far below the potential crop yield, therefore, it is essential to close these yield gaps through the provision of solutions to the different constraints that hamper sustainable yam production. Despite the challenges, there is still insufficient information on the impact of policies, weeds, pests, and diseases which constitute major constraints. Nigerian farmers mostly utilize indigenous cultural approaches to manage yam production. Their goal of production is to produce yam cultivars that are suitable mainly for food products leading to the neglect of other cultivars. Few selected institutions with a yam mandate have been working on improving the production of D. rotundata and D. alata through breeding yam cultivars suitable for consumption and resilient against pests and diseases. However, more extensive studies should focus on breeding programs for yam resilient under drought and flooding, with peculiar physicochemical properties that give unique textual qualities considered in pounded yam and other yam food products. In this review paper, the significance and limitations of yam production in Nigeria and her efforts to achieve sustainable production are extensively studied.

The biological efficiencies of promising Pleurotus spp. were evaluated. Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus tuberregium,and Pleurotus sajor-cajuwere investigated at temperatures of 22oC, 20oC, and 18oC to determine their ability to adapt to temperatures that are likely to be found in subtropical regions. The experiment was conducted using a substrate comprising Popular sawdust 60% + cotton seed 20% + beet pulp 20% under a relative humidity of 65%. The results indicated that there were significant differences in terms of biological efficiency between the species: P. tuber regium 128.84% at 22oC, P. ostreatus 108.41% at 22oC, and P. sajor-caju is 80% at 20oC. The common temperatures at which all species showed the highest biological efficiencies were 22oC and 20oC. Therefore, the production of the evaluated species was equal to or surpassed biological efficiencies reported in tropical environments, thereby demonstrating a potential opportunity to adapt to tropical environments without compromising quality standards.

This study investigated the effects of complex problem-solving activities involving children’s literature on students’ critical thinking dispositions and English production. Thirty-one sixth-grade students were given lessons over a seven-week period. Various types of data were analyzed qualitatively, and the results of a critical thinking disposition test were analyzed quantitatively. Results were as follows: First, the critical thinking dispositions test revealed positive changes in open-mindedness, independence, objectivity, and inquisitiveness. The highest score was found for open-mindedness. The largest increase in score was for independence and objectivity. Second, changes in critical thinking dispositions enriched children’s English production. Open-mindedness helped with spoken language production as it encouraged students to share their opinions freely. Independence was mainly expressed in writing form in which students could question and evaluate the text. Greater objectivity was applied to spoken and written language production as the subjects were able to recognize the importance of evidence. Inquisitiveness affected children’s writing as it drove them to write down the results of their own research.

The occurrence of Laodelphax striatellus (SBPH) in Korea ranged 0.3-19.3 individuals in 2021, and 0.3-23.3 individuals in 2022 during the investigation period. Nilaparvata lugens (BPH) was not observed in 2021, but N. lugens (BPH) showed the highest number(82.0 inds.) in late September of 2022. The occurrence of Sogatella furcifera (WBPH) was not severe during the study period. Compared to Korea’s situation, N. lugens (BPH) and S. furcifera (WBPH) in Asian regions showed high occurrence in Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. The results of the field survey could be confirmed with the occurrence pattern of about once or twice in their regions. Continuous monitoring is required for the best control of planthopper species in rice production regions of Asia. We anticipate that exchange of occurrence information and establishment of a control cooperation system will improve rice productivity in Asian regions by preventing outbreak of planthopper species and reducing damages caused by the species.

PURPOSES : Owing to industrial development, the occurrence of continuous environmental damage such as abnormal weather is accelerating because of a rapid increase in carbon emissions. Therefore, various efforts are expended worldwide to realize a low-carbon ecofriendly society. In the construction industry, various efforts have been realized to reduce environmental pollution such as greenhouse gas emissions, for example by introducing eco-friendly materials and reducing industrial waste. In this study, an asphalt pavement technology that can reduce production and construction temperatures by more than 60 °C is developed to reduce the amount of carbon generated in the asphalt industry. METHODS : The performance of a half-warm asphalt binder developed using thermoplastic elastomers and low-temperature additives was assessed. In addition, the change in the quality of a mixture due to the use of the half-warm asphalt binder was evaluated. RESULTS : As the amount of thermoplastic elastomer used increases, the performance grade of the asphalt binder increases as well. When 3% or more of the elastomer is incorporated, the target performance grade of the asphalt binder is satisfied. In addition, by incorporating the thermoplastic elastomer and a low-temperature additive, the overall moisture and rutting resistance increased even at relatively low production and compaction temperatures. CONCLUSIONS : Additional measures to stabilize quality and improve economic feasibility will present a new paradigm for investigations into eco-friendly asphalt concrete pavements.

PURPOSES : In this study, an eco-friendly mastic asphalt backfill material is developed to reduce production and construction temperatures by 40 ℃ compared with those recorded when using conventional hot-mix mastic asphalt backfill materials. METHODS : To reduce the production and construction temperatures, SIS polymer modifiers and gum rosin were selected, and gum rosin-modified SIS materials were applied to the mastic asphalt binder mix design. SIS is less viscous than SBS at high temperatures owing to its thermal characteristics, and incorporating gum rosin into SIS causes the latter to exhibit a loose and soft structure. To improve the performance of the mastic asphalt modified with SIS and gum rosin, three different filler mixes, i.e., 100% PMMA, 50% PMMA and 50% calcium carbonate, and 40% PMMA and 60% calcium carbonate were applied. RESULTS : The rosin-modified SIS reduces the viscosity of the developed mastic asphalt binders. In particular, incorporating 3.7% of gum rosin is beneficial to the mastic binder and does not degrade its low-temperature performance. Similarly, using 100% PMMA as a filler improves the performance but results in workability issues at high temperatures. CONCLUSIONS : Rosin-modified SIS and PMMA are promising alternatives for increasing the workability at high temperatures while maintaining the target performance of grade PG82-22 binders if the appropriate ratio of calcium carbonate is mixed with PMMA and an alternative filler comprising calcium carbonate is used.

PURPOSES : In this study, emissions from asphalt mixture production and construction processes are calculated and used to estimate the emission from each asphalt pavement layer. The calculated emissions for the processes are used as fundamental data to estimate the total emission from the entire life cycle of pavement engineering in South Korea. METHODS : A design proposal and the Korean standard, which provide quantitative information for activities, were used to estimate the amount of construction materials and energy consumption. Subsequently, the LCI DB from NAPA and the LCIA DB from EPA were utilized in conjunction with the estimated quantity to assess the effect of the emissions to determine their environmental impact categories. RESULTS : Calculation results show that 5.84 million ton of CO2eq is discharged from production and construction processes, whereas 3.24 million ton of CO2eq is discharged from operation processes in the pavement engineering sector. The total GHG emission, i.e., 9.08 million ton of CO2eq, is approximately 1.25% of the national GHG emission in 2018. The asphalt mixture production process results in the highest GHG emission in the life cycle of asphalt pavements. CONCLUSIONS : An LCI DB that accounts for the industrial characteristics of South Korea must be established to provide more reliable emission data to be used for national GHG reduction plans, including those for the pavement engineering sector.

홍잠은 숙잠(熟蠶)을 수증기로 익혀서 인간이 섭취할 수 있도록 제조한 다양한 건강 증진 효과가 있는 천연 건강 식품이다. 현재 표준 제조 방법은 수증기로 찐 홍잠을 보관과 판매의 편의를 위하여 급속 냉동하여 동결 건조를 진행하는 것이다. 그런데, 홍잠을 동결 건조하는 과정은 많 은 시간과 비용을 필요로 하여 홍잠 제품 가격의 인상 요인으로 작용하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 홍잠을 수증기로 찐 후 바로 균질 액으로 제조하여 분무 건조하면 분말 제조 비용을 절감할 수 있음을 발견하였다. 그리고 홍잠 균질 액에 식용 단백질 분해 효소를 첨가하여 분해시킨 후, 단 1회의 분무 건조로 제품을 제조할 수 있는 방법을 개발하였다. 특히 홍잠 균질 액이나 효소 분해 홍잠 균질 액은 바로 액상이나 젤리 형태로 일반 또는 환 자용 특수 의료 용도 식품에 활용이 가능함을 보여주었다. 본 연구에서는 생산비용이 감소된 홍잠의 가공 방법을 제안하며 이는 제품 생성의 단가 를 낮추어 제품의 대중화와 양잠 농가의 연관산업 육성을 불러올 것으로 기대된다.

Although probiotics have been shown to improve health when consumed, recent studies have reported that they can cause unwanted side effects due to bacterial-human interactions. Therefore, the importance of prebiotics that can form beneficial microbiome in the gut has been emphasized. This study isolated and identified bacteria capable of producing biopoymer as a candidate prebiotic from traditional fermented foods. The isolated and identified strain was named WCYSK01 (Wissella sp. strain YSK01). The composition of the medium for culturing this strain was prepared by dissolving 3 g K2HPO4, 0.2 g MgSO4, 0.05 g CaCl2, 0.1 g NaCl in 1 L of distilled water. The LMBP(low molecular weight biopoymers) produced when fermentation was performed with sucrose and maltose as substrates were mainly consisted of DP3 (degree of polymer; isomaltotriose), DP4 (isomaltotetraose), DP5 (isomaltopentaose), and DP6 (isomaltoheptaose). The optimization of LMBP (low molecular weight of biopolymer) production was performed using the response surface methodology. The fermentation process temperature range of 18 to 32oC, the fermentation medium pH in the range of 5.1 to 7.9. The yield of LMBP production by the strain was found to be significantly affected by q fermentation temperature and pH. The optimal fermentation conditions were found at the normal point, and the production yield was more than 75% at pH 7.5 and temperature of 23oC.

The existing production and manufacturing process was manually operated and the cleaning process was not constant due to poor environmental conditions for several hours, so the production efficiency was significantly lowered and manufacturing cost was increased. In this R&D, productivity improved by doubling the production of 300 units per hour to 700 units, and in this development, manufacturing costs were lowered through this process improvement project based on automotive shoba automation technology.

Level 3 driving, which enters full-fledged autonomous driving, is becoming more common. And research on autonomous driving is growing rapidly. Therefore, there is a need for a hardware platform to implement autonomous driving, but the actual vehicle price is too high and the implementation conditions are very limited, so its usability is inevitably reduced. In this study, by providing an easy-to-access hardware platform for anyone to support autonomous driving research, compatibility with software platforms can be increased. As a result of this study, it is possible to conduct hardware platform and software platform education at the same time. Through this, trial and error due to errors in each of the two platforms can be reduced. In addition, various sensors, such as camera sensors and LiDAR sensors, were installed on the hardware platform, and a hardware platform capable of testing autonomous driving for education and R&D was conducted not only outdoors but also indoors with little external environmental impact.