We aimed to develop and analyze the effectiveness of a “Room of Errors” simulation program for educating nursing students in patient safety management. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental method (two group, before and after evaluation) and enrolled 35 nursing students as the participants. Data were collected using a self-reported questionnaire and analyzed through descriptive statistics and the independent t-test and Mann-Whitney U test using SPSS/WIN Statistics version 25.0. Results: After completing the “Room of Errors” simulation program, the participants’ score of intention and confidence in performance for patient safety management in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group. Conclusion: A “Room of Errors” simulation education program for nursing students effectively increased the intention and confidence in performance of nursing students in patient safety management.

The purpose of this study is to propose measures to increase evacuation safety by calculating the habitable time using a fire and evacuation simulation program for the Room-escape cafe currently in operation, and comparing and analyzing it with the evacuation required time. Assuming a fire due to overheating of electric heaters in use in front of the warehouse, the habitable time was calculated through fire simulation, and the occupant's evacuation time calculated through evacuation simulation according installation of safety facilities, etc. was compared and analyzed with the habitable time. In the case of escape room cafes with safety facilities installed, evacuation safety was satisfied, but in escape room cafes without safety facilities, the evacuation safety was not secure. As a result of analyzing evacuation safety for each scenario based on the ASET analyzed in the fire simulation, it was found that in scenario 1, evacuation safety was secured and everyone successfully evacuated, while in scenario 2, no one succeeded in evacuation. These results can be said to confirm that the installation of safety facilities is very important in business establishments such as escape room cafes, which become enclosed structures when games are started.

According to the second high-level radioactive waste management national basic plan announced in December 2021, the reference geological disposal concept for spent nuclear fuels (SNF) in Korea followed the Finnish concept based on KBS-3 type. Also, the basic plan required consideration of the development of the technical alternatives. Accordingly, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute is conducting analyses of various alternative disposal concepts for spent nuclear fuels and is in the final selection stage of an alternative disposal concept. 10 disposal concepts including reference concept were considered for analysis in terms of disposal efficiency and safety. They were reference concept, mined deep borehole matrix, sub-seabed disposal, deep borehole disposal, multi-level disposal, space disposal, sub-sea bed disposal, long-term storage, deep horizontal borehole disposal, and ice-sheet disposal. Among them, first 4 concepts, mined deep borehole matrix, sub-seabed disposal, deep borehole disposal, multi-level disposal, were selected as candidate alternative disposal concepts by the evaluation of qualitative items. And then, by the evaluation of quantitative and qualitative items with specialists, multi-level disposal concept was being selected as a final alternative disposal concept. Design basis and performance requirements for designing alternative disposal systems were laid in the previous stage. Based on this, the design strategy and main design requirements were derived, and the engineered barrier system of a high-efficiency disposal concept was preliminary designed accordingly. In addition, as an alternative disposal concept, performance targets and related requirements were established to ensure that the high-efficiency repository system and its engineered barrier system components, such as disposal containers, buffer bentonites, and backfill perform the safety functions. Items that qualitatively describe safety functions, performance goals, and related requirements at this stage and items whose quantitative values are changed according to future test results will be determined and updated in the process of finalizing and specifically designing an alternative highefficiency disposal system.

In school safety education, it was difficult to apply how to link the safety education according to grades year, and student’s interest was reduced due to the repetition of existing safety education contents and the absence of new teaching methods and tools. In this study, as a new type of safety education, a performance forms fire safety education program was developed. This program aims to increase students’ interest and satisfaction in safety education, and to this end, it was connect with korean elementary science curriculum and combined various engineering teaching materials or tools and methods. Developed program was applied to 2,231 students, 25 schools in 10 regions of Gyeonggi-do and surveyed 476 fifth and sixth grade students program satisfaction and 3 factors of interest in fire safety education who could respond to the survey. As a result of applying the program, more than 90% of students responded more than 'satisfied' in all areas. and statistical test(independent t-test and non-parametric test) indicates over-all satisfaction and interest factors in the program are high regardless of gender and grade, so the effectiveness can be guessed indirectly and there is a universal applicability also. Moreover, examining the influence of student interest level in the satisfaction of the fire safety program, it was found that in order to increase the satisfaction of fire safety education, students should have more fun with the content and feel interest in the teacher's teaching method or explanation.

PURPOSES : The purpose of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the variability of LiDAR performance indicators, such as intensity and Number of Point Cloud(NPC), according to various environmental factors and material characteristics. METHODS : To consider the material characteristics of road safety facilities, various materials (Reference Material(RM), reflective sheet, matte sheet, granite, plastic, and rubber) were used in a darkroom, and the performance indicators of LiDAR were repeatedly measured in terms of changes in the measurement distance, rainfall, and angle of observation. RESULTS : In the case of standard reflective materials, the intensity measurement value decreased as the measurement distance and rainfall increased. The NPC showed a tendency to decrease as the measurement distance increased, regardless of rainfall intensity. For materials with high-intensity values, it was found that rainfall intensity and color had negligible effect on the change in intensity compared with the measurement distance. However, for materials with low-intensity values, it was found that the measurement distance, rainfall intensity, and color all had a significant effect on the change in intensity. CONCLUSIONS : For materials with high-intensity values, it was found that rainfall and color had negligible effect on change in intensity compared with the measurement distance. However, for materials with low-intensity values, the measurement distance, rainfall, and color all had a significant effect on the change in intensity value.

우리나라는 연안해역을 집약적으로 활용하기 때문에 폐기물로 인한 해양사고 발생률도 높은 편이다. 항해하는 선박의 추진기 에 해양부유물, 폐로프, 폐어망 등이 감기는 사고를 부유물감김사고로 정의하고 있다. 이러한 사고를 예방하기 위해 본 연구에서는 국내 에 상용화되어 세이버 타입(Shaver type)의 로프절단장치를 유한요소법을 이용하여 구조안전성 검토와 수조시험을 통해 절단 과정 및 성능 평가를 진행하였다. 그 결과 로프절단장치를 구성하는 모든 파트는 0.5s 도달하기 전 파손되었으며, 인장강도 대비 발생한 최대응력을 기 준으로 각 파트의 안전계수는 최소 2이상으로 나타났다. 수조시험에서는 세이버타입의 절단장치의 절단 과정을 살펴보았고, 실제 해상에 서 부유중인 폐로프가 다양한 각도로 진입하는 것을 고려하여 케이스 별로 설치 각도를 설정하였다. 그 결과 모든 케이스에서 절단이 되 었으며, 절단 날이 어떠한 각도에 장착되어도 로프를 절단하는데 문제가 없을 것으로 판단된다.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effect of a simulation-based patient safety performance improvement education program on caregivers’ knowledge, attitude, and performance toward safety. Methods: This study adopted a quasi-experimental design that applied before-and-after designs for the test and control groups. It was configured focusing on “infectious disease,” “fires,” “falls,” and “drug abuse.” Results: There was a significant difference in knowledge and patient safety performance between the experimental group and the control group. However, there was no significant difference in attitudes toward safety. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the simulation-based patient safety performance improvement education program is effective in improving patient safety performance. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously apply and evaluate the simulation-based patient safety performance training program to enable caregivers to develop professional prevention and management capabilities within elderly care facilities

PURPOSES : Abroad, road pavement materials vary depending on the speed and traffic volume of vehicles, but owing to the negative perception of block pavements, sidewalks, parking lots, and parks are primarily used in Korea. In addition, since speed restriction policies such as safety speed 5030 have been implemented recently, it is necessary to use block pavements for roadways, which are considered to have the effect of reducing speed. Therefore, it is necessary not only to actively discuss the introduction of block pavements for roadways but to continue research on the effectiveness of the performance evaluation and to change the perception of roads in Korea. METHODS : In this study, five indicators (surface damage, surface temperature, driving speed of vehicle, noise, and suspended dust) were selected for a sustainable road environment. The performance evaluation index of block pavement for roadways was decided according to the domestic and international literature, and the data were collected based on the evaluation index in the section with block pavement for roadways in Korea. RESULTS : The damage rate was calculated 0.35% according to the breakage of block and Maintenance Control Index(MCI) was ranked A~B even though the pavement was used for more than 4~5 years. The surface temperature of block pavement has a temperature reduction effect of 7 ℃ compared with ordinary asphalt pavement and a speed reduction of approximately 4 km/h on average; therefore, the traffic calming effect of block pavements can be expected. The noise of block pavement and asphalt pavement exhibited a similar level, and the noise level experienced by pedestrians did not change significantly as a result of frequency analysis. The measurement of road suspended dust around the road confirmed the possibility of reducing the concentration of road dust in the air owing to the smooth surface drainage and the results indicated the possibility. CONCLUSIONS : The results of this study are expected to contribute to the recognition and functional improvement of domestic block pavements by continuous monitoring to ensure the reliability of blocks. In addition, it is necessary to ensure the reliability of the quality and functional evaluation of paving materials through continuous on-site monitoring.

In order to find out the management and sanitation status of protective gear provided at the construction site, a case study and survey were conducted by visiting the site. As a result of the case study, inspection and management, disinfection, and storage of protective equipment were insufficient in both workplaces with less than 50 employees and workplaces with more than 100 employees. As a result of the survey, workers(66.2%), said they did not know how to identify hard hats(67.6.%), how to identify bad hard hats(60.8%), and how to identify bad safety belts (73.0%), even though workers(66.2%) were educated on protective gear, and those in charge of protective gear Non-specified(56.8%), regular inspection of the provided protective equipment was not performed(82.4%), and disinfection was not performed(90.5%). Therefore, as a management plan to maintain the performance of personal protective equipment, educational aspects, regular training on protective equipment, training on how to identify defective protective equipment, management of recording papers, technical aspects, strengthening of standards for placement of dedicated safety managers in small workplaces, participation of workers’ representatives when selecting protective equipment, and selection of protective equipment for workers Providing opportunities, administrative aspects of protective equipment regulation and management, introduction of sanitary and cleanliness system, and selection of personnel in charge of protective equipment management were suggested.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of organizational safety and health management activities on safety and health performance by using the results of safety activity level evaluation of public organizations. To this end, a research model was established by using three fields as independent variables among the four areas of the safety activity level evaluation index: safety and health system, safety and health activity plan, and safety and health activity level, and the safety and health activity performance field as a dependent variable. Correlation analysis and regression analysis between major variables were performed. As a result of the correlation analysis, the safety and health activity performance had a significant positive (+) correlation with all of the safety and health system, safety and health activity plan, and safety and health activity level. The safety and health system had a significant positive (+) correlation with the safety and health activity plan and safety and health activity level, and the safety and health activity plan had a significant positive (+) correlation with the safety and health activity level. And as a result of the regression analysis, it was found that the organization’s safety and health system, safety and health activity plan, and safety and health activity level all had a significant positive (+) effect on safety and health activity performance.

The railroad facilities are intended for long-term operation as the initial acquisition costs necessary for infrastructure construction are high. Therefore, regular maintenance of railroad facilities is essential, and furthermore, system reliability through systematic performance evaluation is required. In this study, the signal control system of railroad electrical equipment was selected as the subject of research and the performance evaluation target facility selection study was conducted using AHP. The results of the study can contribute to the reliability of the signal control system as well as to the reliability of the railroad system, which is a higher system.