Background : Vaccinium oldhamii is a Korean native tree, which is deciduous and shrub tree with broad leaf. It was used primarily for edible or medicinal purposes for bladder infection in Korea and China. In addition, it has been reported to be used for treating inflammation, gonorrhea, vomiting, diarrhea and eruption. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of the branch of Vaccinium oldhamii and elucidated the potential mechanisms in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Methods and Results : In the comparative experiment for the inhibitory effect of the plant parts from Vaccinium oldhamii such as fruits, leaves and branches on NO production, we observed that the branch extracts showed the highest inhibitory effect. Thus, the further study was performed using the branch of Vaccinium oldhamii (VOB). VOB did not affect iNOS expression but significantly IL-1β expression, which indicates that VOB may block NO production through the inhibition of IL-1β expression. In elucidation of the potential mechanisms for anti-inflammatory effect, VOB inhibited the degradation of IκB-α which results in the inhibition of p65 nuclear accumulation and NF-κB activation. In addition, VOB suppressed the activation of ERK1/2, p38 and JNK. Conclusion : These results indicate that VOB may exert anti-inflammatory activity through the inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK signaling. From these findings, VOB has potential to be a candidate for the development of chemoprevention or therapeutic agents for the inflammatory diseases.

Background : Hibiscus syriacus is a widely cultivated ornamental shrub, found throughout eastern and southern Asia. The root of H. syriacus has been used in Asian folk medicine as a fungicide, antipyretic, and anthelmintic in the treatment of dysentery, eczema, tinea, and scabies. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of 70% ethanol extracts of root from Hibiscus syriacus (RHS-E70) and elucidated the potential mechanisms in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Methods and Results : RHS-E70 dose-dependently suppressed nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. In addition, RHS-E70 attenuated LPS-mediated overexpression of iNOS and IL-1β. In elucidation of the potential mechanisms for anti-inflammatory effect, RHS-E70 inhibited the phosphorylation and subsequent degradation of IκB-α, which results in the inhibition of p65 nuclear accumulation and NF-κB activation. In addition, RHS-E70 suppressed the activation of ERK1/2 and p38, which results in the inhibition of ATF2 phosphorylation and subsequent ATF2 nuclear accumulation. Conclusion : These results indicate that RHS-E70 may exert anti-inflammatory activity through the inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK signaling. From these findings, RHS-E70 has potential to be a candidate for the development of chemoprevention or therapeutic agents for the inflammatory diseases.

Background : Ginseng (Panax ginseng) has been reported to exert an anti-inflammatory activity in a variety of inflammatory. However, inflammation-regulatory activity of wood-cultivated ginseng has not been thoroughly evaluated. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of wood-cultivated ginseng and elucidated the potential mechanisms in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Methods and Results : Inhibitory effects of the old wood-cultivated ginseng (WCG-O), young wood-cultivated ginseng (WCG-Y) and ginseng (G) on NO and PGE2 production were examined using the Griess assay and ELISA kit. Suppressive effects of WCG-O on inflammatory gene expression, transcriptional activation, and inflammation signaling events were investigated using Western blot analysis, RT-PCR analysis and luciferase activity reporter gene assay. WCG-O dose-dependently suppressed nitric oxide (NO) and Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. In addition, WCG-O attenuated LPS-mediated overexpression of iNOS and COX-2. In addition, WCG-O blocked the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. In elucidation of the potential mechanisms for anti-inflammatory effect, WCG-O inhibited the activation of IκK-α/β, the phosphorylation of IκB-α, and degradation of IκB-α, which results in the inhibition of p65 nuclear accumulation and NF-κB activation. In addition, WCG-O suppressed the activation of ERK1/2, p38 and JNK, which results in the inhibition of ATF2 nuclear accumulation. Conclusion : These results indicate that WCG-O may exert anti-inflammatory activity through the inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK signaling. From these findings, WCG-O has potential to be a candidate for the development of chemoprevention or therapeutic agents for the inflammatory diseases.

Background : Mistletoe has been used as the herbal medicine to treat hypertension, diabetes mellitus, inflammation, arthritis and viral infection. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of extracts of branch from Taxillus yadoriki being parasitic in Neolitsea sericea (TY-NS-B) using in vitro model. Methods and Results : TY-NS-B significantly inhibited LPS-induced secretion of NO and PGE2 in RAW264.7 cells. TY-NS-B was also observed to inhibit LPS-mediated iNOS COX-2 expression. In addition, TY-NS-B attenuated production of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β induced by LPS. TY-NS-B blocked LPS-mediated inhibitor of IκB-α, and inhibited p65 translocation to the nucleus and NF-κB activation. Furthermore, TY-NS-B reduced the phosphorylation of MAPKs such as p38 and JNK, but not ERK1/2. In addition, TY-NS-B increased ATF3 expression and ATF3 knockdown by ATF3 siRNA attenuated TY-NS-B-mediated inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediator expression. Conclusion : Collectively, our results suggest that TY-NS-B exerts potential anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing NF-κB and MAPK signaling activation, and increasing ATF3 expression. These findings indicate that TY-NS-B could be further developed as an anti-inflammatory drug.

부식 현상은 발전소 및 대규모 난방가동시설 등의 각종 산업 현장에서 해결해야할 중대한 문제 중 하나이다. 특히 보일러 시스템의 높은 가동 온도 조건은 부식의 주된 원인으로 이러한 고온 부식 현상을 억제하기 위한 다양한 재료 및 방법들에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서 우리는 직접 개발한 세라믹 코팅을 현장 보일러 시스템에 적용하는 실험을 통해 보일러 가동조건에 따른 내부식성에 대해 고찰해보았다. 특히, 현장 보일러 시스템에 적용하는 연구를 통해 고온 환경에서의 내부식성 뿐만 아니라 연소 후 발생하는 각종 생성물에 의한 보일러 관 부착 현상에 대해서도 상대적으로 평가할 수 있었다. 또한, 세라믹 코팅의 내부식성에 대한 효과로 인해 발생하는 보일러 관의 수명연장효과(잔여 수명 분석)에 대해서도 정량적으로 분석하였다.

신재생 에너지의 활용 및 폐기물 순환을 통한 재활용에 주목하는 전세계적인 요구에 힘입어 바이오매스 및 생활환경 폐기물을 연료로 발전하는 SRF 발전에 대한 연구가 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 특히 화석연료의 고갈과 각종 폐기물의 증가로 SRF 발전에 대한 수요는 점차 증가할 것이라 예상된다. 다만, 정제된 화석연료의 사용 대신 각종 폐기물을 연로로 활용하기 때문에 이로 인해 발생하는 연소 생성물에 의해서 다양한 문제들이 발생되고 있다. 특히 보일러 시스템 내에서의 보일러 관에 각종 연소 생성물이 부착되는 파울링 현상은 연속 운전 시간 및 에너지 효율 측면에서 극복해야할 대표적 난제이다. 본 연구에서 우리는 현장에서 채취한 각종 소각재 및 파울링 현상으로 인해 발생하는 보일러 관 표면의 클링커에 대한 구성 물질 분석결과들을 통한 회귀분석과 동시에 시뮬레이션을 통해 각 구성 물질의 함량 변화에 따른 소각재 및 클링커의 녹는점 변화에 대해 분석하였다. 이를 통해 파울링 현상에 영향을 미치는 인자들을 구별하고 이에 따른 해결법을 제시하고자 한다.

Carbonaceous material prepared from oriental cherry can be used for the adsorption of zinc ion from an aqueous solution. Parameters such as pH (4-11), temperature (293-333 K), mixing intensity (10-120 rpm) and contact time (0.5- 90 min) were studied. Increasing pH (99.6% at pH 11) and temperature (99.8% at 333 K) caused an increase in adsorption capacity. A pseudo-equilibrium state was reached within 1 min of contact time. Removal efficiency of zinc ion remained constant regardless of mixing intensity. The adsorption equilibrium data were best represented by the Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The calculated maximum adsorption capacity was 3.541 mg/g. Thermodynamic studies demonstrated that the adsorption process was spontaneous with Gibb’s free-energy values ranging between -3.272 and -15.594 kJ/mol and endothermic with an enthalpy value of 86.984 kJ/mol. Therefore, carbonaceous material from oriental cherry was shown to have good potential for the adsorption of zinc ion.

The purpose of this study was to confirm the applicability of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) in the advanced sewage treatment process. Simulated influent was used in the operation of a laboratory scale reactor. The operation time of one cycle was 4 h and the reactor was operated for six cycles per day. The volume exchange ratio was 50%. The influent was injected in divisions of 25% to increase the removal efficiency of nitrogen in every cycle. As a result, the removal efficiencies of CODCr and TN in this reactor were 98.2% and 76.7% respectively. During the operation period, the AGS/MLVSS concentration ratio increased from 70.0% to 86.7%, and the average SVI30 was 67 mL/g. The SNR and SDNR were 0.073 0.161 kg NH4 +-N/kg MLVSS/day and 0.071 0.196 kg NO3 --N/kg MLVSS/day respectively. These values were higher or similar to those reported in other studies. The operation time of the process using AGS is shorter than that of the conventional activated sludge process. Hence, this process can replace the activated sludge process.

In this study, we evaluated anti-inflammatory effect of biji in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Biji inhibited the generation of NO and PGE2 through the suppression of iNOS and COX-2 expression. In addition, biji attenuated the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β induced by LPS. Biji blocked LPS-mediated IκB-α degradation and subsequently inhibited p65 nucleus accumulation in RAW264.7 cells, which indicates that biji inhibits NF-κB signaling. In addition, biji suppressed p38 phosphorylation induced by LPS. Our results suggests that biji may exert anti-inflammatory activity through blocking the generation of the inflammatory mediators such as NO, PGE2, iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α and IL-1β via the inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and p38. From these findings, biji has potential to be a candidate for the development of chemoprevention or therapeutic agents for inflammatory diseases.

In this research work, the effect of seawater in the synthesis of fly ash based geopolymer was investigated. Fly ash as a binder was mixed with alkaline activator. The activator used was a mixture of NaOH solution and liquid sodium silicate. The NaOH solution was prepared by dissolving NaOH pellets in seawater to 10mol/L. In this study, compressive strength testing, X-ray diffraction, mercury intrusion porosimetry, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy, and analyses for acid- and water-soluble chloride contents were carried out on hardened geopolymer paste samples.

For steel structure, corrosion problem can be a major maintenance area. Even with the same steel structure, corrosion damage can be changed depending on the location and form of thes structural member. In this study, rherefore, In order to evaluate the relative corrosion enviornmnet depending on the installed condition of the structural steel member, the corrosion deterioration environment was monitored for the large-size steel frame structure.

Corrosion durability of steel member can be related to its installed environmental conditions such as relative humidity, rainfall, atmospheric temperature, and air pollution(SO2, chloride). Also its installed environmental condition may differ depending on the shape of structural member. Therefore, In this study, to evaluate the difference in the corrosion damage according to the installation environment of steel structural members, outdoor exposure test was carried out from attaching unpainted monitoring plate and atmospheric corrosion monitoring sensor for actual steel bridge with various structural detail.

The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of spermine treatment on the growth, yield and quality in strawberry under low-temperature condition, and thereby develop a chemical method to minimize damages by low temperature in greenhouse cultivation. Spermine treatment significantly improved the growth of strawberry in terms of leaf number, leaf area, leaf length, leaf diameter, plant height and plant weight. The highest effect was observed in the 250 uM spermine treatment and the effect tended to be maintained during the entire growth period of 90 days. Fresh weight and dry weight were significantly different depending on the concentrations of spermine. Strawberry plants treated with 250 uM spermine showed higher fresh weight and dry weight compared to untreated control plants during the growth period. Fruit weight, fruit length and fruit diameter were relatively higher when treated with 100 μM spermine compared to other treatments. The fruit yield was the highest with 14 fruits per plant at 250 μM spermine treatment and the coloration of the fruit was the best at this treatment with the Hunter a and b values of 46.56 and 28.75, respectively. The hardness of strawberry fruit tended to increase higher than 2N at 250 μM and 500 μM 250 uM spermine treatment. The sugar content of strawberries treated with 250 μM spermine was 9.5 ° Bx which was 1.6 ° Bx higher compared to that in untreated control. However, spermine treatment did not affect the acidity of fruit and it remained 0.68-0.76% regardless of treatment concentrations. These results suggest that spermine treatment has a positive effect on the growth and productivity of strawberry fruit under abnormal low-temperature condition. The positive effect was the highest at 250 μM spermine treatment and gradually decreased in the order of 100 μM, 500 μM, and untreated control.

This study was conducted to investigate the removal characteristics of heavy metals and sulfate ion from acid mine drainage by porous zeolite-slag ceramics (ZS ceramics) that was prepared by adding wood flour as pore-foaming agent while calcining the mixtures of natural zeolite and converter slag. The batch test showed that the removal efficiency of heavy metals by pellet-type porous ZS ceramics increased as the particle size of wood flour was decreased and as the weight mixing ratio of wood flour to ZS ceramics was increased. The optimal particle size and weight mixing ratio of wood flour were measured to be 75 ㎛ and 7∼10%, respectively. The removal test with the porous ZS ceramics prepared in these optimal condition showed very high removal efficiencies: more than 98.4% for all heavy metals and 73.9% for sulfate ion. Relative to nonporous ZS ceramics, the increment of removal efficiency of heavy metals by porous ZS ceramics with 75 ㎛ and 10% wood flour was 5.8%, 60.5%, 36.9%, 87.7%, 10.3%, and 57.4% for Al, Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb, and Zn, respectively. The mechanism analysis of removal by the porous ZS ceramics suggested that the heavy metals and sulfate ion from acid mine drainage are eliminated by multiple reactions such as adsorption and/or ion exchange as well as precipitation and/or co-precipitation.

The mother machine makes the necessary shape by processing materials such as metal. The SCFs are applied to the processing surface when the mother machine processes the material, thereby improving the cutting conditions. SCFs contain high concentrations of organic components and nitrogen compounds, which can cause problems such as eutrophication and algae bloom. Therefore, proper treatment is required. Electrochemical treatment is expected to be an alternative to conventional processes, and to be useful in various wastewater treatments. Moreover, it is an efficient elimination technique for contaminants and has a simple equipment composition. In this study, the removal efficiency of the T-N contained in the waste SCF using electrochemical treatment is analyzed. The electrode was made of titanium and iridium, made into a perforated metal sheet to prevent an imbalance of the sample concentration in the reactor. Experiments were conducted to examine the effects of current density and the concentration of the supporting electrolyte (NaCl, Na2SO4) on removal efficiency. In the cases with 60 A/m2, 80 A/m2, and 100 A/m2 current densities, the removal efficiencies of the T-N contained in the waste SCF were 51.03%, 68.83%, and 79.58%. Comparing between the addition and non-addition of NaCl, the removal efficiency with the addition of NaCl (5 ~ 10 mM) was higher than for no addition at 60 min for all current densities. The addition of Na2SO4 increased the removal rate of the T-N, but it was less effective than NaCl addition.

Background: Hair loss related syndromes are increasing due to environmental pollution and stress. Hair care products are mainly prepared by mixing chemicals and natural extracts, such as those obtained from medicinal plants. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 70% ethanol extracts from the flowers of Calendula officinalis, fruit body of Phellinus linteus, and the whole plant of Houttuynia cordata on the growth of CCD-986 cells, hair follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPC), and 3T3-L1 cells. Methods and Results: All sample extracts at all concentrations, except for that from P. linteus fruit body at 500㎍/㎖, were cytotoxic to CCD-986 cells. However, none of the sample extracts were cytotoxic to HFDPC. The lipid differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells regulates hair regeneration via secretion of platelet derived growth factor. The 70% ethanol extract of H. cordata whole plant promoted hair growth. Adipogenesis rate significantly increased in a treatment concentration-dependent manner. Conclusions: These results suggest that 70% ethanol extracts of C. officinalis flower, P. linteus fruit body and H. cordata could be used for the development of hair care products.

전극 구성에 따른 고효율 전해정련공정의 일반적인 모델을 구축하기 위하여, 상미분방정식 인터페이스를 갖는 COMSOL Multiphysics V5.3 전착 모듈을 사용하여 수치해석을 실시하였다. 구축된 모델은 한국원자력연구원에서 제작한 실험실 규 모 (1kg 우라늄/day 규모) 다중배열전극 전해정련장치를 사용해 전극 간 거리, 전극 배열을 변수로 하여 실시한 실험의 전 류밀도-전위 곡선과 비교하였다. 공정온도는 500℃이다. 용융염은 3wt% UCl3가 포함된 LiCl-KCl 공융염을 사용하였다. 검 증된 모델을 이용하여 전류밀도-셀전위 곡선을 계산한 결과 전극 간 거리가 가까울수록, 전극 배열은 양극/음극 면적비가 증 가할수록 셀 전위가 낮아져 전해정련장치의 우라늄 처리효율을 향상시킬 수 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 접근은 고출력 사용후핵연료 전해정련기의 안전설계를 위한 데이터베이스 구축에 유용할 것이다.

석탄과 철광석은 산업발달의 시작부터 현재까지 지속적으로 사용되고 있다. 이에 따라 수반된 석탄 및 철광석 정제산업의 발달은 석탄철광폐수의 양적 증가를 초래하여 그 처리가 많은 관심 속에 활발하게 연구되고 있다. 석탄철광폐수는 페놀, 시안과 같은 독성 물질 뿐 만 아니라 혐기성미생물과 경쟁관계에 있는 황산염환원균활성증가를 초래하는 SO42-를 고농도로 함유한다. 이 석탄철광폐수의 처리법으로는 물리적, 화학적, 생물학적 처리가 다양하게 연구되어왔는데, 고농도의 폐수처리에 익히 알려진 혐기성미생물을 이용한 석탄철광폐수의 처리는 경제성과 재생에너지 측면에서 최근 큰 관심을 받고 있다. 하지만 폐수에 함유된 페놀, 시안, 등과 같은 독성물질이 생물학적 처리에 심각한 저해를 초래할 수 있어 문제로 지적되고 있으나 그 독성에 대한 현재까지의 연구는 미진한 형편이다. 이에 본 연구는 입상 혐기성미생물이 석탄철광폐수 소화 시 받게 되는 급성독성에 대하여 실험적 고찰을 진행하고 그 적응 방안을 연구하였다. 석탄철광폐수는 석탄철광정제의 완료시점에 실폐수 샘플을 채취하여 사용하였다. 폐수특성 분석결과 pH 7, 페놀 589±23 mg/L, 시안 49 mg/L, 암모니아성질소 39±9 mg/L, SO4-2는 735 mg/L이며 화학적 산소요구량은 3.9 g/L으로 나타났다. 석탄철광폐수에 대한 물벼룩 급성독성시험 결과 TU가 28로 매우 높게 측정되었다. 이 폐수에 UASB의 입상슬러지를 이용하여 혐기성소화를 수행하였다. 약 20일간 유기물 부하 0.6 g COD/L/day에서 초기 적응을 수행하였고, 혐기성소화조의 정상상태에서 COD 제거율은 98%, 메탄수율은 약 80 mL CH4/g COD로 나타났다. 이 혐기성소화조가 석탄철광폐수 유기물부하 0.76 g COD/L/day에 노출 되었을 경우 미생물의 활성을 모니터링한 결과, 폐수유입 즉시 메탄가스발생이 80% 이상 감소되는 강한 독성이 감지되었으며 COD 제거효율은 점차 감소하여 약 20일 후 10%로 낮아졌다. 유출수 내 페놀은 약 210 mg/L로 제거율 60%을 나타났지만 시안은 106 mg/L로 분해되지 않고 축적되어 유입 대비 2배가량 증가하였다. SO4-2 는 2000 mg/L로 급격하게 농도가 증가한 후 약 20일 후 1000 mg/L 이하로 감소하였다. 이로보아 석탄철광폐수 내 시안과 황화합물로 인하여 혐기성미생물 내의 메탄균의 저해가 이루어짐을 짐작할 수 있다. VFA 분석결과는 산발효균과 메탄발효균의 공생관계가 파괴되었음을 보여주었다. 더불어 높은 SO4-2 농도는 황산염환원균과의 경쟁이 유도될 수 있는 농도로 밝혀졌다. 이러한 석탄철광폐수의 급성독성은 고농도의 독성물질 제거를 위한 전처리 혹은 혐기성미생물의 적응기간이 필요함을 나타내었으며, 후자를 선택하여 약 30일 간 단계적인 미생물의 독성적응절차를 거친 결과 급성독성을 극복하고 유기물 및 페놀 분해가 점진적으로 가능함을 확인 하였다.

1970년대 수출주도 고도성장을 위해 정부는 조선･철강･기계 등의 중화학공업을 선택적으로 집중육성 하였다. 그 결과 일반기계산업은 1970년 수출 8백만불에서 2015년 현재 218,262백만불로 약 27,000배 이상 성장하였다. 일반기계산업에 있어 금속가공 공정은 필수적이며, 금속가공 공정에서 필요로 하는 것이 공작기계(Mother machine)와 절삭유(Soluble Cutting Fluids, SCF)이다. 절삭조건 개선에 사용되는 절삭유는 첨가제, 사용용도 등에 따라 원액으로 사용하는 비수용성과 물로 희석해서 사용하는 수용성으로 나뉜다. 국내 절삭유 이용량의 60%이상이 수용성 절삭유로 비수용성 절삭유의 오일미스트(Oil-mist), 폐유처리과정에서 유독성 물질 발생 등의 문제로 수용성 절삭유 사용량이 점차 증가하였다. 또한 절삭 성능 향상을 위한 방부제, 윤활제, 방청제, 부식방지제, 세정제, 극압 첨가제 등 각종 화학물질 첨가로 인해, 노출될 경우 췌장, 피부, 담낭, 방광, 소화기계 등 인체의 여러 조직에 암을 유발할 수 있으며, 각종 호흡기계 질환과 피부질환을 초래하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 인체에 미치는 영향 외에도 수용성 절삭유에는 고농도의 유기성분과 질소화합물 등이 함유되어 있어 적절한 처리 없이 수계로 유출시 부영양화, 녹조현상 등과 같은 문제를 일으킬 수 있으며 산화반응에 의해 수계의 용존산소를 감소시키므로 그 처리의 중요성이 부각되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 실공정에서 발생한 폐수용성절삭유를 원시료로 하여 대표적인 불용성 전극인 Ti/IrO2 전극을 이용하여 전기화학적 처리를 진행하였으며 연구에 사용한 장치의 모식도를 Fig. 1에, 시료의 성상을 Table 1에 나타내었다.

우리나라 경제의 성장을 이끈 기계산업은 2015년 현재 생산액 100조원, 사업체수 9,526개사, 종사자수 31만 5천명, 부가가치 39조원으로써 제조업 중 생산액 5위, 사업체수 2위, 종사자수 3위, 부가가치 4위에 위치하고 있다. 이러한 기계산업에 있어 공작기계를 이용해 금속을 원하는 모양으로 만드는 금속가공은 반드시 필요한 공정으로 금속가공 시 가공 장비의 수명 연장 및 가공물의 품질 향상을 위해 칩이 형성되는 영역에 적용되어 윤활 및 냉각작용을 하는 절삭유(Soluble Cutting Fluids, SCF)가 이용되고 있다. 절삭유는 수용성 및 비수용성으로 나뉘는데 비수용성 절삭유의 경우 윤활성은 우수하나 경제성 및 발연, 발화등의 문제점이 있으며, 수용성 절삭유는 윤활성은 비교적 떨어지나 냉각성과 경제성이 우수하다는 장점이 있다. 또한 절삭유는 기능 향상을 위해 PAH, 방부제, 파라핀계 염소, 아질산염 등 20~30개의 첨가제가 사용된다. 이는 중추신경계 장애, 이비인후 자극, 피부염 발생 등을 일으킬 위험성이 크다고 알려져 있으며, 고농도의 유기성분 및 질소화합물로 인해 수계에 유출시 부영양화, 녹조현상 등과 같은 문제를 일으킬 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 전기화학적 처리를 통해 반응시간에 따른 폐수용성 절삭유의 COD 및 T-N의 제거율 변화를 분석하였다. 전기화학적 처리의 중요 인자인 전극은 비교적 가격이 저렴하고 용출량이 낮은 것으로 알려져 있는 SUS316전극을 이용하였으며 자세한 실험 조건을 Table 1에, 연구에 사용한 장치의 모식도를 Fig. 1에 나타내었다.