The purpose of the study is to provide base data to the teachers, who are to manage the intramural sports clubs effectively, by examining the relationship between the motivations and the preferences of the middle school students in participating in the sc

문화콘텐츠는 기획에서 출발하여 창조산업으로 점차 고도화되고 글로벌화 되면서 사회커뮤니케이션 욕구를 충족시켜 다양한 형태로 발전하고 있다. 이 중 하나인 애니메이션산업이 해외시장에서의 경쟁력을 갖추기 위한 방안으로써 동. 서양 사상과 문화적 요소를 살펴보고, 이를 검증하기 위해 미국과 한국 대학생 100명을 대상으로 실험, 설문하여 관점의 차이를 살펴보았다. 그 결과를 토대로 동. 서양 애니메이션의 특징을 제시 하였다. 본 연구결과는 향후 한국 애니메이션의 글로벌 마케팅을 위한 애니메이션 제작 및 개발에 대한 근거가 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

The microstructure and mechanical properties of a copper alloy sheet processed by differential speed rolling (DSR) were investigated in detail. A copper alloy with thickness of 3 mm was rolled to a 50% reduction at ambient temperature without lubrication and with a differential speed ratio of 2.0:1. For comparison, conventional rolling (CR), in which the rolling speeds of the upper and lower rolls is 2.0 m/min, was also performed under the same rolling conditions. The shear strain of the sample processed by CR showed positive values at the positions of the upper roll side and negative values at the positions of the lower roll side. On the other hand, the sample processed by the DSR showed zero or positive shear strain values at all positions. However, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the as-rolled copper alloys did not show such significant differences between the CR and the DSR. The samples rolled by the CR and the DSR exhibited a typical deformation structure. In addition, the DSR processed samples showed a typical rolling texture in which 112<111>, 011<211> and 123<634> components were developed at all positions. Therefore, it is concluded that the DSR was very effective for the introduction of a uniform microstructure throughout the thickness of the copper alloy.

We conducted this study to investigate the quality characteristics of mashed red pepper(MRP) with different freezing(－20, －30, －40, －50, －60 or －70℃) and thawing(4, 10, 20, 30, 40 or 50℃) temperature. Frozen and thawed MRP was evaluated for ascorbic acid contents(AsA), capsaicinoids contents, free sugar contents, ASTA value, and flavor patterns. The AsA of frozen MRP with freezing temperature showed a range of 67.08～80.35 ㎎/100 g FW, and the mean AsA losses after frozen were 57～64% compared to raw red pepper. Capsaicinoids contents, free sugar contents, and ASTA values of frozen MRP with freezing temperature were no significant difference compared to raw red pepper. The AsA of thawed MRP with thawing temperature showed a range of 70.34～81.59 ㎎/100 g FW, and the mean AsA losses after thawed were 45.12～52.69% compared to raw red pepper. Capsaicinoids contents and free sugar contents of thawed MRP with thawing temperature were no significant difference compared to raw red pepper, whereas the ASTA value decreased according to the increasing of thawing temperature. Flavor patterns of thawed MRP after 20～50℃ thawing were clearly different from the raw red pepper. Overall, it is recommended that the best freezing and thawing temperature for preserving the quality of MRP is freezing at －20℃ and thawing at 10℃.

Priority rules or sequencing heuristics conventionally used to determine resource allocation is to maximize the earned value on time and cost. This study provides a effective strategy-oriented approach for the program resource management problem with limi

The Nemopilema nomurai is a large jellyfish attaining a weight of 200 kg and bell diameter of 2 m when fully grown. To prevent damage to this species, this study determined the acoustic characteristics of N. nomurai using frequencies 38 and 120 kHz. The CPUE of N. nomurai and the averaged SV of 38 and 120 kHz had a lower (+) correlation coefficient and relationship at 120 kHz (R=0.51) than at 38 kHz (R=0.15) was significant. In addition, the averaged SV at 120 kHz was higher than at 38 kHz. The δMVBS120-38 in section catches ≥97.8% wet mass of N. nomurai was -2.2 to 5.6 dB. The δTS120-38 in situ TS was extracted in sections catches of only N. nomurai by FMT. It was found that the averaged in situ δTS120-38 were at 0.6 and 0.1 dB. Furthermore, it results showed a close relationship between the bell diameter and TS of N. nomurai. The dominance of smaller N. nomurai (11.0~20.0 cm bell diameter in the air) corresponded to a similar proportion of low TS values (-69.0~-65.0 dB). A small number of larger N. nomurai (25.0~38.0 cm bell diameter in the air) were collected, in which TS values were the highest (-62.0~-58.0 dB).

The Nemopilema nomurai a very large jellyfish that has been found in the East China Sea and is now are migrating to Korea and Japan. To investigate the occurrence of N. nomurai based on the changing marine environment of the East China Sea, we conducted field survey in the early summer from 2006-2008. We observed the marine environment using CTD and the occurrence of N. nomurai using FMT and bottom trawling. We caught the most N. nomurai in 2007 and the fewest in 2008 and environment factors influencing its are more sensitive temperature than salinity. Large quantities of N. nomurai with a small bell diameter were caught in 2007 and large individuals with a significant bell diameter were caught in 2008. This appeared which between the catch and bell diameter of N. nomurai had (-) correlation (R=-0.988, p=0.098). Meanwhile, the spatial distribution of N. nomurai concentrations in lower salinity mixed seawater inflow in Changjiang Diluted Water.

본 연구에서는 풍진동 제어 기술의 하나로 현재 대부분의 초고층 건축물에 적용되고 있는 아웃리거 시스템에 댐퍼를 설치한 아웃리거 댐퍼 시스템에 대하여 수치해석모델과 상용 구조해석프로그램을 사용한 모델을 사용하여 최적설계 및 변수연구를 수행하였다. 먼저 아웃리거 댐퍼의 거동 특성을 반영하도록 상태방정식을 사용한 단자유도 수치 모델을 설계하였고 상용 구조해석 프로그램을 사용해서 최적설계를 위한 다자유도모델을 설계하였다. 강성이 고려되지 않고 오직 댐퍼의 감쇠에 의한 최적 위치는 최상층인 것으로 나타났지만 중간 이상의 층에서는 댐퍼의 높이에 따른 성능 변화가 크지 않기 때문에 강성과 감쇠가 복합적으로 운동에 참여하는 실제 구조물의 경우 최적의 위치가 최상층이 아닌 다른 층에 존재한다. 아웃리거 댐퍼시스템은 기존 일반적인 아웃리거 시스템과 비교할 때 가속도 응답을 줄이는데 있어 매우 효과적인 것을 확인하였다.

본 연구는 문헌분석, 전문가 의견 반영, 현장확인 과정을 통해 서울시 보호야생 동식물 종을 선정하고, 보호종의 잠재적인 서식처를 제시하여 체계적인 보호종 관리가 이루어질 수 있도록 기초자료를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구대상지는 서울시 전체 605.52km2를 대상으로 하였다. 서울시 자연생태와 관련한 학술논문과 연구보고서 등 57편을 분석한 결과 5개 분류군에서 총 1,907종이 서식 및 생육하고 있는 것으로 파악되었다. 이 중 식물이 1,645종으로 전체의 86.7%를 차지하고 있었고, 야생조류 197종(10.3%), 양서 파충류 29종(1.5%), 포유류 27종(1.4%) 순으로 나타났다. 1차 후보종은 전체 종에서 외래종, 환경부 관련 법적 보호종, 보통종, 불확실종을 제외한 것으로 총 440종이 선정되었다. 분류군별로는 식물 212종, 야생조류 180종, 포유류 24종, 양서 파충류 24종이었다. 곤충류는 조사대상이 광범위하고 각 문헌별 조사자료가 특정 속에 국한되어 있어 문헌분석에 의한 출현종 분석은 제외하였다. 2차 후보종은 멸종위기성, 희귀성, 역사 문화성 및 지역성, 학술적 가치, 서식처 특이성의 선정기준을 바탕으로 1차 후보종 내에서 분류군별 전문가 평가를 통해 후보종을 선정하였다. 전문가 평가에 의한 2차 후보종 선정 결과 총 77종이 선정되었다. 분류군별로는 식물 25종, 야생조류 21종, 포유류 5종, 양서 파충류 10종, 곤충류 16종이었다. 최종 후보종 선정을 위해 2차 후보종에 대한 현장조사를 실시하였다. 서식처 확인을 위한 대상지는 각 문헌별로 제시되어 있는 2차 후보종의 서식지역과 서울시의 자연성이 양호한 잠재지역 46개소를 선정하였다. 현장조사 결과 2차 후보종 중 식물 14종, 야생조류 19종, 포유류 2종, 양서 파충류 4종, 곤충류 16종이 실제 서울시내에서 분포 또는 서식하고 있는 것으로 확인하여 최종 보호종 55종을 도출하였다.

본 연구는 한라산국립공원의 동 서사면에 자생하는 좀꽝꽝나무 아개체군의 환경특성을 파악하기 위하여 환경요인, 식생 및 토양분석을 실시하였다. 한라산국립공원의 동 서사면 해발고 500m~1600m 내에 설정한 56개 조사지를 대상으로 TWINSPAN 분석결과 주목-산개벚지나무군집, 당단풍나무군집, 개서어나무-굴거리나무군집, 졸참나무군집, 곰솔군집 등 5개의 유형으로 구분되었다. 이 중 좀꽝꽝나무 아개체군의 우점치가 높은 군집은 개서어나무-굴거리나 무군집으로 해발고 600m~1200m 지점에 포함되며, 교목상층의 우점종은 개서어나무(I.P.: 29.82%)이고 아교목층의 우점종은 굴거리나무(I.P.: 26.76%), 관목층은 좀꽝꽝나무(I.P.: 33.08%)이었다. 이곳의 토양은 유기물함량, 유효인산 및 Ca, Mg의 양료가 많은 곳이다. 좀꽝꽝나무 아개체군의 우점치가 높은 곳은 동쪽사면 해발고 600m~800m, 서쪽사면 해발고 800m~1,000m 부근으로 이곳은 냉온삼림대 남부에 해당되는 곳으로 개서어나무의 우점치가 높고 종다양도지수도 0.7427로 낮은 편으로 개서어나무의 극상림을 형성한 안정된 상태로 보인다.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a herd specific vaccine against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) by different inoculation route, IMI (intramammary injection), Koso, and supramammary lymphnode area. Based on strains of S. aureus from a case of acute clinical mastitis in Daekwanryeong farm, two experimental vaccines were made, inactivated vaccine and sonicated one. To determine the antigen concentration of the vaccine, 220 ICR-mice were immunized by the intraperitoneal route with inactivated or sonicated experimental vaccines according to different schedules with 10 ICR mice as a control group. The sonicated vaccine was selected for further experiments in vaccination and the highest antibody titer in ELISA was observed at 3㎎/㎖ of the vaccine. The vaccine was administrated to 22 healthy cows at drying up. The quarter milk samples and bloods were collected before vaccination, right after parturition and 3 months postpartum. There were no significant differences among vaccination routes based on the antibody titers in serum and intramammary bacterial infections during drying up period. The antibody titer in serum of vaccinated cows was higher at parturition than 3 months postpartum but it had no statistical meaning, though decreased clinical signs and morbidity were observed. Results of this study suggest that the concept of the vaccine against S. aureus is to decreasing clinical mastitis rather than preventing the disease.

The effects of conventional rolling (CR) and differential speed rolling (DSR) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a copper alloy sheet were investigated in detail. A copper alloy with thickness of 3 mm was rolled to a 50% reduction at ambient temperature without lubrication with a differential speed ratio of 2:1; sample was then annealed for 0.5h at various temperatures from 100 to 800˚C. Conventional rolling, in which the rolling speed of the upper and lower rolls is identical, was performed under the same rolling conditions. The shear strain introduced by the CR showed positive values at positions on the upper roll side and negative values at positions on the lower roll side. However, the shear strain showed a zero or positive value at all positions for the samples rolled by the DSR. The microstrucure and mechanical properties of the as-rolled copper alloy did not show very significant differences between the CR and DSR for the microstructure and mechanical properties. However, those properties showed very significant differences in the case of the annealed samples. The effects of rolling method on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the as-rolled and subsequently annealed materials are discussed in terms of the shear strain.

A heat pipe heat sink which is possible to frozen start up at the lower than -20℃ by using a VCHP was designed, manufactured and tested. The VCHP uses water and nitrogen gas as the working fluid and non-condensable gas. The test results showed that the VCHP heat sink started up successfully at the range of -20 to -30℃ of the ambient temperature and 1000 to 2600W of the heat flow rate. The thermal resistance of the VCHP heat sink decreased as increased the heat flow rate and the ambient temperature since the active zone of VCHP increased.

본 연구에서는 풍진동제어를 위한 제어기 설계에 있어서 시스템식별에 기반한 모델의 차수 축소가 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 실제 제어기 설계에 있어서 구조해석 모델이 이용될 수 없고 시스템식별이라는 중간과정을 거쳐서 얻어진 모델이 적용됨을 반영하여 원모델을 대상으로 풍하중에 대한 시간이력해석을 수행하고 이를 기초로 시스템식별을 수행하였다. 시스템식별을 통해 얻어진 상태방정식 모델에 모델축소 기법을 적용하였으며, 시스템식별에서 발생하는 측정잡음이 측정잡음이 모델의 정확도와 제어효과에 미치는 영향을 함께 검토하였다. 또한 모델축소 기법을 적용하여 얻어진 다양한 차수의 모델을 대상으로 제어기를 설계하고 성능을 비교함으로써 모델 차수가 제어효과에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다.

A system approach for studying the engine dynamic characteristics requires a cranktrain flexible body dynamic model including crankshaft, connecting rod and piston. By using a multi-body dynamics code, LMS Virtual Lab, rigid body dynamic model and flexible multi-body dynamic model were established. From these models, the dynamic loads acting on the crankshaft were calculated. Rigid model for V12 engine cranktrain with components connected by kinematical constraints was transformed into a flexible model by replacing rigid crankshaft and connecting rods with flexible ones. And to secure the credibility of flexible body model, three kinds of flexible models were tried, i.e. a model with a fully flexible crankshaft, model with a partially flexible crankshaft(1/6 of the whole length), and a partial detailed flexible model(with finer meshes). The results from each model were compared, and a partial detailed model with finer meshes was found to give reasonable stress values within relatively short period of computing time.

The purpose of this research is to determine the motivational relationship between a school sports c lub and school life adjustment, and to establish the effect of a school sports club. This research can al so be helpful to determine what kind of school s

Epithelioid hemangioma is an unusual, which was at first described as angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) in 1969 and misinterpreted as the same disease with Kimura’s disease. But now it represents a distinctive vascular tumor, a different entity with those inflammatory conditions. Here, we present a case of epithelioid hemangioma appearing as a diffuse gingival nodular mass in 33‐year‐old male who had suffered from the idiopathic sharp pain of left mandible area previously and later extended to left maxillary region, therefore the gingival lesion was clinically estimated as malignancy associated with neural invasion. CT images revealed the soft tissue mass restricted to left maxillary gingiva without infiltration to underlying maxillary alveolar bone. Histologically, the circumscribed soft tissue mass consist of solid sheets of epithelioid to spindled cells, expressing reactivity for neither cytokeratin AE1/3 nor HMB‐45, but for CD31, endothelial cell marker. Therefore, the lesion was pathologically diagnosed as epithelioid hemangioma. Diagnostic evaluation for the neurologic symptoms of the patient revealed the trigeminal neuralgia, accompanying with the present epithelioid hemangioma incidentally. Awareness of epithelioid hemangioma should be emphasized not to be misdiagnosed as malignant disease like an invasive squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, or angiosarcoma. Proper evaluation and interpretation for neural symptom may lead to the correct differential diagnosis and therapeutic intervention

본 연구는 기 조성된 옥상녹화지의 동 식물상 모니터링을 통해 옥상녹화지의 생태적 변화를 관찰하기 위한 목적으로 수행되었다. 대상지는 서울여대 행정관 옥상녹화지역으로 조성 당시인 2005년과 2009년 현재 식재 식물의 생존여부와 이입식물, 출현 동물군 중 곤충을 중심으로 비교 분석하였다. 식재당시인 2005년의 경우, 식물은 식재종 26과 100종이었으나, 2009년 조사 결과 23과 62종으로 나타났다. 이 중 식재식물은 14과 40종으로 줄었으며, 이입식물은 11과 22종이 출현하였다. 곤충은 2009년 총 9목 7과 21종이 출현하였으며, 육안조사법으로 8목 15과 19종, 먹이 유인포획법으로 5목 5과 5종이 발견되었다. 곤충은 주로 비행하여 대상지에 출현한 것으로 보이며, 문헌조사로 밝혀진 곤충의 특성과 연관하여 분석한 결과 대상지의 식물을 식수로 이용하거나, 서식처로 사용하는 등 식물과 밀접한 연관성을 보였다.