This study aims to enhance kiosk accessibility for digitally vulnerable users by designing and implementing a new type of kiosk interface that integrates AI-based motion and speech recognition technologies with gamification elements. Users can explore functions without touch using hand gestures and naturally learn how to operate the system through immersive interactions with mini-games. To evaluate the system’s effectiveness, a Focus Group Interview (FGI) was conducted with older adults, and a heuristic evaluation was carried out with UI/UX experts. The results showed that the proposed interface effectively lowered entry barriers and encouraged repeated use. However, some improvements were identified in visual guidance elements. This study goes beyond conventional UI improvements and serves as an experimental attempt to innovate kiosk user experience through AI technologies and gamified design.

The number of significant issues on many welding processes are often connected to high productivity and manufacturability at low costs. The research on welding processes in the literature has reported several research activities, but there is still scope for improvement in most industrial settings. The primary goal of this research is to determine the best super-TIG welding settings to use for groove welding. First, in order to determine the quality characteristics and risks associated with them, concepts and frameworks of quality by design (QbD) which is a new standard in pharmaceutical area in order to improve drug qualities were integrated into this process optimization. Second, stepwise experimental design approaches including a factorial design as well as a response surface methodology (RSM) were customized and performed for this specific automated super-TIG welding process. Third, based on experimental design results, the optimal operating conditions with both design space (i.e., acceptable range of operating conditions) and safe operating space (i.e., safe range of operating conditions) were obtained. Finally, a case study including QbD steps, stepwise experimental design approaches, design and operating spaces, the optimal factor settings, and their association validation results was conducted for verification purposes.

The casting manufacturing process of aluminum automotive wheels often involves processing various wheel models during stages such as flow forming, machining, packaging, and delivery. Traditionally, separate equipment or production lines were required for each model, which led to higher facility investment costs and increased labor costs for classification. However, the implementation of machine learning-based model classification technology has made it possible to automatically and accurately distinguish between different wheel models, resulting in significant cost savings and enhanced production efficiency. Additionally, this approach helps prevent product mix-ups during the final inspection process and allows for the quick and precise identification of wheel models during packaging and delivery, reducing shipping errors and improving customer satisfaction. Despite these benefits, the high cost of machine learning equipment presents a challenge for small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs) to adopt such technologies. Therefore, this paper analyzes the characteristics of existing machine learning architectures applicable to the automotive wheel manufacturing process and proposes a custom CNN(Convolutional Neural Network) that can be used efficiently and cost-effectively.

In relation to studying board games, rather than studying web board games, there are some things and problems that try to use this bouncing and facts, and the distinction between web board games is distorted, and problems such as games and immersion occur along with gambling processing, and despite the efforts of related organizations, there are cases where this is used, and it is a web situation that requires examining the results and establishing an effective degree. Based on the current status of the domestic web board game industry, this paper proposes realistic measures to reduce illegal use, so that illegal activities can be reduced in the long term. In addition, the establishment of measures to prevent illegal use of web board games will focus on countermeasures for each type of illegal use, and propose measures to prevent illegal use of web board games. The most important thing is that game users should not hope for luck or think of making a profit through illegal means before participating in the game. As adults, they are primarily responsible for their own actions and are not protected against illegal use. Game users should first have a mature awareness of game use. Based on the results of this study, future discussions should be held on research on more effective policies to prevent illegal use of web board games that can protect game users, as well as on ways to improve self-regulation that can replace legal regulations.

In the context of increasingly uncertain maritime logistics environments, container Demurrage and Detention (D&D) charges pose a significant challenge to both carriers and shippers. Traditional policies typically impose separate cost structures for container pickup (demurrage) and container return (detention), yet such separate impositions often fail to capture the interconnected nature of operational delays and the pervasive uncertainty present in hinterland container flows. This study addresses the problem of D&D decision-making under uncertainty by proposing a merged free time policy that integrates both D&D charges into a unified framework. By merging the free time allocated for both pickup and return processes, the proposed policy aims to enhance operational flexibility, reduce overall logistics costs, and provide a more predictable cost structure for carriers while improving service quality for shippers. To achieve these objectives, we develop a mathematical optimization model that incorporates stochastic pickup and return scenarios, thereby reflecting the uncertainties in container availability and transportation delays. The model embeds a strategic decision-making process between carriers and shippers through a hierarchical framework to jointly optimize free time allocations and penalty structures. Numerical experiments based on simulated data demonstrate that the merged free time policy outperforms traditional separate policies by improving container turnover efficiency and mitigating the negative impact of uncertainty on operational performance. Our findings offer valuable insights into cost management and risk reduction in maritime logistics and contribute to the literature by providing a comprehensive strategy for D&D management that supports more collaborative hinterland container operations and enhances overall supply chain resilience.

이주의 시대를 맞이하여 오늘날 한국으로 이주해 오는 이주민이 많아지고 있다. 이에 따라 이주민과 상호문화적인 의사소통을 할 수 있는 이주민 선교가 절실히 요구되고 있다. 그런데 상호문화적인 의사 소통을 위해서는, 우리와 이주민이 문화적으로 서로 다른 존재라는 점을 인식하면서도 동시에 우리와 이주민은 같은 사람으로 그리 다르지 않은 존재라는 점을 인식해야 한다. 그래서 본 소논문에서는 정주민과 이주민이 같은 사람이라는 점을 인식하는 데 도움을 주는 하나님의 형상 해석이 무엇인지 탐구해보고자 했다. 탐구 결과, 기존에 제기되었 던 하나님의 형상에 관한 해석들이 정주민과 이주민이 같은 사람이라는 점을 드러내는 데 한계를 지니고 있음을 확인하였다. 따라서, 그동안 보통 하나님의 형상으로 이해되지 못했던 ‘이주자로서의 하나님의 형상’이, 정주민과 이주민 모두 하나님 앞에서 같은 존재라는 점을 잘 드러낼 수 있다고 제안한다. 끝으로, 적절한 이주민 선교에 도움이 되기 위해서, 경계를 넘는 이주자에서 드러나는 하나님의 형상을 고려 할 것을 강력히 주장한다.

This study presents the implementation of a direct power control (DPC) system based on virtual flux for an eco-friendly ship utilizing a low voltage DC distribution within a Simulink environment. The proposed system regulates the DC bus voltage and the instantaneous power of the generator. The electrical load of the generator is classified into three levels (low, medium, and high) and subjected to ±10% variations. Under these conditions, the characteristics of the DC bus voltage and current, instantaneous active and reactive power as well as the voltage and current of the generator, are thoroughly analyzed. The simulation results indicate that the DC bus voltage and instantaneous active and reactive power remain stable and well-regulated at their set-points despite load fluctuations. Furthermore, the voltage and current of the generator, consistently maintain sinusoidal waveforms and remain in phase. These findings validate the effectiveness of the proposed virtual flux-based direct power control strategy, demonstrating its suitability for DC distribution applications in maritime vessels.

Reconstructing reliable length composition data is critical for applying length-based age-structured stock assessment models, particularly in data-limited situations. This study suggests an approach to reconstruct the length composition of small yellow croaker (Larimichthys polyactis) caught by the offshore gillnet fishery in Korean waters where existing length data often lack temporal coverage and representativeness. To address this issue, measured data by size-specific boxes were integrated with auction-based landing data. Using the number of individuals per size-specific box as a proxy, a nonparametric bootstrap resampling method was applied to generate probabilistic length composition estimates. Normality tests and ANOVA revealed non-normal and non-linear patterns in data, supporting the use of nonparametric methods and the classification of size-specific boxes. Approximately 130,000 boxes (30 million individuals), including those with partial missing data, were analyzed using an automated R-based workflow, and a hot-deck method was used for imputation. The reconstructed length compositions showed stable distributions with low standard errors, indicating improved representativeness compared to the raw data. This approach provides a practical framework for generating reliable length composition inputs to enable the application of length-based age-structured stock assessment models, particularly when age composition data are limited or poor.

한국 교회의 국내외 복음화 사역을 부흥시킨 주된 주역은 단연코 단기 선교 사역이다. 하지만 단기 선교 사역으로 인한 여러 구조적 문제와 한계가 오랜 시간 동안 지적되어 온 것도 사실이다. 대표적인 문제로는 단기 선교가 지닌 일회적이고 피상적인 성격, 현지 문화의 관습, 언어, 사회-정치적 상황, 전통, 상식 등에 대한 이해와 감수성 부족, 재정적 비용과 환경적 부담으로 인한 비효율성 문제가 있다. 본 논문은 이러한 문제를 검토하는 한편, 이에 대한 적절한 대응 방안으 로서 웨슬리안 선교 신학의 핵심 원리를 존 웨슬리의 설교와 논문, 그리고 국내 외 관련 연구를 통해 끌어낸다. 본 논문에서 필자가 제시한 핵심 원리는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 성화의 원리, 둘째, 사랑으로 역사하는 믿음의 원리, 셋째, 청지기적 윤리관이다. 필자는 이러한 원리를 토대로 단기 선교가 단발적인 봉사나 참여자 중심의 체험 이벤트가 아닌 신자 개개인의 지속적인 신앙 성장과 현지 교회와의 긴밀한 공동체적 협력 및 신뢰 관계 구축을 견인할 실천과 훈련의 장으로서 활용될 실천 방안을 제시한다.

This study aimed to enhance the operational efficiency and safety of offshore eel trap fisheries by developing six types of automated fishing equipment: a bait crusher, bait cutter, main line arranging device, trap cleaning device, eel sorting device, and fish pump system. Sea trials demonstrated that the bait crusher and bait cutter significantly reduced manual labor and processing time while maintaining bait quality. The main line arranging device improved productivity and safety by automating the sorting of looped cords. The trap cleaning device effectively removed fouling organisms using high-pressure water and rotating brushes. The eel sorting device enabled automatic size-based selection, improving resource management and operational efficiency. The fish pump system transferred eels rapidly with minimal physical damage, reducing unloading time by over 80% and decreasing labor requirements. A satisfaction survey of fishery participants confirmed that all developed devices were highly effective in reducing workload, enhancing safety, and improving operational performance. The automated equipment developed in this study is expected to contribute to the sustainable management of offshore eel trap fisheries and to offer potential applicability to other coastal and offshore fisheries.

본 연구는 ｢과학기술 활용 주민공감 지역문제 해결사업｣사례를 통해 공동창조의 중심이 되는 스스로해결단을 중심으로 실제 현장에서 사회문제해결을 위한 협력이 어떻게 이루어지 는지를 분석하였다. 스스로해결단은 주민, 지자체, 연구자, 기술전문가 등 다양한 이해관계자가 참여·협업해 지역 현안을 발굴하고 과학기술을 활용해 해결방안을 도출하는 실행 조직으로서 그 역할과 운영 방식은 사업마다 달랐다. 스스로해결단에서의 역할과 협력을 분석, 비교하기 위해 경북 군위군과 인천 미추홀구의 지역문제해결사업을 사례로 선정했다. 반구조화된 질문을 통해 참여 동기와 사업에 대한 기대, 각 참여자의 활동 내용, 활동 과정에서의 어려움, 성과에 대한 평가 등에 대한 답변을 수집하고 분석했다. 분석 결과 스스로해결단의 활동과 성과는 지역주민, 연구자, 담당공무원의 역할 인식과 상호작용의 내용에 따라 상당한 차이를 보였다. 미추홀구의 사례에서 연구자와 담당공무원은 지역주민을 문제해결의 주체로 인식하고 대등한 관계에서 적극적인 만남과 상호작용을 통해 문제를 해결해 나갔다. 반면 군위군 사례의 경우 지역주민은 수동적 의견 청취 대상으로 역할이 제한되었으며 지속적인 상호작용을 통한 수평적 협업의 주체로 나아가지 못했다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 시민성과 전문성의 결합을 통한 사회문제 해결과 관련된 정책적 함의와 교훈을 제시했다.

본 연구는 정부의 소부장 1.0과 2.0 정책을 임무지향형 R&D 관점으로 접근 하여 경제적 파급효과를 조사한다. 분석 기간은 2016년부터 2023년까지이며, 2020년을 기준으로 전후 4개년의 정부 소부장 R&D 지원 과제에 대한 성과로 보고된 기술기여매 출액 데이터와 한국은행 2020년 산업연관표를 활용하여 경제적 효과(생산유발효과, 부가 가치유발효과, 전·후방 연쇄효과)의 차이와 영향을 분석한다. 분석 결과, 첫째, R&D 지원정책 변화 자체는 전방 연쇄효과를 향상시키지만, 생산유발 및 부가가치유발과 같은 실질적 경제 효과로 유의하게 이어지지는 않는다. 이는 정부가 공급망 위기 극복을 위해 파급효과가 큰 핵심 품목에 집중함으로써 산업 구조 내 영향력이 높은 품목에 대한 지원 강화를 도모하였으나, 그 자체가 경제적 효과를 완성하는데 한계가 있음을 보여준다. 둘째, R&D 과제 수행자의 성과효율성이 높을수록 생산유발효과와 부가가치유발효과가 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 임무지향형 R&D 정책의 성공 여부가 민관 협력 및 민간 부문의 혁신 역량에 크게 좌우됨을 보여준다. 이러한 결과는 임무지향형 R&D 정책 추진 시 우수한 수행자를 선별하여 참여시키는 노력이 있어야만 실제 경제적 성과 달성에 이를 수 있음을 시사한다. 본 연구는 소부장 R&D 지원정책을 임무지향형 R&D 프레임 으로 규정하고 산업연관분석을 통해 정책효과를 평가하는 새로운 방식을 제공한다. 이 연구는 정부 R&D 투자 전략 수립 시 민간의 역량을 고려한 수행자 선별의 중요성을 실증 적으로 제시하여 향후 정책 실행면에서 효과성을 제고하는데 기여할 것으로 본다.