이 논문은 남중국해의 바위섬들에 관한 상설중재재판소가 내린 판결에서 남 중국해에 산재해 있는 암석들은 해양법 협약 제121조 제3항의 내용을 갖춘 주 민이 거주하며 독자적 경제생활을 유지시켜나갈 수 있는 지형적 능력을 가지지 못하고 있다고 판단한 것을 보고 독도가 이러한 섬으로서 요건을 갖추지 못하 고 있다는 점에서 향후 이에 대한 입장을 살펴본 것이다. 중재재판소는 이 조 항에 관한 해석기준으로 각 국가들이 일관성 있는 기준의 관행이 성립하지 아 니한 상태에서 향후 국가관행은 이 상설중재재판소의 기준에 따르는 새로운 추세가 나올 것으로 생각하고 있다. 이러한 판례의 입장에서 살펴보면 독도와 그 인접 바위섬은 독자적인 경제생활을 유지시켜나갈 수 있거나 인간이 거주할 수 있는 생활터전으로서 주거가 가능하다고 단정할 역사적 증거도 쉽지 않은 점은 솔직히 인정할 수밖에 없을 것이다. 그럼에도 불구하고 독도에 대한 기존 의 인식을 쉽게 바꾸기는 더욱더 어려운 실정임도 사실이다. 기존의 일관된 독 도에 대한 인식은 역사적으로 일관되게 우리나라의 울릉도 제도의 일부를 구성 하고 있고 역사적으로도 우리나라의 고유영토이며 국가권력의 행사로서 실효 적으로 지배하고 있는 우리영토에 속한다는 것이다. 이러한 기존의 입장을 고 수해 나가기 위해서는 독도가 해양법협약 제121조 제3항의 내용을 충족하도록 인간이 거주할 수 있는 암석 또는 독자적인 경제생활을 유지할 수 있는 바위섬 이라는 입증을 해 나가야 한다. 이 사건을 통해서 본 결론은 역사적 증거(historic evidence)로써 독도 지형에 서 농경이 가능하고 식량과 자연적 식수원이 있어 사람이 거주할 수 있다는 거 주시설이 갖추어졌을 때 독도를 기점으로 한 해양수역을 가질 수 있다는 방향 을 제시하고 있다고 생각한다.

집나방과의 상제집나방(신칭, Saridoscelis kodamai Moriuti)을 한국과 중국에서 처음으로 기록한다. 또한, 상제집나방아과(신칭, Saridoscelinae)를 한국에서 처음으로 보고한다. 상제집나방의 성충 외형과 생식기의 사진을 제공한다. 국내에서 상제집나방의 발생에 관해 채집 기기 및 기존의 기주식물 기록과 비교해 논의한다

China’s economic success and trade expansion since the 1980s is one of the most important economic achievements, which lifted more populations out of extreme poverty than any other time and place in history. This achievement has been made possible by trade-led development policies successfully adopted by China. China also joined the WTO in 2001, after fifteen years of negotiations with its trade partners, and is subject to WTO legal disciplines requiring the transparency of its trade-related decisions and procedures. This article examines China’s economic reform, which led to its accession into the WTO, and reviews China’s trade and development policies under the WTO. In addition, this article discusses China’s participation in the WTO Dispute Settlement Procedure. There has been a concern as to whether China will be compliant with the requirements under the Dispute Settlement Understanding (DSU). The article shows that China has become an active participant and has maintained well under the terms of the DSU.

On January 16, 2016, AIIB declared its opening for business. Ever since its announcement by Chinese leaders in 2013, AIIB has been warmly embraced by most countries of the world. But still, neither the US nor Japan have become the AIIB members. Both of them take a rather cautious approach, viewing AIIB more as a challenge to the existing international financial order. By comparison, this paper finds that each country casts similar doubts. The US places its focal point more on ‘China-led’ rather than ‘new MDB.’ Japan focuses more on ‘new MDB’ instead of ‘China-led,’ meanwhile considering how to cope with the dilemma between the US and China. Orienting itself towards a more balanced international economic order, this paper attempts to seek a kind of positive cooperation based on the coordination of tri-lateral interests, thus suggesting the US and Japan to join AIIB as an external supervisor and internal member respectively.

The practice of International Investment Agreements (IIAs) has developed immensly during the past 15 years. In particular, China has gained significant experience in concluding IIAs, adapting to concerns raised following an overflow of investor state disputes. This article analyzes an interesting case-study: an investment promotion agreement signed and negotiated between China and Israel (CIBIT) during the 1990s, however ratified more than a decade later, in 2009, without modifying or updating its contents. This commentary identifies major gaps in the CIBIT, including those concerning its preamble, key definitions of ‘Investment’ and ‘Investor’, standard of protection: FET, MFN, NT, and ISDS provisions, vis-à-vis the wider transformation of international investment law. Special emphasis is given to China’s change in approach to investment and IIAs. The growing economic ties between China and Israel, including recent discussions about a free trade agreement, requires a thorough understanding of the risks and benefits of the CIBIT. Therefore, the commentary concludes with an outline of a strategic roadmap for the future revision of the CIBIT.

Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPP), known as the ‘economic’ NATO Agreement dominated by the United States, will impose profound influence on the politics, economy, society and intellectual property system in China. There are deep-seated reasons why the US are extremely active to make TPP signed and why China is ruled out in the course of the negotiations. Since China has entered into the WTO, the domestic and international market is closely related, and TPP must have significant impact on China’s international market. With regard to the influence, China shall take efficient measures to cope with, including: dealing with issues appropriately regarding its economic sovereignty, based on its own situations, promoting of negotiations on free trade agreement, keeping on improving the hard and soft power in intellectual property, fully taking advantages of “the Belt and Road Strategy” and exploring new market; and getting ready for constant adaptation to TPP rules and the like.

This study aimed to examine the health-related lifestyle habits and eating behaviors according to gender, ethnicity, and residence type of university students in Yanbian, China. Self-administered questionnaires were collected from 302 university students. Of the male students, 12.1% and 42.0% were in the underweight and overweight groups, respectively, and of the female subjects, 21.3% and 16.3%, were in those respective groups. More male than female students preferred the overweight body somatotype. In contrast, about 49.4% of female students were hoping to be underweight, and female students had more obvious difficulties with body somatotype perception, whereas their exercise frequency and time spent exercising per day were much less than those of male students. More Chinese than Korean-Chinese subjects exhibited regular eating habits, which included eating at the same time everyday and at the same frequency per day; these habits were, accompanied by generally healthier lifestyle habits regarding regularity of activity and exercise time. Self-boarding students had a significantly higher BMI (23.7±5.1 kg/m2) and were more likely to be overweight (43.5%) as compared to students who lived in a dormitory or with family. Salty taste was preferred by Chinese students more than Korean-Chinese students, and greasy taste was preferred by Korean-Chinese students as compared with Chinese students. This study found that inherent and environmental factors are related with the dietary behaviors of university students in Yanbian, China. Further studies are required to elucidate the structural elements of family life and the sociocultural factors associated with dietary behaviors in Yanbian.

The rice growing area in Yunnan province of China can be divided into six regions based on climate weather conditions, altitude, ecotype of rice varieties, eco-system, and so on as follows: the alpine and high elevation area of Japonica rice, the cold and warm area of Japonica rice, the Indica and Japonica rice area, the single and double cropping area, the paddy and upland rice area, and the single cropping area of Indica rice. In Yunnan, the annual acreage of rice cultivation has been maintained about 1 million hectares, only 3.8 percent of China’s paddy fields. Amounts of unhulled rice production in 2013 was estimated to be around 6.7 million tons. And average unhulled rice yield per ha was 5.79 tons to 6.70 tons during 2011 to 2013. The three major breeding stages commonly have been for rice breeding program: selection of purelines from native varieties by the first 1960s.: dissemination of introduced varieties from foreign countries in the mid 1960s through 1970s; and creation of new developed varieties by hybridization followed by selection after 1980s. In terms of developing Joponica rice variety, its breeding objectives has been set differently depending on altitude: high yielding, grain quality, cold tolerance, and adaptable to low nitrogen fertilizer varieties for growing in areas of 2,100 m to 2,600 m above the sea level; high yielding, grain quality, resistance to disease, and cold tolerance varieties for cultivating in areas of 1,800 m to 2,100 m; and high yielding, grain quality, resistance to disease, and lodging tolerance varieties for planting in areas of 1,450 m to 1,800 m. In addition, researchers are breeding Japonica hybrid varieties for improving yield potentials in Yunnan Agricultural University.