The main objective of this study is to analyze the preservation and management for the city wall ruins of China, and to find out the implications. Firstly, Chinese walls have experienced a process from demolition to protection. The walls of the historical value of the site are gradually being certified, and many walls ruins were designated as a conservation unit. Secondly, China’s institutional system is based on the central government issued Cultural Relics Protection Law and combined with the actual situation of local governments to establish a special law. Management System is Cultural Relics Bureau, the planning department, the garden department and the tourism sector joint implementation. Thirdly, through the study of Nanjing, Xian, Pingyao, Suzhou city wall ruins finding that perfect legislation and unified management system to help protect city wall ruins.

This study was conducted to survey the perception and preferences of customers that have dined at Korean restaurants in China and investigate the importance and performance level of quality attributes, customer satisfaction, revisit intention and recommendation intention. The survey was conducted January 31~March 1, 2016 in China. The 293 questionnaires (97.7%) were analyzed using SPSS(Ver. 23.0) and AMOS(Ver. 21.0). Results of this study are as follow: Customers that dined at a Korean restaurant in China were composed of 157 women and 136 men. Regarding the reason for preferring Korean cuisine, taste, hygiene and nutritional value of Korean food were the most significant quality factors. Regarding complaints about Korean food, Chinese people placed much emphasis on freshness of ingredients when dining out, based on the majority of complaints about ingredients that were not fresh. The main reason for leftover food were personal eating habits and that of customers revisiting food taste and nutrition. Path model among customer satisfaction, revisit intention and recommendation intention revealed the factor of menus and attributes of menu items regarding customer’s age that had an impact on customers’ satisfaction, and association with customers’ satisfaction, revisit intention and recommendation intention as well.

This study was conducted to examine the effects of Chinese perceptions of quality attributes on customer’s satisfaction, revisit intention and recommendation intention for coffee shops in Beijing, China. Subjects of this study included 200 customers who had visited a coffee shop at least once during the last year. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS v23.0 and AMOS v21.0. In this study, the majority of customers visited a coffee shop once or twice a week with friends. Respondents preferred tall-sized warm coffee in the store. The coffee shop quality attributes of were derived from five exploratory factors identified upon analysis of 30 observational variables. It was important to maintain and strengthen the quality attributes of coffee shops in this area because IPA(Importance Performance Analysis) analysis showed that “Doing great, keep it well” part was a desirable area because it had high importance and performance. Finally, path analysis revealed that customer satisfaction was influenced by employee attitude and affected revisit intention and recommendation intention.

Every year, China’s air quality is reaching hazardous level. Accordingly, China is adapting stringent environmental regulations under the new 13th Five Year Plan. The noticeable developments in the new air pollution regulations include: (1) mandatory air pollutant disclosure requirement; (2) shift towards non-compliance liability rule; and (3) increased penalty for transgression against wider range of industries. This paper first explains that these developments will induce American investments in China to carefully draft investment contracts, particularly confidentiality and limited liability clauses to minimize the risk of harsher penalties. The paper then argues that China’s stringent pollution regulations will not negatively affect American investment trend in China, mainly because most American investments already adhere to the OECD standard, and disclosing environmental information will enhance entity’s good reputation and attract investors.

This article explores whether China is ready to comply with its international obligations to recognize and enforce investment arbitral awards, and if not, what remains to be done. First, for ICSID awards, China has neither enacted any implementing legislation, nor designated courts or authorities are competent at recognizing and enforcing ICSID awards. Second, it is more ambiguous and complicated to seek recognition and enforcement of non-ICSID awards, due to China’s commercial reservation to New York Convention. It is uncertain whether the current provisions in national law on the recognition and enforcement of foreign commercial arbitral awards would also apply to the recognition and enforcement of non-ICSID awards. Moreover, statutes on State immunity, the common issue while enforcing both ICSID and non-ICSID awards, are quite insufficient. Finally, beyond satisfying its international obligations, investment arbitral awards issued by Chinese arbitration institutions also face obstacles of recognition and enforcement.

The Protocol for China’s accession into the WTO stipulated certain differential treatment for China, including the determination of normal value in anti-dumping investigations for the transitional period of 15 years. This treatment was authorized by the Protocol in response to concerns raised by other WTO Members at the time of China’s entry into the WTO. Since the transitional period is over in November 2016, there is an argument supporting the grant of market economy status to China, although the Protocol does not require the automatic grant of market economy after the passage of the transitional period. However, China’s recent trade measures, which have been adopted to press another WTO Member to meet its political objective, raise a question as to whether China is indeed ready for market economy status. This article analyzes such case and offers a view on the grant of market economy status to China.

The current scale of the import trade of the US with China is significant and has the potential to be more in near future. However, patent-based disputes, especially in terms of Section 337 investigation, have also been increased in recent years. In the context of parallel development of national innovation strategies of China’s “Made in China 2025 Plan” and the American “Advanced Manufacturing Partnership,” along with the latest expanded “Information Technology Agreement” in the WTO trading system, the implications for optimally resolving patent-based disputes in the US import trade with China is highly significant for two countries. These disputes may even impact the world trade, since bilateral trade between China and the US accounts for a considerable proportion. Thus, both China and the US should take precautions and appropriate measures to guard against such potential frictions in order to attain mutually beneficial outcomes in resolving such disputes.

본 논문은 포터(Porter)가 제시한 요소조건, 수요조건, 연관·지원 산업 실태 및 기업 전략, 구조 및 경쟁관계를 토대로 중국 조선산업에 관련한 현황을 고찰하였다. 또한 중 국 정부의 조선산업에 대한 지원전략과 정책 특성을 분석하였다. 일본과 한국의 사례 와 비교하면 중국은 부실기업을 정리하고 우수기업을 더욱 지원하는 ‘선택과 집중’ 이 라는 전략으로 조선산업 지원정책을 추진하고 있다. 조선산업에 대한 한·중·일의 위기 극복 노력은 모두 정부주도로 추진되어왔으며, 조선산업의 특징을 고려하여 볼 때 정 부의 지원은 산업의 국가경쟁력을 강화하는 데에 매우 중요한 역할을 한다. 중국은 조 선산업의 구조조정 지원정책을 통해 동종기업 간 경쟁관계를 형성하고 전․후방 산업간 연계된 지원전략을 통한 산업의 활성화를 유도하였다. 이는 조선산업의 질적 선진화와 지속가능한 산업구조 구축으로 이어져 외부 위기에 강한 경쟁력을 갖출 수 있는 산업 으로 발전할 수 있게 할 것이다.