This research is aimed at evaluating the nutrition knowledge and hygiene knowledge of people who are either foodservice employees or housewives and at providing data for conducting hygiene education by comparing the differences between the two groups. Both groups scored relatively high in nutrition knowledge with housewives scoring 9.9/12 and food service employees scoring 9.6/12. However, foodservice employees scored significantly higher in hygiene knowledge and degree of practice than housewives, A correlation was found between nutrition knowledge and the degree of hygienic practice and a significant correlation between hygiene knowledge and the degree of hygienic practice. The higher the hygiene knowledge was, the higher their degree of hygienic practice was. As for food hygiene information, foodservice employees obtained the information through hygiene education and lecture meetings, but housewives got their information through mass media. To summarize, mass media, which housewives can have easy access, must have programs for housewives to help them improve food hygiene in cooking, and programs for foodservice employees on washing food.

본 연구에서 추출 용매의 선택은 작두콩과 대두, 서리태의 추출 수율과 실험의 용이성 등을 고려하여 메탄올을 사용하여 실험을 진행하였다. 작두콩의 항균활성을 알아보기 위해 용매별, 콩 종류별 항균활성과 최소저해농도에 따른 항균활성 및 작두콩 추출물의 항균활성 효과가 가장 높은 V. parahemolyticus에 대한 증식억제효과를 실험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 용매별 항균활성에서 클로르포름, 핵산, 에틸 아세테이트 및 물 추출물은 항균활성을 확인할 수가 없었으나, 에탄올 추출물에서는 V. parahemolyticus 10 mm, S. sonnei 9 mm, 메탄올 추출물에서는 V. parahemolyticus 22 mm, S. sonnei 21 mm, L. monocytogenes 20 mm 순으로 항균활성을 확인하였다. 콩 종류별 항균활성을 알아보기 위해 V. parahemolyticus, S. aureus, S. sonnei, S. Enteritidis 등의 식중독 원인균에 시험결과, 서리태와 대두에서는 항균활성이 없는 반면, 작두콩에서는 항균효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 작두콩의 메탄올 추출물에 의한 최소저 해농도는 12종의 식중독 원인균에 대해 200 mg/mL에서는 대부분 항균활성이 나타났고, 50 mg/mL에서는 V. parahemolyticus, S. sonnei, S. Typhimurium만 항균활성이 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 작두콩 메탄올 추출물의 V. parahemolyticus 균에 대한 증식억제 효과는 작두콩 메탄올 추출물 0%의 경우 30시간 배양기간 동안 약 7.5 log CFU/mL로 증가하였다. 0.5%인 경우, 접종 후 1-2시간에는 2 log CFU/mL 정도 증가하다가 6시간 이후에는 더 이상 세균수가 감소하지 않고 30시간까지 접종하는 시점보다 약 0.5 log CFU/ mL를 유지하였다. 1%인 경우, 접종 후 1-2시간까지는 0.5- 1.0 log CFU/mL 정도 증가하다가 접종 5-6시간 이후부터 지속으로 감소하기 시작해서 배양 후 30시간에는 접종하는 시점보다 약 5.5 log CFU/mL로 감소하였다. 1.5%인 경우, 접종 후부터 지속적으로 감소하기 시작해서 30시간에 는 V. parahemolyticus균의 생육이 완전히 억제되었다. 2.0% 인 경우에는 접종 후부터 급속히 감소하여 약 9시간이 경 과했을 때는 V. parahemolyticus균의 생육이 완전히 억제 되었다. 따라서 작두콩에서 추출된 항균활성물질이 V. parahemolyticus, S. sonnei, S. Typhimurium 등 다양한 식중독균의 생육억제에 효과가 있는 것으로 사료된다.

페놀은 보통 대기로 배출되며 반감기가 비교적 짧은 물질로서 환경에 농축되는 경우는 드물다. 하지만, 누출사고가 발생되어 수계나 토양에 오염될 경우 페놀에 오염된 농수산물의 안전성을 확보하기 위하여 페놀을 정확하게 검출할 수 있는 시험법을 확립하고자 하였다. 식품 중 페 놀을 초음파추출기로 추출하고 GPC로 정제하여 GC/MS 로 분석하는 시험법을 확립하였으며, 시험법의 유효성 확인을 위한 실험 결과들이 AOAC 가이드라인에서 제시하 는 Criteria를 만족함으로써 시험법의 신뢰성을 확보할 수 있었다. 확립된 시험법은 식품 중 페놀의 오염조사 및 이행률 조사에 활용될 수 있다.

The world is in the process of a structural change related to ICT convergence knowledge industries. ICT is leading to the creation of new products and services, and is making our lives more convenient, safer, and more efficient. In advanced countries, many studies have been conducted with the goal of developing new business models converged with ICT, and this is also the case in the food industry. Korea possesses world-leading ICT, and if this ICT is applied to the food industry, a world-class new business model can be developed. The u-Food System, which is in the process of development in Korea, is a next-generation food system that can allow food providers, consumers, and distributors to access various types of information about food products, including traceability, distribution, safety, quality, and freshness, and manage this information. It is a future food system that converges ICT, biotechnology and sensing technology with food. Based on the u-Food System, this paper will introduce the status of current smart quality distribution technologies that converge ICT (such as sensor tag, sensor network, LBS, GIS, and CDMA) with food technologies (such as traceability, quality, distribution management) to manage the safety and quality of fresh food in the distribution process.

This study examined the food culture of the Koryo Dynasty during the early 13th century based on the records of wooden tablets and marine relics from the 1st and 2nd ships of Mado wrecked at sea off Taean while sailing for Gaegyeong containing various types of grain paid as taxes and tributes. The recipients of the cargo on the 1st ship of Mado were bureaucrats living in Gaegyeong during the period of the military regime of the Koryo Dynasty, and the place of embarkation was the inlet around Haenam (Juksan Prefecture) and Naju (Hoijin Prefecture) in Jolla-do. On wooden tablets were recorded 37 items of rice, cereal, and fermented foods. The measures used in the records were seok [石-20 du (斗)] for cereal, seok [15 du, 20 du] for fermented soybean paste, and pot (缸) and volume (斗) for salted fish. The places of embarkation on the 2nd ship of Mado were Jeongeup (Gobu Prefecture), Gochang (Jangsa Prefecture, Musong Prefecture), etc. On wooden tablets were recorded 29 items of rice, cereal, fermented foods, seasame oil, and honey. The volume measure for yeast guk (麴), the fermentative organism for rice wine, was nang [囊-geun (斤)], and the measure for sesame oil and honey, which were materials of oil-and-honey pastries and confections, was joon (樽-seong, 盛). Honey and sesame oil were luxury foods for the upper-class people of the Koryo Dynasty, and they were carried in high-quality inlaid celadon vases in Meibyung style. Food names and measures written on wooden tablets and actual artifacts found in the 1st and 2nd ships of Mado are valuable materials for research into agriculture, cereal, and fermented foods of the Koryo Dynasty in the early 13th century. Besides, relics such as grains and bones of fish and animals from the Koryo Dynasty are expected to provide crucial information usable in studies on food history of the Korean Peninsula.

The research aimed to provide accurate and basic data comparing different perceptions of head family’s food and food for religious ceremonies depending on age with the goal of sustaining traditional Korean food in the future. The gender distribution of the participants was 274 Males (42.5%) and 370 Females (57.5%). Age distribution was 211 participants (32.7%) in their 20s, 215 participants (33.3%) in their 30 to 40s, and 220 participants (34%) in their 50 to 60s. The older generation appeared to beaware of the definition of head family or 'The eldest’s house of head family’ as well as the concept of one’s family five generations ago with more reductive and emphasis than imaginary concept of head family of the younger generation. The image of the head family was perceived as ‘head family’s food’ in younger generations and as ‘eldest son’ in older generations. Family role and meaning most often manifested as ‘succession of tradition’ and ‘cultural symbols’ in younger generations, respectively, whereas older generations responded ‘hallmark of the head family’. Family ancestral rites and head family’s food had positive effects on awareness of head family’s food. Moreover, those with experience in practicing family ancestral rites responded that head family’s food should be more popular. People who viewed family’s food more positively were more open with the idea thathead family’s food could go mainstream. In conclusion, positive perception of head family’s food and traditional pride are crucial environmental factors in public support of popularizing head family's food to the public.

Fish community was investigated in eutrophic Jeondae agricultural reservoir from April to November 2012. The food web structure of major fish species of Jeondae reservoir showed that due to serious organic pollution, thehyper-eutrophic condition with high chemical oxygen demand (COD), chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP), as estimated by stable isotope analysis. Total of 679 individuals were collected from the reservoir, and 9 species were identified. Interestingly, Lepomis macrochirus and Hemiculter eigenmanni known as less sensitive to pollution and water quality deterioration, dominated the reservoir, and their relative abundances were 38% and 27%, respectively. Further, the analysis of the stomach contents revealed that main food source of dominant L. macrochirus was high amount of zooplankton, which includes copepoda and cladocera, while Cyprinidae species mainly consumed organic particles with zooplankton preys. Stable isotope analysis also suggested that L. macrochirus, Carassiusauratus, Pseudorasboraparva, and H. eigenmanni are major zooplantivorous group in the Jeondae Reservoir.

본 연구는 농식품 부산물을 TMR 원료로 이용하여 사료비 절감 효과와 축산물 품질향상에 도움이 될 수 있도록 그 이용을 활성화하기 위한 농식품 부산물 발생현황조사 및 분석, TMR 이용 현황 및 문제점 조사, 사료이용 시 문제점 및 법률과 제도적 대안을 제시코자 수행하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 폐기물관리법에서 관리되고 있는 유기성폐기물은 폐식용유 10,488톤, 동식물성잔재물 832,493톤, 동물사체 5,740톤, 동물성잔재물 1,171,892톤, 식물성잔재물 2,172,415톤, 왕겨와 미강 12,905톤 등 총 4,205,931톤이었으며 TMR 원료로 이용할 수 있는 식물성 잔재물과 왕겨 그리고 미강이 전체의 51.7%를 차지하였으며 발생지 별로는 전국 상위 10개 지자체에서 76~100% 발생되고 있어 이의 체계적 수급관리시스템이 필요하였다. 둘째, TMR 원료로 사용되는 10대 주요 농식품 부산물은 콩비지, 미강, 깻묵, 맥주박, 주정박, 맥강, 장유박, 감귤박, 버섯부산물 및 기타 식품부산물(빵, 국수, 과자 등)이었다. 셋째, 농가가 농식품 부산물을 이용하는데 가장 큰 애로사항은 농식품 부산물이 폐기물관리법에 의해 폐기물로 관리되고 있어 이를 사용하기 위해서는 재활용신고나 재활용시설설치 등 법률적 의무가 있어 사료이용 활성화를 위해 폐기물 지위 종료제와 같은 제도 개선과 전국적으로 10여 개의 공적 유통센터 설립이 필요한 것으로 사료되었다.

본 연구에서는 식품 중 식물성 식품원료의 진위 판별을위하여 분자생물학적 기법을 이용한 판별법을 개발하였다.종 판별을 위한 유전자로 엽록체에 존재하는 matK 유전자와 핵 내에 존재하는 ITS 유전자 부분을 대상으로 하였으며, 가공식품에의 적용을 고려하여 PCR 산물의 크기는200bp 내외가 되도록 종 특이 프라이머(species-specificprimer)를 설계하였다. 대상종으로는 버섯류 6종(팽이버섯,표고버섯, 양송이버섯, 영지버섯, 새송이버섯 및 느타리버섯), 견과류 3종(밤, 잣 및 호두), 과실류 1종(대추), 채소류 6종(알로에, 미나리, 부추, 오이, 고추냉이 및 겨자), 콩류 2종(녹두, 팥) 및 기타 3종(과라나, 흰민들레 및 민들레), 총 21종을 선정하였으며, 종 특이 프라이머를 이용하여 예상되는 PCR 산물의 생성 유무를 확인하였다. PCR분석 결과, 21종의 식물성 식품원료에 대하여 각각 예상된 PCR 산물을 확인하였으며, 프라이머별로 비교종에서비 특이적 PCR 산물(non-specific PCR product)이 생성되지 않음을 확인하였다. 본 연구에서 개발된 종 특이 프라이머는 가열 및 가공된 식품 중 21종의 식물성 식품원료의 진위 판별에 이용될 것이며, 불량식품 근절에 적극 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

The term hormesis is defined as stimulation by low doses of any potentially harmful agent. In the food industry,many attempts were made to apply hormeric phenomena to the process of improving food storage or increasingfunctional molecules in food. In this study, we reviewed the results of hormetic treatment including pressure, ion-izing radiation, ultraviolet, heat and atmosphere modification from a variety of fruits and vegetables. The hormeticeffects were quite diverse depending on the kind of food, cultivar and experimental environment. It was thereforedifficult to derive the exact and consistent hormetic influences. Nonetheless, it is significant that this study is thefirst attempt to document the impact of various hormetic treatments on food.

썩덩나무노린재는 두과작물에서 과실에 이르기까지 다양한 작물을 가해하는 대표적인 다식성 노린재의 일종이다. 과실이 썩덩나무노린재의 발육에 필요한 영양원인지 불필요한 영양원인지 아직도 분명하지 않다. 그리하여 사과와 오렌지의 단독먹이 및 콩-땅콩과의 먹이조합에 따른 썩덩 나무노린재의 발육, 사망률 및 증식률을 평가하였다. 썩덩나무노린재 약충은 사과단독먹이에서만 높은 사망률로 성충으로 발육하지 못하였다. 물 만 제공한 것은 3령으로 발육하지 못하였고, 사과단독먹이에서 4령으로 발육하지 못하였다. 하지만 오렌지단독먹이에서 14%가 성충으로 우화하 였으나, 약충의 발육기간이 약 74일로 가장 길었다. 콩-땅콩과 조합한 먹이에서 노린재의 사망률은 38~44%를 나타내었다. 총 산란수는 169~190 개 였으며, 부화률은 81~83%이었다. 따라서 사과는 썩덩나무노린재의 발육에 불완전한 먹이 이었으나, 오렌지는 발육이 지연되기는 하였으나 이루지는 것으로 평가되었다.

This study investigated the effects that corporate social responsibility (CSR) had on the credibility and image of a food corporation by analyzing the purchasing intention and food purchases of consumers. This analysis was undertaken in an attempt to establish a marketing strategy that meets consumer demands, and the results showed that all CSR activities undertaken by the food corporation had a positive effect on the reliability and image of the corporation and on consumers' purchase intention. The results indicate that the ethical aspect of the CSR activities had the greatest effect while their charitable aspect had the least effect on the reliability and purchase intention of the customers regarding the food corporation. Thus, it appears that establishing of suitable ethical doctrines and guidelines for corporate management by food corporation is effective in emphasizing the ethical aspects of their policies through transparent management by means of fair trade.

본 연구는 쌀 가공식품 원료에 대한 소비자 선호에 영향을 미치는 요인 분석을 위해 순환이변량프로 빗 모형을 이용하였다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 인터넷을 이용하여 소비자조사를 수행하였다. 분석결과는 만약 소비자가 쌀 가공식품 구입 시 상대적으로 맛을 더 고려하거나 가격을 가장 중요시할 경우, 쌀의 원산지는 구입의향에 유의한 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 남성이나 기혼자는 여성과 미혼자에 비해 수입쌀로 제조된 쌀 가공식품 소비에 거부감이 낮았다. 반면에 연령이 30~49 그룹의 소비자는 쌀 원산지에 큰 관심을 보였다. 향후 쌀 가공식품 산업을 어둡게 전망하는 소비자의 경우 쌀 가공식품에 사용되는 쌀 원산지가 매우 중요하다고 인식하고 있다.

VFAs like acetate are the major soluble metabolites of food waste leachates after digested. Therefore this study investigates the effect of acetate on growth rate and nutrient removal efficiency of Chlorella vulgaris to treat digested food waste leachates. The initial acetate concentration varied from 0 to 20 mM. As a result, Chlorella vulgaris growth rate was increased as high as the concentrations ranged from 0 to 20 mM. The same trend was observed with NH4-N and PO4-P consumption. The highest growth rate and the highest NH4-N, PO4-P removal rate were observed at acetate concentration of 20 mM. The microalgae growth rate and NH4-N, PO4-P removal rates were 1.5, 1.8, 2.3 times higher than the condition without acetate.

This paper reviewed the relationship between safety climate(superior attitude, education, precaution, communication, and job load) and safety performance(safety compliance and safety participation), and the moderating effects of gender and age. Based on the responses from 288 employees, the results of multiple regression analysis appeared as follow; 1) superior attitude effects positively on safety compliance and safety participation, but, job load effects negatively on safety compliance and safety participation. 2) precaution effects positively on safety participation. 3) education and precaution are more positively related with safety compliance and safety participation in female employee than in male employee. 4) education is more positively related with safety compliance and safety participation in older employee than in younger employee.