This paper examines the characteristics of post-modern self-portrait photography. Characteristics of postmodernism associated with the “loss of centeredness,” such as the death of the author, interdisciplinarity, and intertextuality, brought about a number of changes within the self-portrait. The distinction between post-modern and modern self-portraiture can be characterized by the following qualities: appropriation, the use of photography, and the utilization of the human body as an art. The characteristics of post-modern self-portrait photography can be represented through the works of Cindy Sherman, Orlan, and Morimura Yasumasa. By presenting prototypical women in her works, Cindy Sherman not only represents images of those women, but also exposes her fictitious role in the work. She creates a distance between herself in the works and herself in reality and discloses a paternalistic gaze. Meanwhile, Orlan transforms her face into a distorted image and presents it as an alternative identity that is representative of postmodernism. She corrodes the standard concept of identity through plastic surgery and treats the face not as a place where the identity stays, but as a simple body part or fragment of skin. Orlan’s post-human face is malleable according to the artist’s desire to raise the issue of what the human face is, and opposes the structure of modernism. Morimura Yasumasa also appropriates images from masterpieces and presents a hybrid identity between Eastern and Western, male and female, original and replica, and subject and object. In order to dissect social prejudice, he puts forth every single structural dichotomy that coexists in his self-portrait and suppresses a strong ego. He also studies the relationship between ‘seeing’ and being ‘seen’ by trading the painter’s role from that of the subject to that of the object.

Ikseon-Dong 166 is one of the traditional urban resident area developed during 1930’s. The purpose of this research is to analyze the structural relationship between a conventional housing unit plans and modern block plans based on orthogonal geometry. To fully explore the selling point of the new urban development, the planner or real estate developer in private sector did not abandon or compromise the conventional house layouts, consists of single layer of rooms keeping the main room facing south. This study concludes the following factors connecting the urban and architectural plans. Oblong block plans following east-west direction did not allow the southern exposure of courtyard and main room, which was the absolute requirement for traditional house units, the longer side of block plan followed north-south direction as a result. Considering the possibility of rent, having entrance at the east or west side of individual site enables two separate household maintain their spatial privacy. In addition to the factors mentioned above, when the blocks are to be divided into individual addresses, north-south oblong block plans maintained the length to face the front road minimum while the southern exposure maximized. These factors explains why the private developers maintained their blocks elongated to north-south direction when the block plans laied out by public sectors which did not care that much of southern exposure show random orientation in the view point of solar exposure.

근대 서구 화학자들의 저서가 한역(漢譯)되면서 다량의 새로운 화학원소를 표 기하는 단어(한자)들이 생겨났다. 그들은 중국어의 어휘를 더욱 풍부하게 하는 동 시에 중국어 어휘에서 없어서는 안될 주요성분으로 자리 잡았다. 초창기 화학원소 를 표기하는 어휘(한자)는 한자와 어휘를 동시에 생산하는 매우 독특한 형식으로 진행되었다. 본문은 당시 화학원소를 명명했던 근거와 그 어휘들에게 나타난 독특한 한자와 어휘의 관계를 고찰하였다.

This paper focuses on A. R. Ammons's vision of plants and fungi in the light of ecology and post-modernism. Ammons incorporated ecological and post-modern symbol of plants and fungi including lichen, moss, weed and grass into his poetry. He also recognizes values in the seemingly insignificant, and finds the hidden meanings of the common, the little, the small, the unnoticed, and the lowly. Ammons already disclosed the importance and values of these little things in the ecosystem of nature. While looking at what is lowly, he found the absolute and symbiotic relationship among the lowly, the hidden, and the unnoticed. In general, three kingdoms of classification consist of fungi, plants and animals in scientific terms. In this paper, I chose two kingdoms, which have the symbolic meanings. Ammons values the periphery and the dark over the beautiful, which man prefers. To deconstruct the opposites, he ventures to overturn the artificial or man-made hierarchy of nature. The evidence that Ammons overturned the hierarchy is indicated in that he valued those that are common, unnoticed, lowly, and insignificant in his poetry. This ecological vision of Ammons coincides with the deconstructive strategy of Derrida, in that they both resist aqainst the violent unity by which human reason controls in nature.

The formation of modern architecture during the Weimar Republic in Germany is seen through the works by Bruno Taut, one of the leading architects during that period. Through the extensive literature readings on Bruno Taut and critical analysis of Bruno Taut’s ideologies, his works and the circumstances that he was in, the contention of this paper is that the root of modern architecture has less to do with functionalism and new technologies, but more to do with need to express new ideologies and expressions of their view of a new society. Although the socialistic idea did not account for sole reason for influencing their architecture, it did play a considerable part in deciding what architectural expressions are preferred. For this discourse this paper limits Bruno Taut's years from 1913 to 1932 prior to his exile from Germany; 1913 to 1923 being the years that constitute theoretical activities and 1923 to 1932 being the golden years for social housing when he participated on many public housing projects. It was during this period that his architecture put importance of practicality, and utilitarian; however the transition was not an abrupt departure from his expressionistic architecture but an inclusive act on his part.

First of all, the rise of Islamic science should be attributed to its inherent thirst for knowledge, and the internal demands by means of building external knowledge platform, which promoted Islamic science to glory. Secondly, translation movement of the Islamic civilization which combined reason with realism, made a good preparation for the research of the traditional mathematics and the experiment research of modern science. Finally, the medieval Islamic science began to discover the world and people, which became the important premise of the renaissance. Therefore, the Islamic science prepared an important channel for input and output of modern scientific knowledge, and became the hub and bridge thought ancient and modern science. Although in the fifteenth Century Islamic science declined gradually, it did provide the necessary soil for the growth of the tree of modern science. The golden age of Arabic Islamic culture came in theAbbsid Dynasty (750A.D.- 1258A.D.), when the capital city Baghdad was a flourishing international city and an academic city blending cultures from all over the world. It was a place that gathered diversified cultural models and religious thoughts. When the Arabic culture evolved, which used the Arabic as the major language, it absorbed the essences of many other cultures that greatly enriched the connotations of Arabic Islamic culture, stimulated the wisdom of the Arabic people and laid a foundation for the Abbsid Empire to create the wonderful cultural achievements in its latter part that had far-reaching influence. The medieval Islamic world, by absorbing and merging the other cultures and thanks to the strong financial support given by a few generations of caliphs to scientific researches for the sake of their own development, the Islamic science possessed the necessary elements for prosperity. Besides, the brilliant achievements made by Islamic civilization in the medieval age also helped lay a solid foundation for the modern scientific development. The thesis tries to identify the inherent correlations between the medieval Islamic thought of science and the modern thought of science.

본 논문은 東아시아의 漢字文化圈의 再編成에 따른 ‘漢字의 範疇’에 대한 연구 이다. 中世 東아시아의 여러 나라는 漢字를 普遍的 文字로 使用해왔다. 內部的으로 國家의 管理와 經營에 必要한 大部分의 文書 管理를 漢字를 使用한 漢文으로 表現하고 使用하였다. 이에 따라 漢文은 多樣한 文體로 使用되었다. 19世紀末 東아시아의 漢字를 媒介로 한 文語 體制에 分裂이 생겼다. 中國은 淸末부터 文字 改革을 通하여 文言文을 解體하고 簡化字의 使用을 통해서 傳統 의 漢字인 繁體字에 變化를 주었고, 白話文의 定着을 通해서 言文一致를 實現 하였다. 日本은 메이지 時代 때부터 國字 文字와 言文一致의 問題를 提出한다. 특히 ‘國家’ 意識 成立과 함께 國語의 槪念을 成立시키고, 오늘날의 仮名(가나) 政策을 確定한다. 韓國은 1894년 이후 漢文의 文體를 버리고, 國漢文體를 거쳐 서 國文體를 成立하고 끊임없는 한글 政策을 통해서 한글 專用을 政策的으로 成功시킨다. 近代 東아시아 言語의 語彙 政策은 西歐의 學問을 漢字語彙로 飜譯해 냄으로 써 새로운 東아시아의 漢字語彙의 普遍性이 成立되었다. 現代 東아시아 漢字의 使用은 中世 때와 달리 多樣한 現象을 보인다. 各國의 文字 政策으로 因해서 새 로운 漢字들이 登場하였다. 中國은 一部의 漢字를 簡體字로 바꾸었다. 日本은 一部의 漢字를 略字로 바꾸었다. 韓國은 한글 專用 政策을 쓰고 있지만, 基本的 으로 繁體字를 使用하고 있다. 20世紀 後半 東아시아가 政治的으로 分裂되어 있을 때에는 각 국가는 自身들 의 文字 政策만 觀心을 가지면 되었다. 그러나 지금 21世紀 東아시아 交流가 매 우 頻繁하고 緊密한 때를 맞아서 漢字는 다시 個別 國家의 文字로 볼 것이 아니 다. 東아시아의 觀點에서 바라보면 漢字의 範圍는 상당히 달라진다. 漢字를 對象으로 ‘繁體字, 簡化字(簡體字), 略字’ 等이 存在한다면 그 範圍가 減少한 것이 아니라, 오히려 늘어난 것이 된다. 즉, 東아시아인들이 相互間 文書 를 視覺的으로 接할 때에는 본디 漢字에 簡化字, 略字까지 包含을 하면 그 수가 늘어난다는 것이다. 따라서 個別 國家의 경우에는 關係가 없지만, 簡體字나 略字는 繁體字의 또다 른 異體字가 될 수 밖에 없으며, 簡體字나 略字를 사용하는 사람의 처지에서 보 면 그에 해당하는 繁體字가 또다른 異體字가 될 수 밖에 없다. 즉, 東아시아적 觀點에서 보면 近代에 簡體字나 略字의 制定은 곧 異體字의 增加인 것이다. 결국 現代 東아시아의 漢字는 各國의 漢字에 다른 나라에서 使用하는 繁體字 와 簡化字, 略字 등이 異體字로 存在한다는 것이다. 즉, ‘東아시아 國家의 漢字 = 自國의 漢字 + 異體字’라는 公式이 成立되는 것이다. 繁體字와 簡體字, 略字의 相互 關係를 살펴보면 一部의 漢字를 除外하고는 大部分은 字形이 類似하거나 一部 劃數의 多少 차이를 보여줄 뿐이다. 따라서 東아시아 交流的인 側面에서 繁體字, 簡化字 略字 모두 겹치는 일부 漢字에 대 해서는 相互 比較 學習할 수 있는 環境 造成이 필요하다.

In this paper, we propose a system architecture of the AMI to be applied in the modern agricultural sector. Agricultural electricity costs in South Korea is very inexpensive compared with other industries. It is expected to increase oil prices to rise over the medium to long term so the facilities must to be installed for farmers in terms of energy savings and energy costs. The research and development of plant factory which can replace the ills of modern agriculture is very active. The technologies of smart grid and plat factory are good paradigm of next generation agricultural sector. Good use of smart grid technologies, the traditional energy consumption industries, agriculture sector can be self-sufficiency industry. In this article the AMI architecture is developed and it will be applicable for modern farmers plant factory.

Modern railway construction by Japanese had a great influence on the urbanization, transformation of urban structure and landscape during the Japanese imperialism and compressive increasing period in Iri(Iksan). This paper aims to find out the effect of railway on the modern urban structure and urban landscape in Iri(Iksan). Railways in Iri, Honam railway, Kunsan railway, Jeonla railway have been constructed progressively during 1911 and 1915 with Iri and old Iri(east-Iri) station. From the analysis of land registration maps and street plans, old photographies and historical records, some significant features underling railway construction can be followed in view of modern urbanization process in Iri. Firstly railways cut off the possibility of developing urban structure based on traditional spatial structure of Iksan. Secondly railways made dual spatial structure in Iri. Japanese and Korean life zone were divided into separate district around urbanization area and market place. Thirdly traditional space cognition system based on four cardinal directions were changed to front and rear space of railway station. Fourthly railways and stations caused neo-baroque spatial order and imperialistic urban landscape of Iri with axis, vista and gridiron plan. Fifthly break points and fringe belts garbling modern urbanization process are created. Sixthly modern cultural and consumptive urban spaces were taken their seats in relation with daily urban life.

This study examined the historical changes in Jeon. The Korean dictionary was analyzed to analyze the modern definition of Jeon. To investigate the change in the type and cooking methods of Jeon, 36 cookbooks from the late 1800s to 1999 were analyzed. The cooking method for Jeon, such as the ingredient, quantity and how to cooking were presented systematically since 1935. The main ingredients of jeon in modern cookbooks are seafood 36.0%, vegetables 30.2% and meat 20.3%. Jeon made with seafood or vegetables, chopped meat put in each main ingredient or meatballs with minced meat, etc. meat was used to make Jeon in a variety of ways. The cooking method for Jeon in a frying pan is the most basic method. After trimmed materials, adding flour, eggs and oil are the most common way. Making dough with grain flour or ground potatoes, green beans, legumes, etc., and mixing the ingredients in a pan-frying methods appeared to be under the influence of other countries recipes. Modern food culture, introducing new ingredients and cookware, has changed. As a result, jeon cooking methods and the application of the material have varied. The type of jeon and cooking methods are expected to increase further and become more diverse.

The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in Korean meat consumption as well as meat consumption trends. During the Japanese occupation period, the supply of meat was considerably insufficient. However, meat consumption mainly in large cities has gradually increased. Especially, 'Pyeongyang cow', a specialty of Pyeongyang, started being raised as edible beef cattle in 1933. During the chaotic period following liberation from Japan, the price of meat sharply increased. However, as the meat supply stabilized, the 'beef grade system' was introduced in 1967. Since then, beef has sold according to region. During the early economic growth period of the mid-1970s, meat consumption rapidly increased, and foreign beef was first imported in 1976. The preference for beef was somewhat attenuated due to the outbreak of mad cow disease and economic slowdown of the 1990s, resulting in an increase in the consumption of pork, a replacement meat. During the recent period of economic development, meat consumption has somewhat fallen and remained low. In late 2003, with the occurrence of mad cow disease in the US, the demand for pork, and especially pork fatback, has sharply increased.

현대무용을 포함한 예술 교과목들은 창의성 개발을 목표로 하고 있다. 하지만 Ofsted(2006) 보 고서에 따르면, 예술교육을 통한 창의성 학습은 추측에 머무를 가능성이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 따 라서 본 연구는 현대무용교육을 통한 창의성 학습에 영향을 미치는 요인과, 이를 위한 창의적인 교수방법을 살펴보고자 한다. 즉, 창의적인 학습을 위한 창의적인 교수방법을 탐색함으로써 현대 무용에 내재되어있는 창의성을 보다 효과적으로 함양 시킬 수 있는 방법을 알아본다. 본 연구는 질적 사례 연구로 참여관찰, 심층면담, 개방형 설문을 실시하였고, 이와 함께 관련 문헌자료를 분석하여 결과를 도출하였다. 연구 목적에 따라, 첫째, 현대무용에서 길러지는 창의성 은 무엇인가? 둘째, 이를 위한 창의적 교수방법은 무엇인가? 마지막으로, 창의성 학습과 창의적 인 교수방법은 어떠한 관계를 이루는가? 라는 세 가지 연구문제를 설정하였다. 결과와 논의를 통 해서 첫째, 현대무용 교육을 통해 학습자들은‘탐구’능력을 기를 수 있는 것으로 나타났고, 이를 위한 교수자의 창의적인 교수방법으로는‘조화’능력이 뛰어나야 하는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막 으로 창의성 학습을 위하여 창의적인 교수방법의 중요성을 부각시키며 현대무용의 내재된 창의성 을 불러일으키기 위해서는 교수자의 역할이 매우 중요한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 현대무용은 창 의성 개발을 도모 할 수 있으며, 이를 이루기 위해 더욱더 체계적인 창의적인 교수방법이 교사교 육에 이루어져야할 것이다.

Housing problem is one of the most basic human problems. This paper refer to primary ecological concept of the traditional local-style dwelling houses, try to find a way, put the traditional ecological concept into use for modern residential buildings, study the applicability between traditional local-style dwelling houses and modern residential buildings

삼척의 이사부 축제는 지역적 연고가 있던 이사부라는 역사인물을 현대의 축제의 소재로 활용함으로써 대내적으로는 지역을 대표하는 인물임을 부각시켰으며, 대외적으로는 독도를 비롯한 영토수호의 역사인물임을 드러냄으로써 범지역적 축제로 확산시키는 효과를 창출해 내었다. 이 연구의 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 도출할 수 있었다. 첫째, 우륵의 12기에 나타난 사자연행과 이사부의 목사자 전투는 진흥왕 이전 신라사회에 사자문화의 유입으로 볼 수 있다. 또한 신라의 통용된 사자연행예술은 전쟁에서 강력한 무기로 존재했다. 따라서 이사부가 우산국 정벌에서 사용한 목사자는 당대에 신라에 유통된 외래문화였으며, 이후 사자는 여러 연행예술로 발전된 것이다. 둘째, 이사부의 우산국 정벌에서는 사자탈과 같은 이동형 목각양식이 이용되었다. 이것은 이사부의 해군부대가 우산국 전투에서 목사자의 전술을 추구하기 위해서는 근거리에 접근하여야 했기 때문에, 고정형 목각양식으로는 우산국 사람들을 속일 수 없었기 때문이다. 따라서 이사부의 목사자는 고정형 목각양식이 아니라, 탈과 같은 이동형 목각양식을 추구했음을 알 수 있다. 셋째, 이사부는 삼척 강릉지방의 지역사와 밀접한 관계를 맺고 있는 인물이다. 그는 과거 강릉단오제에 모셔졌을 뿐만 아니라 현재 삼척 오분동 마을에서도 모셔지고 있다. 이렇듯 1500년 전 역사인물 이사부는 지금까지 삼척 지역에서 신격화 되어 숭앙받는 역사적 인물인 것이다. 따라서 이사부 축제는 삼척 지역의 지역사를 기반으로 하고 있으며, 이는 축제의 이념적기반 위에서 형성되었음을 알 수 있다. 넷째, 삼척시는 이사부 축제를 국가의 외교문제와 연관시킴으로써 국가와 연계할 수 있는 계기가 마련하였다. 이사부의 우산국 정벌은 울릉도를 생활권으로 하고 있는 독도를 포함하는 것으로서 2005년 일본의 다케시마(독도)의 날 재정으로 고조된 한일 외교문제와 연관된다. 따라서 삼척시는 축제에서 이사부의 소재를 독도 및 해양에 확장시킴으로써 축제향유 계층을 국민으로 확장시켰으며, 더불어 국가차원의 지원 계기를 마련함으로써 축제의 경제적 기반을 구축하고자 하였다. 이렇듯 삼척시의 이사부 축제는 기존의 지역 역사인물을 발굴하여 연결시킨 결과물이다. 이 과정에서 투영된 자치단체의 축제화는 이사부를 포장하는 데 그친 것이 아니라, 지역 경제 활성화라는 취지 아래 다양한 국가사업과 연계함으로써 지역의 문화기반을 마련하게 된 모범 사례라 할 수 있다.

Physical cosmology tries to understand the Universe at large with its origin and evolution. Observational and experimental situations in cosmology do not allow us to proceed purely based on the empirical means. We examine in which sense our cosmological assumptions in fact have shaped our current cosmological worldview with consequent inevitable limits. Cosmology, as other branches of science and knowledge, is a construct of human imagination reflecting the popular belief system of the era. The question at issue deserves further philosophic discussions. In Whitehead’s words, “philosophy, in one of its functions, is the critic of cosmologies.” (Whitehead 1925).

Great positive has big lungs and weak liver, great negative has strong liver and small lungs, small positive has large spleen and small kidney and small negative has big kidney and small spleen. The formation of DNA at initial conception of human cell is equivalent to atomic bonding while the formation of proteins of the cell growth in a human body is equivalent to molecular bonding. Rotational electro-magnetic wave photo-synthetic starch has no molecular bonding but only gluco pyranoses. The atomic bonding are equivalent to right constitutions while the molecular bondings are equivalent to left constitutions. Five Uns and six Gis are rotational electro-magnetic waves from heaven and land. Jang (lung, liver, spleen, kidney, heart) becomes strong or weak by Uns while Bu(colon, gall, stomach, urinary bladder, small intestine, samcho) becomes strong or weak by Gis. In view of modern physics of life energies four phase constitutions are generated due to more four kinds of life energies than the others. Korean four phase constitutions considered apriority and postreriority at the same time while Chinese Un-Gi constitutions considered only apriority and are the same as the four phase constitutions in apriority. The energy-synthesis from land and heaven is an abnormal phenomenon, that is to say, a kind of energy diseases. The four phase constitutions is very effective for medical curing therefore. The theory of meridian flow in a body is the same as the electric-battery. The constitution are the results from chaotic process.

This study is one that estimates the architectural composition as well as the location of guest house of Haemi Eupseong on the basis of the analysis of modern and contemporary data related to Haemi Eupseong. It is significant that this study has presented an opinion that can become a practical basis for the historical research of the prototype of Haemi Eupseong of the late Chosun Dynasty through the analysis of modern and contemporary data that had been unsatisfactory among the fruition of studies conducted in relation to Haemi Eupseong. The outcomes achieved by this study are as follows. Firstly, it was verified that the guest house of Haemi Eupseong that has been restored is one that has different architectural composition than the prototype of the late Chosun Dynasty and is restored in a different location. Secondly, in respect of architectural composition of guest house found by the analysis of the picture, it was confirmed that the government office has one step higher than the double-wing house in the form of the roof. Thirdly, the location of the guest house of Haemi Eupseong of the late Chosun Dynasty is judged to be the periphery area where the current restored guest house is located, which is where the teachers' building of Haemi elementary school was located. Fourthly, the prospect of the guest house of Haemi Eupseong is decided to be similar direction to the current restored guest house with the greatest possibility of having the same direction with the arrangement of teachers' building of Haemi Eupseong elementary school.

인간들은 대체적으로 어떤 사상이 그의 의식영역에 주입되었느냐에 따라서 그 사상에 의해 절대적인 영향을 받는다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 인간들의 의식영역에 어떤 사상이 선점해 있음으로 해서 그것이 인간에게 어떤 영향을 미치는지에 대해 살펴보고자 한다. 우리나라에는 기독교가 들어온 지 약 200년쯤 밖에 되지 않는다. 그럼에도 불구하고 기독교가 들어오면서 유일신 사상으로 인해 타 종교와의 많은 종교적 갈등을 가져왔다. 적은 범위로는 각 가정에서 제사나 장례절차 등에 있어서 가족 간 종교차이로 많은 문제점이 노정되고 있으며 아울러 사회적으로는 타 종교를 음해하는 사건들이 비일 비재하다. 본인은 지금까지 본인 스스로 관심을 가져온 인간들의 의식영역의 관념적 선점권과 진실·진리와의 관계를 중심으로, 기독교가 중세 유럽의 중심사상이 된 역사적 과정, 기독교가 내세 중심사상으로 흐르면서 유럽 문화에 끼친 영향, 중세 기독교사상의 분열과정과 근대사회의 출현문제에 대해 살펴보고자 한다. 다시 말해 중세 기독교 교리 타파 과정이 바로 근대화로 가는 지름길이었음을 음미함으로서 인간들에게 지배하는 진리관은 단지 그것이 절대적 진리로서 존재하는 것이 아니라 본인 스스로 진리라고 믿는 착시현상에서 오는 것임을 밝히고, 아울러 본인이 믿는 종교를 강조하다보니 타 종교와의 갈등관계를 가져온다는 사실을 인지하게 함으로서, 나아가 집안에서나 사회적으로 불필요한 종교적 갈등관계를 줄여보고자 하는 것이 본 논문을 쓰는 주목적이라 할 수 있다. 본문의 내용을 요약해 보면 서양에서 기독교가 절대적인 지위를 차지할 수 있었던 것은 AD 313년 콘스탄티누스 대제의 기독교 공인과 AD392년 데우도시우스 왕의 기독교를 국교화했기 때문이었다. 기독교는 중세에 이르러서는 내세중심사상으로 흘렀으며 그러다 보니 아이러니 하게도 중세는 암흑세계가 되었던 것이다. 암흑세계에서 탈출하여 근대 민주주의나 자본주의로 흐를 수 있었던 것은 단지 기독교 교리 타파에 의해서 가능했다고 볼 수 있다. 이러한 점을 재음미해 볼 때 인간들은 어떤 종교나 사상이 절대적인 것이라고 믿는 것은 그 종교나 진리가 옳아서 라기 보다는 단지 그것이 도그마화 하여 자신의 의식 영역을 선점하고 있기 때문이 아닌가 다시 한 번 숙고해 볼 필요가 있다고 여겨진다. 그랬을 때 타인의 종교를 인정하게 되고 그럴 때 이 사회는 종교 분쟁과 같은 사회적 갈등을 가져오지 않고 더 밝은 사회가 되리라고 생각되어진다.

The core idea of the critical regionalism could be summarized as a self-conscious synthesis between universal civilization and world culture. After World War Ⅱ, it has been applied to architecture for overcoming the problem of Industrial Capitalism and uniformity of 20th century Modern Architecture. Naturally, religious architecture cannot also be an exception in this cultural trend, thus we can also apply the critical regionalism to the Korean Catholic Church Architecture with the basic premise that the Traditional Western and Modern Style Church Architecture should be regarded as universal civilization, and the Traditional Korean Architecture and endemicity as one of world culture. In the context, this article attempts to analyze the regionality of Korean Modern Catholic Church Architecture constructed between the 19th century and 1980's, and how it has been differently transformed with the view of the critical regionalism. Its analysis will be carried out within three types; transformation of the Traditional Korean Architecture and the influence of Japanese Modern Architecture, representation of the Traditional Korean Architecture, and abstraction of the Traditional Korean Architecture with each advantages and disadvantages.