Ag-containing aluminosilicate sorbents capable of capturing iodine were prepared by sol-gelation from Na, Al, and Si alkoxides using co-solvent exchange, Ag/Na ion exchange, solvent exchange, and ambient-pressure drying. The Na+AlSi-OH gel was prepared using sodium methoxide (NaOMe): aluminum tri-sec-butoxide (Al(OsBu)3): tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) molar ratios of 1.05:1:1, 1.3:1.1:1, 1.5:1.3:1. The solvent effect on textural properties such as Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface areas and pore size distributions and Ag0 particle sizes was investigated using water with high surface tension, isopropanol and n-heptane with low surface tension. The BET surface area, average pore size, and cumulative pore volume for sorbents strongly increased with decreasing surface tension of solvents and increasing Al/Si atomic ratios. In addition, Ag0 particle sizes increased with decreasing surface tension of solvents.

To investigate L2 adolescent learners’ use of machine translation (MT), an MT error correction (EC) test was developed, based on the analysis of MT errors arising from translating the learners’ L1 of middle school EFL textbooks. Learners were also asked to report on their use of MT EC strategies on the EC task. Results indicated that mistranslated sentence and verb tense are the most difficult types of MT errors to correct. Furthermore, to resolve MT errors, guessing from context and literal translations were the two most frequently employed EC strategies. When multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine the contribution of EC strategies to the learners’ ability to correct errors, the mid proficiency learners’ reliance on literal translations and the low proficiency learners’ use of multiple EC strategies were positively associated with improved corrections of MT errors. The results of the study are discussed in light of how L2 learners need to develop competence for using MT in L2 writing.

Radiological characterization, one of the key factors for any successful decommissioning project for a nuclear facility, is defined as a systematic identification of the types, quantities, forms, and locations of radioactive contamination within a facility. This characterization is an essential early step in the development of a decommissioning plan, in particular during transition period after permanent shutdown of the facility, and also to be used for classification of decommissioned radioactive wastes so that their disposal criteria can be met. Therefore, the characterization should be well planned and performed. In the transition period, the characterization information developed during the operational phase is usually reexamined with respect to the applied assumptions, the actual status of the facility after shutdown, the accuracy of the required measurements and changes in its radiological properties to support the development of the final decommissioning plan. Based on some national (Korean, USA’s and Japanese) laws including the related regulations, and some related documents published by OECD/NEA, IAEA, and ASTM, key elements of radiological characterization, which should be developed in the transition period, could be proposed as the followings. The key elements might be an operational history including facility operation history and contamination by events and/or accidents, radiological inventory of the facility and site area, characterization survey including in-situ survey and/or sampling and analyses, radiological mapping (which is able to identify radiological contamination levels of SSCs, and the facility area and, if contamination may be suspected, the surroundings) with tabulating, residual radioactivity (or derived concentration guideline levels) of selected major radionuclides for remediation of the site, (retainable and retrievable) recording, and quality control and quality assurance. In review process of the operational history, interviews of current or former long-tenured knowledgeable employees of the facility should be conducted to identify conditions that may have been missing from the records.

The natural relics excavated from the archeological site reveal the life, hunting, fishing, and gathering of mankind at the time, and the animal bones excavated from the remains become valuable data for the study of geography and bone diseases at the time. This study investigated the morphological structure, size, and osteometry of Sus scrofa bones excavated from the well area of the Gasan-Ri archaeological site in Jinju, presumed to be a relic of the Three Kingdoms period. The total weight of identified animal bones was 975.30 g and the number of bone fragments was 447. Among these 447 animal bones identified, the bone weight of Sus scrofa was 468.00 g (47.99%) and the number of bone fragments was 204 (45.64%). These 204 bone fragments of Sus scrofa consisted of 35 skulls (17.16%), 94 vertebrate axial skeletons (46.08%), 28 forelimb bones (13.73%), and 47 hindlimb bones (23.04%). The bones of Sus scrofa have been identified as those of two animals. The estimated age of these bones of Sus scrofa was 5-7 weeks. There was a fracture presumably caused by an artificial blow to the parietal bone located near the bregma in the skull.

항공 및 지리 공간 기술은 연구자 및 농업관련 실무자들이 더욱더 쉽게 접근할 수 있게 되었으며, 이러한 기술은 농업과 임업에 있어 현재 병해충 관리의 변화에 중추적인 역할을 할 수 있다. 지난 20년 동안 위성, 유무인항공기, 스펙트럼 센서들, 정보 시스템 및 자동화 현장 장비들의 기술들은 병해충을 감지하고, 특정 지점에 대한 병해충을 방제하는데 사용되어져 왔다. 빅 데이터 기반한 인공 지능과 함께 항공 및 지리 정보 기술의 가용 함에도 불구하고 이러한 기술을 사과 IPM에 적용하는 것은 아직 실현되지 않았다. 본 논문은 사과연구소에서 수행한 사례 연구를 통해 사과 IPM 개선에 활용할 수 있는 항공 및 지리 정보기술의 발전과 한계에 대해 논하고자 한다.

본 연구는 팝업 스타일 웨딩의 화훼장식에 관한 인식과 선 호도 현황을 알아보고자 국내 성인 남녀 431명을 대상으로 설 문조사를 진행하였다. 팝업 스타일 웨딩에 대하여 대부분 (74%)의 응답자가 긍정적으로 인식하는 것으로 나타났으며, 웨딩에서의 화훼장식을 중요한 요소로 인식하였다. 응답자들 은 팝업 스타일 웨딩의 장점으로 하객과의 소통이 자유롭고 공간과 인원에 따라 맞춤 웨딩이 가능하며 예비부부가 주도하 는 개성 있는 웨딩으로 인식하였으며, 단점으로는 날씨에 따 른 변수(악천후, 땡볕, 습도 등)라고 인식하였다. 팝업 스타일 웨딩의 공간으로는 실내공간보다 실외공간을 더 선호하는 것 으로 나타났으며, 실내·외 공간에서 모두 현대적 스타일 건 물을 가장 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 팝업 스타일 웨딩의 화 훼장식에 대하여 응답자들은 기존 웨딩의 화훼장식보다 공간의 특성을 잘 나타내고, 예비부부가 선호하는 화훼장식의 선 택이 가능하며, 화훼장식과 어우러지는 다양한 오브제(장식 품) 선택이 가능한 것으로 인식하였다. 팝업 스타일 웨딩의 화훼장식 요소로는 웨딩카를 제외한 모든 화훼장식 요소를 중 요하게 생각하였으며, 특히 웨딩 꽃길, 신부 부케, 웨딩 꽃길 입구장식이 가장 돋보여야 할 부분이라고 인식하였고, 여성이 남성보다 화훼장식의 중요도를 높게 평가하는 것으로 나타났 다. 이를 통해, 개성을 중시하는 소비자를 대상으로 한 팝업 스타일 웨딩 화훼장식의 활성화를 위하여 소비자에게 폭넓은 정보 제공이 필요하며, 소비자의 요구에 알맞은 디자인을 제 공하는 팝업 스타일 웨딩 화훼장식으로 소비자들의 웨딩 화훼 장식 만족도를 높일 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

We report a massive outbreak of human Q fever cases, which occurred at totally 11 humans. The occurrence was related to a goat farm where Coxiella burnetii infection was diagnosed from goat tissues and environmental specimens. From January of 2018, continuous abortions from 6 goats occurred. Laboratory tests from 77 goat specimens for C. burnetii showed that 54 (70.1%) and 63 (81.8%) goats were positive by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The infection was also confirmed from the farmer, his wife and 9 persons from all 16 veterinary officials who had visited the farm for protective measures and preparing goat specimens for laboratory tests. The farm was found to be extensively contaminated with C. burnetii from the examination to the environmental specimens and epidemiological inspections, which might be the main source of C. burnetii infection to humans. The extensive contamination to the farm was derived from the uncareful handling of postpartum animal tissues or discharges by the farm owner. This report will contribute to the establishment of educational system on the biosecurity to novice farmers.