Smart factory companies are installing various sensors in production facilities and collecting field data. However, there are relatively few companies that actively utilize collected data, academic research using field data is actively underway. This study seeks to develop a model that detects anomalies in the process by analyzing spindle power data from a company that processes shafts used in automobile throttle valves. Since the data collected during machining processing is time series data, the model was developed through unsupervised learning by applying the Holt Winters technique and various deep learning algorithms such as RNN, LSTM, GRU, BiRNN, BiLSTM, and BiGRU. To evaluate each model, the difference between predicted and actual values was compared using MSE and RMSE. The BiLSTM model showed the optimal results based on RMSE. In order to diagnose abnormalities in the developed model, the critical point was set using statistical techniques in consultation with experts in the field and verified. By collecting and preprocessing real-world data and developing a model, this study serves as a case study of utilizing time-series data in small and medium-sized enterprises.

As the 4th industrial revolution emerges, the implementation of smart factories are essential in the manufacturing industry. However, 80% of small and medium-sized enterprises that have introduced smart factories remain at the basic level. In addition, in root industries such as injection molding, PLC and HMI software are used to implement functions that simply show operation data aggregated by facilities in real time. This has limitations for managers to make decisions related to product production other than viewing data. This study presents a method for upgrading the level of smart factories to suit the reality of small and medium-sized enterprises. By monitoring the data collected from the facility, it is possible to determine whether there is an abnormal situation by proposing an appropriate algorithm for meaningful decision-making, and an alarm sounds when the process is out of control. In this study, the function of HMI has been expanded to check the failure frequency rate, facility time operation rate, average time between failures, and average time between failures based on facility operation signals. For the injection molding industry, an HMI prototype including the extended function proposed in this study was implemented. This is expected to provide a foundation for SMEs that do not have sufficient IT capabilities to advance to the middle level of smart factories without making large investments.

In the era of the 4th industrial revolution driven by the convergence of ICT(information and communication technology) and manufacturing, research on smart factories is being actively conducted. In particular, the manufacturing industry prefers smart factories that autonomously connect and analyze data. For the efficient implementation of smart factories, it is essential to have an integrated production system that vertically integrates separately operated production equipment and heterogeneous S/W systems such as ERP, MES. In addition, it is necessary to double-verify production data by using automatic data collection technology so that the production process can be traced transparently. In this study, we want to show a case of data-centered integration of a large aircraft parts processing factory that requires high precision, takes a long time, and has the characteristics of processing large raw materials. For this, the components of the data-oriented integrated production system were identified and the connection structure between them was explained. And we would like to share the experience gained through the design and implementation case. The integrated production system proposed in this study integrates internal components based on data, which is expected to serve as a basis for SMEs to develop into an advanced stage, and traces materials with RFID technology.

본 연구는 최근 지구 온난화로 인하여 벼의 재배 가능 기간이 길어짐에 따라 남부지방의 벼 2기작 재배의 가능성을 확인하기 위해 수행되었다. 전기작 벼는 4월 15일에 9 개의 품종을 이앙하였다. 전기작 벼의 수확 후 후기작으로는 11개의 품종을 8월 1일에 이앙하여 11월 초에 수확하였다. 전기작의 5 개의 품종(기라라397, 백일미, 조안, 한설 그리고 중모1031)은 7월 말에 수확이 가능하였다. 전기작은 기라라397과 백일미 품종이 수량이 가장 많았다. 전기작의 쌀 수확량은 지역 평균 수확량의 약 93% 정도였다. 후기작은 지녹과 기라라397이 수량이 가장 많았다. 후기작 벼 재배에서 쌀 수확량은 정상적인 계절 재배보다 생육기간이 짧아 지역 평균 수확량의 약 70% 미만이었다. 결과적으로 한국 남부지역의 벼2기작은 경제적 실효성이 아직은 높지 않지만 지구 온난화로 인한 평균기온 상승과 식량자급율을 고려하여 지속적인 연구가 필요하다고 판단된다.

In the process of cutting large aircraft parts, the tool may be abnormally worn or damaged due to various factors such as mechanical vibration, disturbances such as chips, and physical properties of the workpiece, which may result in deterioration of the surface quality of the workpiece. Because workpieces used for large aircrafts parts are expensive and require strict processing quality, a maintenance plan is required to minimize the deterioration of the workpiece quality that can be caused by unexpected abnormalities of the tool and take maintenance measures at an earlier stage that does not adversely affect the machining. In this paper, we propose a method to indirectly monitor the tool condition that can affect the machining quality of large aircraft parts through real-time monitoring of the current signal applied to the spindle motor during machining by comparing whether the monitored current shows an abnormal pattern during actual machining by using this as a reference pattern. First, 30 types of tools are used for machining large aircraft parts, and three tools with relatively frequent breakages among these tools were selected as monitoring targets by reflecting the opinions of processing experts in the field. Second, when creating the CNC machining program, the M code, which is a CNC auxiliary function, is inserted at the starting and ending positions of the tool to be monitored using the editing tool, so that monitoring start and end times can be notified. Third, the monitoring program was run with the M code signal notified from the CNC controller by using the DAQ (Data Acquisition) device, and the machine learning algorithms for detecting abnormality of the current signal received in real time could be used to determine whether there was an abnormality. Fourth, through the implementation of the prototype system, the feasibility of the method proposed in this paper was shown and verified through an actual example.

본 연구는 동물병원을 방문하거나 펫 앱을 사용하는 반려동물 소유주를 대상으로 수행되었고, 이들의 사육상황, 식용곤충을 사용하는 사료와 기능성 펫 사료에 대한 인지도와 구매의사를 조사 분석하였다. 조사결과, 조사대상의 89.5%가 개나 고양이와 같은 반려동물을 키우고 있었고, 55.6%가 식용곤충을 이용한 반려동물사료에 대해 알고 있었다. 식용곤충을 사용한 반려동물사료에 대해 구매의사를 물었을 때 48.5%가 구매의사를 보였고, 51.5%가 불구매 의사를 보였다. 구매의 주요 이유로는 낮은 알러지 가능성과 높은 영양성을 언급하였고, 불구매 의사의 주요 이유로는 식용곤충에 대한 거부감으로 조사되었다.

Innovation activities represented by Six Sigma (6σ) led to improvements not only in manufacturing industries but also in various business fields. In the aviation industry, Six Sigma has been used as a tool of innovation since the beginning of 2000, and it has developed into a comprehensive form of innovation activity that includes various improvement tools. In this study, the innovation activities in K company that is a representative company of aviation industry are summarized in the last 10 years, and the effectiveness of the innovation tools and the performance of the tasks are also analyzed. The results of 2,091 projects over the past decade have been analyzed from various perspectives. First, we found out the tools that were used frequently at each DMAIC step, showed their frequency, and analyzed the evaluation results for the project. The project was evaluated from grade 1 (highest level) to grade 7 (lowest level) with an average grade of 4.1 for the overall project. The evaluation grades of the projects were compared and analyzed in terms of the qualifications of the leader, the roadmap for the implementation of the project, the financial effect, the size of the financial effect, the business classification, and the project execution period. These results may suggest new perspectives for companies considering or adopting innovation programs.

Inventory inspection is an important task to eliminate the inconsistency between real assets and inventory management systems, and it is performed periodically at the site. In the case of a large-sized property, it is mainly managed in an outdoor workshop or a warehouse. However, due to the large area of the outdoor area, it is relatively difficult to identify the quantity and location of the property and is also vulnerable to theft. To solve this problem, we proposed a method and system for performing a warehouse inventory inspection using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and Bluetooth low energy (BLE) beacons. The proposed method has the following advantages. First of all, if we carry out inventory inspection by utilizing UAV, we can minimize user’s effort compared to existing methods. The method of recognizing the asset by attaching the BLE beacon is more costly than using the existing RFID technology, but it is advantageous because the recognition distance is increased and the battery life of the tag is drastically increased. We also designed a BLE beacon reader for the system and implemented a prototype to show the feasibility of the proposed system. The prototype is based on Genuino 101, which is a kind of arduino, and adds HM-10 and Neo-6m modules to provide Bluetooth and GPS functions. The BLE beacon reader was tested in outdoor, and attached in drone. We also developed an inventory checking system based on the web to display results of inventory checking. The proposed approach enables the users to automate the operation of inventory checking on an outdoor warehouse.

항암작용과 간 질환을 예방하는 약용곤충으로 널리 알려진 흰점박이꽃무지 유충은 2016년 12월 일반식품으로 등록되었으나 판매가가 높아 소비가 활발하게 이루어지지 않고 있어 생산 단가를 낮추는 기술이 요구되고 있는 실정이다. 흰점박이꽃무지의 생산 비용을 절감하고 생산성을 향상시키기 위해 농업부산물인 새송이버섯 수확 후 배지와 표고버섯 수확 후 배지를 유충의 먹이로 급이하여 생육특성과 미량성분, 중금속함 량을 조사하였고 대조구로는 관행으로 사용되고 있는 참나무 발효톱밥을 급이하였다. 새송이버섯 수확 후 배지를 급이한 처리구가 유충사육기간이 16.2일로 가장 짧았고 유충 무게 증가율과 고치 무게는 각각 156.3%와 4.1 g이었다. 새송이버섯 수확 후 배지를 급이한 처리구에서 용화율은 100%였고 우화율은 93.9%로 가장 높았지만 통계적 유의차는 없었다. 또한 총질소함량도 10.28%로 가장 높았고 미량원소 중 철은 145.8 mg/kg으로 다른 먹이와 비교해 높은 결과를 보였다. 성충의 산란선호성은 먹이 간 통계적 유의차가 없었다. 본 연구의 결과를 종합하였을 때 기존에 사용하고 있는 참나무 발효톱밥 대신 새송이버섯 수확 후 배지를 먹이로 사용하면 흰점박이꽃무지 유충 100 kg 당 667,960원의 비용이 감소할 것으로 추정된다.

현재 식용 및 건강보조식품 재료로 사용되고 있는 흰점박이꽃무지는 현재 전국에서 가장 많이 사육되고 있는곤충이며 계속해서 신규 사육농가가 급증하고 있다. 보통의 경우 유충 사료로 미강 등을 첨가한 발효톱밥을 사용하기때문에 사육농가에서 직접 발효할 경우 특정기술이 필요하고 발효톱밥을 구매할 경우 비용이 많이 소요된다. 버섯수확 후 배지는 총질소함량 등 영양성분이 많이 함유되어 있어 발효시키지 않아도 먹이원으로 사용할 수 있다.따라서 특정한 발효기술 없이도 사료를 제공할 수 있어 사료비용 부담을 줄이고 양호한 곤충생육을 도모할 수있을 것으로 판단되어 본 실험을 수행하였다. 버섯 수확 후 배지 급이에 따른 흰점박이꽃무지 유충의 생육특성을알아보기 위해 새송이버섯 수확 후 배지, 표고버섯 수확 후 배지, 그리고 대조구로 참나무 발효톱밥 배지를 각각급이하여 흰점박이꽃무지 유충의 생육을 조사하였다. 각 처리 당 20마리씩 개체사육, 3반복 처리한 결과, 3령 유충말기의 평균 체중은 새송이버섯 수확 후 배지를 급이한 처리구에서 가장 높게 나왔고 유충기간은 새송이버섯수확 후 배지를 급이한 처리구에서 가장 짧았으며 표고버섯 수확 후 배지에서 가장 길었다. 그러므로 흰점박이꽃무지대량 사육 시 먹이원 비용 절감을 위해 새송이버섯 수확 후 배지를 사용하는 것이 가장 효과적인 것으로 판단되었다.

The engineering knowledge and technology is core driving forces of continuous growth in knowledge based society. Companies, the government, and universities are the subjects of an innovation and the cooperation between them is very important. Nowadays, the main purpose of industry-university cooperation moves to train experts and develop a new product. A shift of the paradigm came from the change of recognition that the final consumers of the program are companies and the universities are supporters of the program. In this paper, we investigate the purpose, participation and satisfaction of companies to industry-academy technology cooperation through empirical studies. The need to expert training, product development and process development makes companies participate industry-academy technology cooperation and companies have different purpose of participation by the business type. Companies often feel that expert training, subsidiary purpose of industry-academy technology cooperation, is more important than product development or process development. This result is caused by the real world environment of small and mid-size companies, lacking of technology experts. The participation of companies to each technology cooperation program (technology transfer, joint technology development, consigned technology development, technology consulting, co-op. lab.) is also different by business type. The companies’ satisfaction with the purpose of process development is relatively higher than that with the purpose of product development and companies show also different satisfaction value by business type and participating program. The results of this study can give a contribution to the design of demand oriented industry-academy technology cooperation model.

농촌진흥청에서 개발한 수밀력이 우수한 신품종의 품종 등록 및 정부 장려품종 지정을 위한 꿀벌품종의 수밀력 등 형질특성 평가를 수행한 결과는 다음과 같다. 조사품종은 서양종꿀벌 수밀력 우수 신품종(장원벌)과 봉장 우수품종, 봉장 보통품종 등 3가지 품종이었고 2015년 4월부터 10월까지 경상남도 의령군 꿀벌사육농가에서 조사하였다. 사육방법은 일반 꿀벌 봉군관리 방법을 따랐고 꿀수집능력(수밀력), 질병저항성(청소력), 온순성, 병해충 발생 등을 조사하였다. 장원벌의 벌꿀 수밀력은 대조와 비교하여 31.9%∼55.3% 우수한 것으로 확인되었다. 장원벌의 마리당 로열젤리 생산량은 0.55g으로 대조1 0.42g, 대조2 0.43g과 비교하여 약 30%이상 생산능력이 우수하였다. 장원벌의 공격성 조사를 통한 온순성 비교 결과 장원벌은 자극에 의한 평균 벌침수가 1.3개로 대조(4.0개, 7.3개)에 비하여 3∼6배 온순한 것으로 확인되었다. 시험봉군의 청소력 비교 결과, 장원벌이 24시간 경과 후 청소력이 가장 우수하였으며, 대조구에 비하여 봉개유충 완전 제거능력이 7%∼12% 정도 우수하였다. 응애발생 조사 결과 중국가시응애 증식이 많았으며, 장원벌은 응애류 저항성은 확인하지 못하였다. 봉군질병진단 결과 장원벌과 대조구간의 질병 감염정도에 대한 차이를 확인하지 못하였다.

This study was conducted, using 10 high-quality rice varieties, at 24 experimental sites in 2013 and 2014 to analyze the comparative relationship among head rice yield (HRY), its attributes and sub-attributes. In the data set pooled across sites, years and varieties, where regional and varietal variations were combined, HRY was associated with milled rice yield (MRY) more closely than percentage of head rice (PHR) although both MRY and HRY demonstrated significant relationship with HRY. In the PHR higher than 80%, compared to 80% or less, fitness of the regression between PHR and HRY decreased. MRY and PHR, the two attributes of HRY, were not significantly associated with each other. Regional variation of HRY was associated only with MRY while varietal variation of HRY was related to both MRY and PHR. HRY and MRY showed regional variation greater than varietal variation meanwhile PHR demonstrated regional and varietal variations in a similar range. In the data set pooled across sites, years and varieties, MRY demonstrated relationship with spikelets per square meter (SPIK) in a higher significance than percentage of grain filling (PGF) and 1000-brown rice weight (TBRW). Both regional and varietal variations of MRY showed significant relationship only with SPIK, neitherwith PGF nor TBRW. It is concluded that regional variation of HRY was affected by MRY, varietal variation by both MRY and PHR, and region-variety combined variation mainly by MRY.