The purpose of this paper is to identify a relative importance and priority of the factors of Competencies of project team member. It aims to present the differential competency factors from a differentiated perspective by applying the Leadership Development Questionnaire, which is the competency dimension required for manager, to team member. (1) Background: The diverse needs of customers and companies, and the uncertainty, complexity, ambiguity, and volatility of the environment surrounding the company in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution threaten the survival of company. In this respect, companies should implement the project management approach and strive to increase the capabilities of each team member. (2) Methods: AHP method was used to prioritize which factors were considered more importance level and the gap of relative importance level between project manager group and team members group. (3) Results: In the analysis of the relative importance of the upper class, weights were derived in the order of managerial competence, intellectual competence, and emotional competence. The sub-factor that respondents prioritize was communication as the 1st priority, and it was analyzed in the order of strategic perspective, achieving, critical analysis and judgement, and vision and imagination. There were some differences in the ranking of the relative importance of achieving and vision and imagination attributes between the PM group and TM group, it was analyzed that there was no significant difference overall. (4) Implications: The results of this study confirmed the recognition that team members are required to have the same competencies as the project manager. And based on the priorities of the competencies required of team members, companies are expected to cultivate professional and competent team members, and expand the roles and authority of team members so that they can actively carry out projects.

Acetic acid bacteria strains were isolated from a variety of fermented foods and fallen fruits. Among them, the strain MAK88, whose acetic acid fermentation ability, acid-tolerance, and alcohol-tolerance were high, was selected and identified as Acetobacter orientalis. A seed culture of A. orientalis MAK88 was inoculated into onion juice, and the optimum conditions of acetic acid fermentation was investigated. The optimum initial concentration of ethanol in onion juice was 5% (v/v) and in that condition, acidity was 4.31% at 144 h of fermentation. The optimum initial concentration of acetic acid was 1% and the final acidity was 5.32%. The optimum fermentation temperature was determined to be 28oC. The most appropriate preparation method of onion juice was to heat the onion at 121oC for 15 min and produce juice with pressure followed by filtering, and then sterilization at 121oC for 15 min. Prepared onion juice was used for fermentation without dilution.

This study aims to clarify the aesthetic values between emotion of human and expression of technology in contemporary fashion as it analyzes formative characteristics of related cases in fashion based on principles of 3D Printing technology and the viewpoint of mechanic aesthetics. The conclusions of this study are as follows. First, 3D Printing fashion is not only expressed diverse variations by its principles of formative methods, materials and properties, but also changes of silhouette by applying system of designers. Second, general characteristics of 3D Printing fashion is represented by various applications in SLS system, and it can be specifically explained application to a portion of clothing, decorative roles of clothing, complicated pattern making through crossing fabrics using 3D scanner and displaying a certain object changing fashion styles, and so forth. Third, the formative characteristics of 3D Printing fashion from the perspective of mechanic aesthetics is as follows. It can be analyzed as the integration of metaphysical values through compared symbolization of natural feature and technical evolution, partial dynamics and interactive velocity-based, formative combinations for abstract expression using architectural components, cosmos images and substantialized structures through images of organic space interacted human shapes. As the mention above, 3D Printing technology can creative a diverse area of fashion, and express images of new technological fashion through various works with continuous development of techniques.

Our previous study demonstrated that fermented four-herb combination (Ulgum, Yagmomil, Maesil and Bokbunja) with probiotics (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis) (hence, this additives was designated PFH) have immune enhancing and antibacterial effects in broiler chickens. The aims of the present study were to investigate the effects of PFH on growth performance and meat quality of broiler chickens. Twenty-day-old Ross broiler chickens were fed with or without PFH for 2 weeks. Body weight gain of the 2% PFH-fed group was significantly increased compared with those of the control group (*P<0.05). Moreover, body weight gain of the 1% PFH-fed group was also showed a increased tendency compared with the control group, although the difference was not significant (P=0.06). However, no significant difference in feed intake was observed among the groups. Feed conversion ratio of the 2% PFH-fed group was significantly decreased compared with those of the control group (*P <0.05). In addition, feed conversion ratio of the 1% PFH-fed group was also showed a slightly decreased tendency compared with the control group, although the difference was not significant (P=0.07). However, no significant differences in the proximate composition (moisture, crude fat, crude protein and crude ash) and the physico-chemical index (cooking loss, shearing force, water holding capacity and pH) were found among the groups. In addition, succulence, tending and flavor in meat of all 3 groups were also not different. Taken together, these findings suggest the possibility that PFH could be used as the alternative of antibiotic growth promoters by improving the performance of broiler chickens.

This study is aimed to increase the activity of cathodic catalysts for PEMFCs(Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells). we investigated the temperature effect of 20wt% Pt/C catalysts at five different temperatures. The catalysts were synthesized by using chemical reduction method. Before adding the formaldehyde as reducing agent, process was undergone for 2 hours at the room temperature (RT), 40˚C, 60˚C, 80˚C and 100˚C, respectively. The performances of synthesize catalysts are compared. The electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was studied on 20wt% Pt/C catalysts by using a glassy carbon electrode through cyclic voltammetric curves (CV) in a 1M H2SO4 solution. The ORR specific activities of 20wt% Pt/C catalysts increased to give a relative ORR catalytic activity ordering of 80˚C > 100˚C > 60˚C > 40˚C > RT. Electrochemical active surface area (EAS) was calculated with cyclic voltammetry analysis. Prepared Pt/C (at 80˚C, 100˚C) catalysts has higher ESA than other catalysts. Physical characterization was made by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The TEM images of the carbon supported platinum electrocatalysts (80˚C, 100˚C) showed homogenous particle distribution with particle size of about 2~3.5 nm. We found that a higher reaction temperature resulted in more uniform particle distribution than lower reaction temperature and then the XRD results showed that the crystalline structure of the synthesized catalysts are seen FCC structure.

To estimate the genetic characteristics and cumulative power of discrimination (CPD) existing among Hanwoo (Korean cattle) and exotic foreign population (Angus, Herford, Charolais, Holstein) we used a total of 414 genomic DNAs from five breeds population (Hanwoo, Angus, Hereford, Charolais, Holstein). Genetic characteristics indices including mean allele number among loci, unbiased heterozygosity () within locus and polymorphic information content (PIC) and unbiased average heterozygosity (H) among loci in four breeds were calculated using the generated allele frequencies by each marker. The mean allele numbers for all loci ranged between 5 and 7 while heterozygosity (H) ranged from 0.75 (HW) to 0.64 (HF) among loci and across breeds heterozygosity (H) was 0.69. The generated unbiased average heterozygosity among loci in each breed was integrated to the global formula of CPD resulting in 99.71 % within the populations. The genetic variation of HW (Hanwoo) showed highest estimates among the analyzed breeds.

선박은 해상에서 정박시 앵커를 이용함으로써 선박에 작용하는 외력에 대항하여 주묘를 방지하고 선박의 안전성을 확보하여야 한 다. 선박의 안전한 투묘 작업을 수행하기 위해서는 앵커의 파주운동과 파주력 특성에 대한 기본적인 이해가 필요하다. 앵커의 초기 투묘시 해 저에서의 앵커 자세에 따르는 파주운동과 파주력 특성을 파악하기 위하여 길이 6미터의 저질이 모래인 수조에서 앵커 모형의 예인 실험을 실 시하였다. 실험에 사용된 앵커 모형은 실무에서 많이 사용되고 있는 ASS형과 AC-14형 앵커를 대상으로 하였다. 실험 결과 앵커 형태와 관계 없이 앵커의 초기 위치가 예인 방향과 동일한 경우와 직각으로 놓여 진 상태에서는 앵커 플루크가 최대 깊이까지 파고 들어 가고, 이 최대 깊 이에서 일정한 심도를 유지한 채 파주운동을 하고 있는 것을 확인하였다. 앵커가 예인 방향과 반대 방향으로 초기 투묘된 경우 다른 초기 위치 상태에 비해서 파주력 계수 값이 작아지는 모습을 보이고 있으므로 앵커 투묘시 특히 주의를 해야 될 것으로 판단된다.

학업, 취업 혹은 결혼을 목적으로 한국으로 유입되는 외국인의 수가 급증하면서 다문화 사회로 급속히 변화되고 있다. 이들 중 결혼하여 국내에 정착한 이주여성은 자녀를 건강하게 양육하여 가족의 행복은 물론 사회의 존속과 번영을 책임지게 된다. 따라서 이들이 자녀의 건강을 책임질 수 있도록 영양가 있는 음식의 중요성을 인식시킬 수 있는 교육이 필요하다. 한국어가 유창하지 않은 이들에게 이론교육을 실시하는 것은 자칫 지루할 수 있으며 조리강습은 가사노동의 연장이라는 부담이 될 수 있으므로 에듀테인먼트 개념을 도입한 미술교육 프로그램을 개발하였다. 그리고 2회에 걸쳐 중국, 필리핀, 베트남 출신 등의 결혼이주여성과 그들의 가족을 대상으로 실시하였다. 오방색을 소재로 하여 개발한 본 미술교육 프로그램은 이론교육과 실기교육으로 구성되어 있다. 먼저 이론교육은 시각자료를 이용하여 오방색과 건강과의 관계, 오방색으로 만들어진 한국음식과 소품, 그리고 결혼이주여성의 모국의 대표음식에 대해 스토리텔링형식으로 20분간 진행되었다. 그리고 약 2시간 동안 자녀의 건강을 기원하면서 창의적인 작품을 점토로 제작하고 발표와 토론의 시간을 가졌다. 이 프로그램을 통해서 결혼이주여성들은 좋은 식재료의 선택과 영양가 높은 음식이 자녀의 건강에 중요한 영향을 미친다는 것을 깨닫고 좋은 음식을 통해 자녀를 건강한 다문화사회의 주역으로 양성시킬 수 있는 능력을 배양하였다.