Carbon short fibers/copper composites with different carbon short fiber contents up to 15 wt.% as reinforcements are prepared to investigate the influence of the carbon short fiber surface coating on the microstructure, density, and electrical properties of the carbon short fibers/copper composites. The carbon short fibers were surface treated by acid functionalization followed by alkaline treatment before the coating process. It was observed from the results that coated type copper nanoparticles were deposited on the surface of the carbon short fibers. The surface treated carbon short fibers were coated by copper using the electroless deposition technique in the alkaline tartrate bath by using formaldehyde as a reducing agent of the copper sulfate. The produced coated carbon short fibers/copper composite powders were cold compacted at 600 MPa, and then sintered at 875 °C for 2 h under (hydrogen/nitrogen 1:3) atmosphere. A reference copper sample was also prepared by the same method to compare between the properties of pure copper and the carbon short fibers/copper composites. The phase composition, morphology, and microstructure of the prepared carbon short fibers/copper composite powders as well as the corresponding carbon short fibers/copper composites were investigated using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS), respectively. The density and the electrical resistivity of the sintered composites were measured. It was observed from the results that the density was decreased; however, the electrical resistivity was increased by increasing the carbon short fibers wt.%.

“시진핑 신시대 중국특색 사회주의(Xi Jinping new era’s socialism with Chinese characteristics)” 배경 하에 중국의 외교정책은 3.0시대로 진입했다. 3.0시대의 중국외교정책은 2017년 이후에 두 가지 새로운 발전(New developments)을 추가로 제시하였다. 첫째는 중공 19대 회의에서 “주변외교방침”(Neighborhood diplomacy)을 강조하였고, “일대일로”(the Belt and Road Initiative)를 당장(Party constitution)에 넣었다. 둘째는 중국의 헌법에 “평화발전도로를 견지한다”, “호익공영개방전략을 견지한다”, 및 “인류운명공동체를 추진한다” 3가지 내용을 추가하였다. 중국이 아시아의 중요한 나라 중의 하나로써 3.0시대 중국외교정책의 이러한 새로운 발전변화는 주변국가에 많은 영향을 줄 것으로 판단된다. 본 논문은 문헌연구를 기반으로 중국 3.0시대 외교정책의 새로운 발전변화를 파악하고 이들이 한반도 평화과정에 어떤 영향을 미칠지 분석하고자 한다. 연구결과로 중국의 3.0시대외교는 동북아시아, 특히 한반도의 비핵화 및 평화프로세스를 중점으로 두고 있다. 한반도의 평화 및 발전은 중국의 국익(National interest)과 일치하며, 중국은 관련 국가들과 함께 한반도의 평화를 위해 노력할 것이다. 또한 중국은 향후에 “일대일로” 및 “인류운명공동체” 측면에서 볼 때 남북한과 지역발전전략 연계(Docking)를 통해 한반도 발전에도 큰 도움을 줄 것이다.

‘Japonica 7’(Registration No. BPI-NSIC-2019-Rc 584)은 열대지역에 적응하는 고품질 다수성 자포니카 벼를 개발 하기 위하여 2020년 육성되었으며 육성 과정 및 주요 특성은 다음 과 같다. 1. ‘Japonica 7’은 열대지역 적응 고품질 자포니카 다수성 품종 육성을 목적으로 필리핀 소재 국제미작연구소 (IRRI)에서 농촌진흥청 파견 연구원 주도로 2012년 건기에 필리핀 국제미작연구소에서 ‘Japonica 2’와 ‘IR11K233’를 교배한 후 계 통육종법으로 육성된 품종이다. 2. 2012년 우기에 F1세대로 부터 얻은 종자를 이용하여 F6 세대까지 계통을 전개하는 과정에서 선발된 ‘IR101055-52-2- 1-2-2’ 계통을 대상으로 2017~2018년 2년간 우기 및 건기 각 2회 지역적응시험을 실시한 결과 그 우수성이 인정되어 2020 년에 필리핀 벼 품종심의위원회에서 장려품종으로 선정되고 ‘Japonica 7’으로 명명되었다. 3. ‘Japonica 7’은 파종부터 수확까지 생육일수가 111일인 조생종으로, 간장과 수장, 포기당 이삭수는 ‘MS 11’과 비슷하다. 등숙률은 89%로 ‘MS 11’보다는 낮은 편이나 ‘Japonica 1’ 보다는 높았다. 현미천립중은 23.3g으로 ‘MS 11’과 비슷한 중립중이다. 4. 병해충 반응은 도열병과 잎집무늬마름병 및 흰잎마름병 에는 중도저항성이나 퉁그로바이러스에는 약하다. 벼멸구와 애멸구에는 중도 또는 감수성이었으나 이화명충의 일종인 White stemborer에는 ‘MS 11’과 비슷하게 강한 편이다. 5. ‘Japonica 7’의 곡립은 중립종이고 완전미 도정수율이 58.8%로 ‘MS 11’보다 높았으며, 필리핀 소비자 선호도는 ‘Japonica 7’이 대비품종인 ‘MS 11’ 보다 쌀에서는 75.6%, 밥맛에서는 81.1%로 현저하게 높게 나타났다. 6. ‘Japonica 7’의 수량은 필리핀 지역적응시험 평균 3.03 MT/ha로 대비품종 ‘MS 11’보다 17% 높았으며 시험한 전지역에서 전반적으로 표준품종인 ‘MS 11’보다 전 지역에서 안정적으로 높은 수량을 나타냈다.

This study examined the effects of an intervention using audiobooks for the development of reading fluency, in terms of reading speed, reading comprehension, and motivation to read among Kazakhstani English as a foreign language (EFL) ninth-grade learners in the K–11 system. Silent reading with audiobooks (experimental group) and silent reading only (control group) were compared with a mixed-method study design, a reading motivation questionnaire, and a semi-structured interview. Quantitative data analysis was conducted using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The experimental group was found to significantly outperform the control group in reading speed while preserving substantial comprehension of the texts. The results further revealed that, while both groups’ motivation level increased, no statistically significant difference was found between the experimental and control groups, suggesting that the use of audiobooks was not superior to silent reading for motivation enhancement. Nevertheless, a qualitative analysis of data obtained from the interviews revealed that the use of audiobooks had an overall positive effect on students’ attitudes toward the use of audiobooks and reading comprehension. The study concludes with a discussion of limitations and suggestions for future research.

This paper reports a survey done that examined the relationship between the use of Facebook, WhatsApp, Twitter and Youtube on students’ academic performance in Osun State secondary schools. The study adopted the descriptive research design. The population of the study comprised all 7,767 teachers in Osun State secondary schools. The sample of 385 teachers was randomly selected. Two self-designed questionnaires were used. The data were analysed using Pearson Product Movement Correlation Statistics (PPMCS) at 0.05 level of significant. The findings showed that the use of Facebook (r = 0.692, df = 2071 & p<0.05), WhatsApp (r = 0.615, df = 2071 & p<0.05), Twitter (r = 0.542, df = 2071 & p<0.05), and Youtube (r = 0.461, df = 2071 & p<0.05) were significantly related to students’ academic performance of Osun State secondary schools. The study concluded that that the use of Facebook, WhatsApp, Twitter and Youtube among teachers and students had positive contributions to students’ academic performance of Osun State secondary schools. The findings implicate that the teachers and students in Osun State secondary schools and Nigeria at large should admire the use of social medial such as Facebook WhatsApp, Twitter and Youtube as an interactive forum for teaching-learning activities.

파키스탄의 포퓰리즘 조직은 몇 가지 유형으로 나눌 수 있다, 그 중에 극단적 포퓰리즘 조직의 예를 들면 발루치스탄(Baluchistan), 신드(Sindh), 길기트(Gilgit) 등 지역의 포퓰리즘조직은 역사적, 정치적 원인으로 테러리즘 성질을 가지고 있다. 이러한 극단적 포퓰리즘 조직들은 파키스탄의 국가 안보 및 발전에 영향을 줄 뿐만 아니라 중-파 양국관계 및 “일대일로”를 중심으로 한 협력에도 영향을 준다. 이 조직들이 어떻게 형성되었는지, 어떤 특징을 갖고 있는지를 연구하고 구체적으로 파키스탄 및 국제사회에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가가 학계의 관심사이다. 본 논문은 문헌연구를 통해 파키스탄의 포퓰리즘조직을 분류하고, 조직구성 및 그들의 테러리즘활동이 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 극단적 포퓰리즘조직들은 파키스탄의 국내정치환경을 악화시키고 본국의 국제화를 지연시킨다. 이와 더불어 파키스탄의 경제성장발전과 국민생활 수준의 향상을 저해시키고 있다. 또한 주변국가간의 외교관계도 악화시키고 있다는 점도 도출하였다.

파키스탄과 중국은 전통적 우의와 '전천후 전략 협력 동반자 관계'를 유지하고 있는 나라로 양국은 '일대일로'를 배경으로 한 각종 협력과 교류가 세계 각국의 광범위한 관심을 받고 있다. 특히 2018년 정의운동당 (PTI)이 파키스탄의 제일 큰 당이 되었으며, 뚜렷한 포퓰리즘의 색깔을 가진 임란 칸이 파키스탄 총리로 당선된 후 파키스탄의 내정 외교를 이끌어 중-파 양국의 외교관계와 경제무역협조에 어떤 영향을 줄 것인지 주목된다. 본문은 문헌 연구의 방식을 채택하여 임란 칸이 파키스탄의 총리 당선한 후에 파기스탄의 포퓰리즘의 발전 변화를 분석하고, 임란 칸 정부의 민주주의적 특징을 중점적으로 연구했다.

Motile aeromonad septicaemia (MAS) mostly caused by Aeromonas hydrophila is a disease of high economic impact in freshwater organism. This study examined the seroconversion and seroprotection of formalinised local isolates of Aeromonas hydrophila in the Clarias gariepinus administered via different routes. Highly virulent Aeromonas hydrophila was treated with 40v/v formalin for 24 h. Bacterin was suspended to 0.5 McFarland standard and utilized to immunize Clarias gariepinus of 400±20 g in three groups with 50 samples each via three routes of administration. Antibody measurement taken at regular intervals before and after vaccination revealed a significantly higher antibody values in all routes compared to the control and difference was noticed at all intervals. Relative percent survival was 71.43, 62.86 and 57.14 intraperitoneal, intramuscular and immersion routes, respectively. Correlation analysis established a strong and direct relationship in the antibody generation through route of administration and efficacy of vaccine. This local vaccine was able to confer a high degree of immunity on Clarias gariepinus and can therefore be used to vaccinate against MAS.

East Nusa Tenggara (ENT) is one of seven provinces in the eastern region of Indonesia that contribute to the large number of out of school children (OOSC). A research study has been carried out to investigate the characteristics of OOSC and to determine the statistical model explaining factors that influence the OOSC occurrence in the age group 13 – 15 years in ENT. Data of OOSC were obtained from the Education Department and Regional Planning Board in 6 selected districts in ENT that were produced from the community based education information system (CBEIS) survey in coordination with UNICEF Kupang in 2013. The districts were Sikka, Timor Tengah Selatan (TTS), West Sumba, East Sumba, Central Sumba and the City of Kupang. A response variable of the study was the state of the children’s education with the category ‘yes’ for school and ‘no’ for out of school. Data was then analysed using descriptive analysis and multiple logistic regression method. The analysis shows that there were 795 OOSC in 10350 children in the junior high school age group. The majority of them are males, living in the country side, have farmer parents, are from families with wealth quintile on the bottom class and have mothers with no education. Logistic analysis on the best model shows that literacy, working status, disability, occupation of household heads, wealth quintile, possession of birth certificate, living status are the factors that significantly affect the number of OOSC in the 13-15 age group. Odds ratio values of the first three factors are 26.5; 12.8 and 7.5 respectively.

We present an ongoing study of the complete sample of supernova remnants (SNRs) and candidates in the Magellanic Clouds. 108 objects in both Clouds are considered to be either SNR or reliable candidates. This represents the most complete sample of all known SNRs in any galaxy. It therefore allows us to study SNR population properties such as the age-diameter (Age-D) relation. Here, we show that this Age-D relation is strongly dependant on the local environment in which SNRs are residing.

The purpose of this study is to investigate which of the main social and personality factors affect the attitudes of consumers towards counterfeit products and their purchase intentions in one of largest counterfeit product market as much as the attractive one for the Global Luxury goods ,namely Turkey.

In vibration analysis of ships, the principle aim is to determine the natural frequencies and excitation frequencies, and use this information to avoid resonances and vibration damage. The simplest method is to prevent resonance conditions, which is effective as long as the natural frequencies and excitation frequencies can be regarded as independent from environmental conditions. For ships that use electric propulsion systems, the sources of vibration are reduced compared with those caused by a diesel engine or other combustion-based propulsion systems. However, the frequency spectrum of these vibrations may be different; therefore, to understand the characteristics of the electric propulsion, we also should investigate how the ship responds to these vibrations. We focused on a 1,000-ton deadweight (DWT) ocean-research vessel using an electric propulsion system and analyzed the response to vibration.