This study was carried out to investigate the difference of the content of soil chemical components and growthcharacteristics in six years old ginseng affected by application of decomposing plant residues in paddy-converted field. Theresults show that aerial parts of ginseng are no difference between press cake (PC) 200㎏/10a and control but subterraneanparts of ginseng PC 200㎏/10a, especially quantity related root fresh weight and tap root diameter, are statically about 1.6times heavier and about 1.2 times thicker than the ginseng control. Furthermore, the survival rate of PC 200㎏/10a is67.1% rise significantly compare with the control 50.7%. But compared with the PC 200㎏/10a and the PC 400㎏/10a,ginseng root growth and survival rate of PC 400㎏/10a get worse and that increase physiological disorder occurrence ratethan PC 200㎏/10a. Even though there are no significant differences between the ginseng of decomposing plant residuesexcept press cake treatment and the ginseng of control in growth characteristics, it does tend to increase the survival rateand decrease the physiological disorder occurrence rate in most fertilizer treatment except for RSC 2ton/10a, RSC 4ton/10a and RH 4kL/10a. Noted that EC is highly increased and exceeded 1.7ds/m in RSC 2ton/10a, RSC 4ton/10a and RH4kL/10a. It would be caused physiological disorder in many ways and affected ginseng growth characteristics, survival rate.

The development of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and expressed sequence tag-derivedsimple sequence repeats (EST-SSRs) provided a useful tool for investigating Korean ginseng genetic diversity. In this study,18 polymorphic markers (7 RAPD and 11 EST-SSR) selected to assess the genetic diversity in 31 ginseng accessions (11Korean ginseng cultivars and 20 breeding lines). In RAPD analysis, a total of 53 unique polymorphic bands were obtainedfrom ginseng accessions and number of amplicons ranged from 4 to 11 with a mean of 7.5 bands. Pair-wise genetic similaritycoefficient (Nei) among all pairs of ginseng accessions varied from 0.01 to 0.32, with a mean of 0.11. On the basis of theresulting data, the 31 ginseng accessions were grouped into six clusters. As a result of EST-SSR analysis, 11 EST-SSR mark-ers detected polymorphisms among the 31 ginseng accessions and revealed 49 alleles with a mean of 4.45 alleles per primer.The polymorphism information content (PIC) value ranged from 0.06 to 0.31, with an average of 0.198. The 31 ginsengaccessions were classified into five groups by cluster analysis based on Nei’s genetic distances. Consequently, the results ofginseng-specific RAPD and EST-SSR markers may prove useful for the evaluation of genetic diversity and discrimination ofKorean ginseng cultivars and breeding lines.

여명'은 양파와 파간의 종간교잡을 이용하여 육성된 품종으로 추파용 비가림하우스 재배에 적합하며 주요 품종특성은 다음과 같다. 1. 초형은 외대파형이며 엽색은 파에 비해 다소 진하며 위경기부에 안토시아닌이 착색되며 비대가 약하게 일어난다. 2. 수량구성요소인 초장, 위경장, 위경너비가 크고 주당 생체중은 302 g으로 다수성 형질을 가지고 있다. 3. 파밤나방, 노균병, 녹병, 흑반병에 저항성이 있다. 4. 수량은 13,128 kg/10a로 '금장'에 비

양파 신품종 "영풍황"은 국립원예특작과학원 목포출장소에서 2008년에 육성한 F1 수식 이미지 품종으로 주요특성과 수량성은 다음과 같다 1. 수확기의 지표인 도복기는 5월 26일로 중생종 품종이며 초형은 반개장형이다. 2. 구형은 넓은 달걀형이며 대고형 품종으로 수량성이 높다. 3. 저장성이 좋은 품종이며 평균수량은 83.4 MT/ha으로 다수성이다.

This study was to set the guidelines of soil chemical components in order to assure the safety and quality ofthe panax ginseng from physiological disorder. The disorder symptoms appeared on the leaf with yellow spot, atrophy, yel-low-brown spot, also showed red skin and rough skin of the root. Occurrence type of physiological disorder in cultivatedfield divided into two types:type I ‘such as, yellow spot’ consist of single disorder symptom; type II ‘such as, yellow spotand yellow-brown spot’ consist of two or more different disorder symptoms. The individual contribution of soil properties tothe occurrence type was as follows ; The yellow spot was affected by Na>NO3-N>salinity (EC) in soil. The same results wasobserved in red skin. Atrophy was affected by NO3-N>salinity (EC)>Ca>Mg. Rough skin was affected by P2O5>pH>Organic material > K. It showed positive associated to P2O5, pH and K, but negative associated to organic matter. Simulta-neous occurrence of two different disorder, including cases which yellow spot and yellow-brown spot, those were affected byNO3-N > salinity (EC) > Na > Mg. In the case of atrophy plus yellow-brown spot, those also were affected by in the order :NO3-N > salinity (EC) > Ca > Mg > Na. Red-rough skin was affected in the order : salinity (EC) > NO3-N > K > Na. Soilchemical components appear to be related to occurrence of physiological disorder, particularly in salinity (EC) and NO3-N.The salinity (EC) and NO3-N were negative related to plant growth. In addition, exchangeable cation capacity play criticalroles in attributing to complex occurrence of physiological disorder.

The purpose of this study was to identify soil physical characteristics as guideline for high yield potential inginseng cultivated field which produced 6 years root. Harvest yields of ginseng to be divided by parent rock was in order ofphyllite and red shale 3.1㎏/3.3㎡ > granite and gneiss·schist 3.0㎏ > basalt 2.6㎏ > porphyry 2.2㎏ in upland and forestsoil. Also, with classified by topography, it was in order of foot slope and alluvial fan 3.2㎏/3.3㎡ > valley 3.0㎏ > low hill2.9㎏ > hill, lave flow and dilluvial terrace 2.8㎏ in survey tilth. Class determination of soil texture, it was in order of sandyloam 3.1㎏/3.3㎡ > loam and silt loam 3.0㎏ > clay loam 2.9㎏ > silt clay loam 2.8㎏ in survey tilth. Slope condition offarming land, in case of sloping (2~7%), it was 3.1㎏/3.3㎡ but deep sloping (15~30%) caused decreasing harvest yield. Indrainage classes (excessively, well and moderately well), there was no significantly different in harvest yields. Relationshipbetween harvest yield and soil series, Production sites as yielding 3.0㎏/3.3㎡ were seven sites, also it was contained 14 soilseries. Production sites as yielding 2.5~3.0㎏/3.3㎡ were eleven sites, it was contained 16 soil series. Production sites asyielding 2.0~2.5㎏/3.3㎡ were 10 sites, it was contained 4 soil series.

This study was carried out to select economical byproduct composts as the substitute for the traditionalorganic fertilizer, Yacto, in the cultivation of ginseng seedlings, and to investigate the application method of a selected com-post. Among tested byproduct composts, popped rice hull compost was the best substitute for Yacto, while the application ofdomestic animal manure composts resulted in red skinned roots of ginseng seedlings. Optimal mixing ratio of the poppedrice hull compost with virgin soil (fine sand) were 3~4:1 in bulk, showing the same root yield compared to that of conven-tional seedbed soil. When the popped rice hull compost was lower than 1±0.1% in nitrogen content, the expeller cake of oilseed was added to seedbed soil to rise nitrogen content until 1±0.1%.

This study was carried out to investigate the difference of growth characteristics, yield and extract content between upland and paddy ginseng cultured with 4­year-old ginseng in 2003. Although upland ginseng showed larger variation in yield than that of paddy ginseng, the average of it was greater than that of paddy ginseng because it showed better growth of aerial part and higher survival rate than that of paddy ginseng. Moisture content of fresh root was 71.8~%~;(68.5~~73.1~%),~;and~;72.7~%~;(70.2 ~~74.9~%) on average in upland and paddy ginseng, respectively. Paddy ginseng showed higher hardness in taproot, and higher rate of rusty colored root than that of upland ginseng. The ratio of taproot dry weight in upland ginseng was smaller than that of paddy ginseng, while that of lateral root was larger in upland ginseng. Ratio of marketable root (>60g) to total harvested roots was 13.7~%~;(0.82~~8.0~%)~;and~;7.7~%~;(1.6~~12.6~%) in upland and paddy ginseng, respectively. Extract content did not show distinct difference between upland and paddy ginseng, but it showed large variation from 16.1~;to~;25.1~% in taproot, and from 24.2~;to~;32.5~% in lateral root depanding on the ginseng field examined.