Companies are paying attention to project governance to realize their goal strategies, project success, and project value in a rapid and complex environment due to the development of information technology. This study aims to explore project governance and factors from literature review and practice guides related to project governance and empirically analyze the impact of project governance factors on IT project objective performance. The survey was conducted on project managers, project team members, and project management members with experience in carrying out business IT projects within two years at companies in various industries in Korea. The main conclusion is as follows. Among the project governance factors, disclosure and reporting that uses and reports using appropriate and reliable information about projects related to decision-making activities positively impact the achievement of IT project objectives: business success and stakeholder satisfaction. Among the project governance factors, project sponsorship, a role that effectively connects management and projects, and a project management framework that provides tools, procedures, resources, and techniques for projects positively impact IT project objective performance. This study is of academic and practical significance in that it identifies the definition and factors of project governance through companies in various industries in Korea and the positive impact of project governance factors on IT project objective performance.

백색칼라(Zantedeschia aethiopica) 신품종 ‘Swan’은 국립원 예특작과학원에서 2017년에 육성하였다. ‘Swan’의 모본은 다화성인 ‘Childsiana’와 무름병에 강한 ‘Wedding March’를 부본으로 2004년에 교배하여 구근을 양성 후 2008년부터 2016년까지 생육 및 개화 특성, 균일성에 대하여 특성검정을 실시하였다. 2017년에 3차 특성검정을 실시하여 최종 선발한 후 직 무육성품종심의회에 상정하여 ‘Swan’으로 명명하였다. ‘Swan’ 의 생육 및 개화특성은 부본으로 사용된 ‘Wedding March’를 대조품종으로 조사하였다. 백색(RSH W155C)화색의 ‘Swan’ 은 화포의 길이와 폭이 각각 11.2cm와 10.3cm인 중형 품종이다. 주당 화수는 2.1개로 대조품종보다 2배 많으며 꽃대길이가 77.1cm로 대조품종(68.7cm)보다 길다. 개화소요일수는 65 일로 조기개화 품종이다. 절화수명은 17일(대조12일)로 길며, 무름병 중도저항성으로 구근증식량(13.3개/주)이 우수하고 소비자기호도가 높다. ‘Swan’ 품종은 2020년 4월 28일에 국립종 자원에 품종등록(등록번호 제8092호)되었다.

1. 본 연구는 한국 재래종 강낭콩 209자원의 phytochemical 및 항산화활성을 평가하였다. 2. 항산화활성은 DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, SOD를 분석하였으며 phytochemical은 kaempferol, myricetin, quercetin, naringenin 함량을 각각 분석하였다. 3. 항산화활성은 강낭콩 자원 간 다양한 분포를 보였으며 DPPH의 경우 62.3~643.9 (IC50), ABTS의 경우 0.28~1.49 mgAAE/g, FRAP의 경우 0.41~5.44 mgAAE/g, SOD의 경우 50.4 ~ 299.8 (IC50)로 나타났다. 4. Relative antioxidant capacity index (RACI)로 강낭콩 자원의 항산화활성을 비교한 결과 IT104587이 가장 높은 항산화활성을 보였으며 IT189598이 가장 낮은 항산화활성을 보였다. 5. 분석된 Phytochemical 중에서 한국 재래종 강낭콩에서는 Kaempferol이 가장 높은 함량을 나타냈다. 6. PCA 분석 결과 209자원은 3개의 그룹으로 나뉘었으며 이중 그룹 III에 속한 46자원의 강낭콩이 낮은 항산화활성 및 phytochemical 함량을 보였다. 7. 본 연구 결과는 한국 재래종 강낭콩의 항산화활성 및 phytochemical 정보를 제공하며 이 정보는 강낭콩 품종 개발을 위한 기초 정보로 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

Feeding effects of the honeybee pollen products from both domestic, China, Spain and mixture of different origin on the colony development of earth bumblebee, Bombus terrestris L., were surveyed to evaluate efficient nutritional resources for commercial bombiculture in Korea. As the results, the domestic pollen was most effective to achieve high rates of oviposition (88%), colony foundation (70%), and queen production. While feeding with domestic pollens during the egg-laying period, and domestic+Chinese mixture (5:2) during the breeding period (Plot-2), it revealed high oviposition rate of 75%, colony foundation of 65%, and large numbers of adult queen production, indicating its suitability for generation subculturing. In the Plot-3, the same high oviposition rate (75%) was obtained except for feeding with the domestic+Chinese mixture (2:5) during the breeding period, which produced large number of workers.

In recent years, not only the cultivation area of Jujube in Korea but also the number of pest species has increased.The farmers farming environmentally friendly are in great difficulty because there are no effective control materials. Thisstudy was conducted to investigate the control effect of the environment friendly materials on two pest species (Caposinasasakii and Spodoptera litura) in jujube orchard. As a result, Sophora extract and paraffin oil showed over 70% controlefficacy to the C. sasakii and Sophora extract show over 90% control efficacy to the S. litura. Therefore, Sophora extractand paraffin oil were thought to be a envionment friendly effctive materials in controlling the C. sasakii and S. litura.

Evaluation of the antioxidant activity of the bakery products is important in order to establish healthy consumption patterns. Aronia and blackberry extract at different levels (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) were used to investigate their comparative effects on the physical properties and antioxidant capacity of cookies. The final cookies were evaluated for physicochemical and sensory properties as well as total phenol content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and FRAP assay. Substitution of aronia and blackberry extracts significantly (p<0.05) increased the moisture content and spread ratio compared to the control that did not contain the extract. However, types of the extract (aronia or blackberry) did not significantly affects the moisture and spread ratio of cookies at the same concentrations (p>0.05). The lightness and yellowness values of cookies were decreased while the redness value was increased by the amount of the extract compared to control (p<0.05). For textural properties, the hardness and chewiness of cookies were increased by the concentration of extract, and highest at 20% of both extracts. Polyphenol content in the cookies was increased with the concentration of the extract added into the cookies. Consistently, the antioxidant activity was significantly increased as the concentration of the extract was increased (p<0.05). Cookies with aronia extract showed higher antioxidant activity compared to that with blackberry (p<0.05), due to the presence of higher content of polyphenol. In terms of appearance, flavor, taste, texture and overall acceptability, the sensory evaluation scores of cookies with 20% aronia and 10% blackberry were significantly higher compared to the control (p<0.05). Based on above result, using more than 10% of the aronia or blackberry extracts would appropriate for making cookies.

For the development of processed food for hypoglcemia, it is important to construct model system to confirm factors that reduce the glycemic index in real food. This study was to investigate the relationship between the gel model system and real food the high amylose type of segoami using response surface methodology. The independent variables were concentration (X1; 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30%) and steaming time (X2; 30, 35, 40, 45, and 50 min). The predicted glycemic index (Y1) was analyzed as a dependent variable. The regression of pGI was 0.7343, indicating that the model fits the data well in the prediction test. The predict glycemic index of the gel was in the range of 71.38 ~ 83.78, depending on the gel preparation conditions and predicted optimum condition was 23.7% gel concentration and 43.8 minutes of gelatinization. The predict glycemic index of rice gel were decreased with an increase of gel concentration, rather than the steaming time. In order to confirm the effect on in vitro digestibility in real food, the real food (Garraedduk) was prepared by applying the optimal conditions. As a result, there was no significant difference between the predicted value (77.1) and the experiment value (76.6). This result showed that the in vitro digestibility in real food can be predicted by applying the gel model system.

This studies was conducted to compare functional diversity of terrestrial arthropods in commercial apple orchards under conventional and organic practices. We collected terrestiral arthropods using pitfall traps in four conventional and seven organic apple orchards from April to October, 2012-2014. Sampled arthropods were identified at the species level and then classified three functional groups (detritivores, herbivores and beneficial arthropods included pollinators, parasitoids and predators). Biodiversity was analyzed with species richness, abundance and shannon index for each group and compared between conventional and organic orchards. In results, species richness of detritivores and benefical arthropods were higher in organic orchards than in conventional orchards (detritivores: t=-2.68, df=9, P=0.03; beneficial arthropods: t=-3.98, df=9, P=0.003). Organic orchards showed significant difference at abundance of beneficial arthropods (t=-3.33, df=9, P=0.008) and higher shannon index at detritivores (t=-2.36, df=9, P=0.04) than conventional orchards. However, all biodiversity indices of herbivores were not significantly different between conventional and organic orchards at 95% confidence level.

Calepitrimerus vitis (Nalepa) is a grapevine pest and distributed worldwide. This study was conducted to identify grapevine damage related to density of C. vitis and to suggest an effective control time. The damaged flower buds displayed retarded growth and became dried up, and symptoms of damaged leaves such as malformed and bronzed leaves were observed. Flower cluster and leaves were collected and density of the grape rust mite were observed by using a washing and sieving method. The highest mean density (±SE) of C. vitis was found to be 672.6±112.9 per flower cluster with mid-level damage, and 450.1±66.5 per 2 leaves was found on the damaged leaves. These severe damage symptoms were observed in the early spring, and the density of the grape rust mite was significantly higher as 80 times in damaged vineyard than in the undamaged at the early growth stages of the grapevine. To determine the emergence time of the grape rust mite from lower part of a winter bud the ratio of density of C. vitis on upper-bud to lower-bud was observed. On 13 April 2015, 80% of the grape rust mites were observed on upper-bud where the mite could feed at the bud burst stage. Therefore, once the symptoms of damaged flower clusters and leaves are observed, acaricides should be sprayed before inflorescence emergence, and at the early growth stage between bud burst and leaf development in following year. This would allow the decrease of the density of C. vitis in early spring, and the progression of severe damage could be prevented.

This studies was conducted to define community structure and diversity of epigeal spiders in apple orchards under different farming practices (organic and conventional). In 11 commercial apple orchards, epigeal spider community structure was investigated during 2012-2014 (3 orchards, 2012; 3 orchards, 2013, 5 orchards, 2014). Epigeal spiders were collected by pitfall traps from April to October, 2012 in Danyang-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do; 2013 in Muju-gun, Jeollabuk-do; 2014 in Cheongsong-gun and Uiseong-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea. Sampled spiders were identified to the species level. Biodiversity was analyzed with species richness (total numbers of spider species), abundance (total numbers of individuals) and Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H΄) for each site and compared between organic and conventional orchards. In all regions, abundance of the spider communities were relatively higher in organic orchards than in conventional orchards. But, no significant difference in species richness and specie diversity (H΄) between organic and conventional orchards. Lycosidae was the most dominant family in all orchards regardless farming practices. However, Linyphiidae dominated in organic orchards only. The most dominant species were Pardosa laura (Lycosidae), Erigone koshiensis (Linyphiidae) in organic, Piratula procurvus (Lycosidae) in conventional orchards.