Molybdenum disulfide ( MoS2) has been one of the most promising members of transition-metal dichalcogenides materials. Attributed to the excellent electrical performance and special physical properties, MoS2 has been broadly applied in semiconductor devices, such as field effect transistors (FETs). At present, the exploration of further improving the performance of MoS2- based FETs (such as increasing the carrier mobility and scaling) has encountered a bottleneck, and the application of high-κ gate dielectrics has become an effective approach to change this situation. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) enables high-quality integration of MoS2 and high-κ gate dielectrics at the atomic level. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the fabrication of two-dimensional MoS2 FETs using ALD high-κ materials as gate dielectrics. We first briefly discuss the research background of MoS2 FETs. Second, we expound the electrical and other essential properties of high-κ gate dielectrics, which are essential to the performance of MoS2 FETs. Finally, we focus on the advances in fabricating MoS2 FETs with ALD high-κ gate dielectrics on MoS2, as well as the optimized ALD processes. In addition, we also look forward to the development prospect of this field.

The development of Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) has dramatically changed the way of hotel booking. The increasing number of online consumers provides abundant data for demand forcasting in revenue management. The current methods e.g. historical data analysis, normally focus on studying consumers’ behaviors and preferences in the hotel but may not be able to integrate that out of the hotel such as dining, travelling, shopping and entertaining, which will bring crucial references to the co-relationship between these consumption and the way of hotel booking. This research adopts a persona approach to infer consumers’ preference probability by using a variety of real-time data. Quantitative methods are employed. In order to predict the booking needs accurately, this research establish a Bayesian network on the online platform for life service that can be associated with various consumer behavior data. The results indicate that in the environment of uncertain demand, the algorithm is effective and applicable, which will help directors of hotel revenue management in accurate price planning and decision making.

Dianthus caryophyllus (carnation) is a globally important ornamental plant. Tissue culture techniques have been used for the commercial production of carnation; however, the micropropagation of carnation has been impeded due to the occurrence of hyperhydricity during the shoot multiplication process or micropropagation stage 2. In the present study, the effects of different concentrations of rare earth elements on the reduction of hyperhydricity in micropropagated carnation were investigated. Nodal explants of D. caryophyllus ‘13827’ were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium containing 1.0 mg·L-1 6-benzyladenine and 0.5 mg·L-1 indole-3-acetic acid with 3.0% (w/v) sucrose and 0.8% (w/v) agar (control medium). The medium was supplemented with lanthanum nitrate, La(NO3)3, cerium nitrate, Ce(NO3)3, or neodymium chloride, NdCl3 at a concentration of 0.05, 0.1, or 0.15 mM. Hyperhydricity was observed in 68.9% of the cultures produced on the control medium. The lowest percentage (42.2%) of hyperhydricity was observed in plants propagated on the medium supplemented with 0.05 mM Ce(NO3)3. Furthermore, the soluble protein concentration was higher in both the non-hyperhydric and hyperhydric plants produced on the medium supplemented with 0.05 mM Ce(NO3)3, whereas the activity of catalase, guaiacol peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase was lower in comparison with the media lacking Ce3+. The results of this study suggest that supplementation of the culture medium with 0.05 mM Ce(NO3)3 alleviates oxidative stress and reduces hyperhydricity in carnation during the adventitious shoot multiplication stage.

This paper contributes to a better understanding of how Australian universities assess undergraduate consumer behaviour students. The study was based on content analysis of course outlines located within the websites of 39 Australian universities. Findings have implications for educators and practitioners.

본 연구는 제 5세대 중국 영화감독에 의해 표현되고 묘사 된 페미니즘에 대해 검토하였다. 또한 서구 영화와 중국 영화를 비교분석함으로서 페미니즘의 프레임 워크가 영화에 어떻게 반영되는지 연구하였다.

Since the existing international legal regime governing space weapons is inadequate, the international community is worried about the weaponization of outer space. This paper introduces the efforts and contributions in this regard made by the UN General Assembly, the Conference on Disarmament, the UN Committee for Peaceful Uses of Outer Space and the UN Institute for Disarmament Research. It then analyzes several different approaches to solving the problem of weaponization of outer space, i.e. amendment of Article IV of the Outer Space Treaty, conclusion of a multilateral treaty on comprehensive prohibition of space weapons, and transparency and confidence-building measures in outer space activities. It concludes that a multilateral treaty on the prevention of weaponization of outer space with appropriate verification mechanism will be a final solution. At the present stage, a combination of various CBMs can also serve the purpose to prevent space weapons.

Fruit fly is one of the most important pests for vegetables and crops worldwide. Since 1895, four species of fruit flies has invaded into Hawaii. In 2000, a group of scientists from Hawaii has initiated and implemented an area wide pest management program to suppress fruit fly population in Hawaii. Six techniques developed within the program has been transferred to many countries that have the fruit fly problem. Four techniques (monitoring, sanitation, bait spray, and male annihilation) are readily done by farmers. The other two techniques (sterile insect release and augmentative parasitoid release) involve mass fruit fly stock. Sterile insect technique (SIT) used in sterile insect release requires continuous mass rearing. Current mass rearing system has been satisfactory for rearing need. However, there are problems such as pesticide contamination of supporting material, spent diet management, labor intensive, and space issue. USDA-Agricultural Research Service looked for alternatives. In 2004, a novel fruit fly liquid diet has been developed. The core of this diet is using an inert substance (sponge cloth) to replace biological supporting material for mill feed (wheat product). During this diet development process, we have observed that fruit fly performance changes associate with the change of diet components. One of the most significant components is wheat germ oil. Larval diet supplemented with wheat germ oil (WGO) causes physiological reactions, such as increased fecundity and fertility, in some insects. Although the impact of WGO on insect physiology is important, the mechanisms of these actions are poorly understood. In this presentation, we will confirm our hypothesis that the addition of WGO to medium developed for larval oriental fruit flies modulates gene expression in the corresponding adults and further to identify when and how these gene expressed during different life cycle stages. We separately reared larvae of Bactrocera dorsalis on diets lacking or supplemented with WGO, and analyzed for expressed proteins in the resulting adult males and females by 2D-electrophoresis. Analysis of the gels revealed significant changes in expression levels of >70 proteins, 64 of which were identified by mass spectrometric analysis on MALDI-TOF/TOF. Apparent changes in expression levels for 6 of these proteins were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR, showing that the changes in mRNA expression were reflected in changes in protein expression. These findings support the hypothesis that one mechanism of WGO actions in insect nutrition is the modulation of gene expression. Our goal is to identify molecular markers that serve as early indicators of the quality of insect culture media. Markers of deficient culture media will increase the efficiency of developing optimal systems for mass rearing beneficial insects and some pest species because decisions on culture media quality can be made without waiting through one or several life cycles.

Ingestion of plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) presents a major challenge to mammalian herbivores. We investigated the relationship between PSM concentrations in the diet and feeding patterns in sheep fed diet containing flavone extracted from Apocynum venetum. Results showed that the flavone concentrations significantly influenced food intake by sheep. With the concentration of flavone in diet increase, sheep can regulate their intake of PSM within limits that are tolerable.

Direct decomposition of methane over three types of carbon black (N330-p, N330-f, and HI-900L) was carried out in a fluidized bed quartz reactor. Properties of carbon black before and after reaction were measured and found to be related with surface structure and weight gain. For N330-p and N330-f, some carbon deposit on the surface was considered to be the reason for the increase of BET surface area and pore volume with weight gain. Carbon deposits on the surface and the conglutination of some aggregates may explain the slight increase of particle size. Properties of HI-900L changed much more significantly with weight gain. It is supposed that the increase of aggregate size of HI-900L were due to some unknown oily components. The corresponding agglomeration might be the reason for the decrease of BET surface area with weight gain, as compared with the increase of that for the case of N330 black.

Preparation processing of sintered silicon nitride ceramics was emphatically investigated with Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis (SHS) of silicon nitride prepared by ourselves as raw material. The results indicate that good sinter ability can be obtained with cheaply SHS of silicon nitride preparing silicon nitride materials. The cost of silicon nitride materials will be lowered.

[ ] composite powders were produced by high energy mechanical milling of a mixture of Al and powders followed by a combustion reaction. The powders were subsequently thermally sprayed on H13 steel substrates. Microstructural examination was conducted on the composite powders and thermally sprayed coatings, using X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The performance of the coatings was evaluated in terms of micro-hardness and thermal fatigue. The thermally sprayed coatings performed very well in the preliminary thermal fatigue tests and showed no wetting tendency to molten aluminum.