This study examined the physicochemical properties of radish pickle containing different natural preservatives (grapefruit seed extract, green tea extract, rosemary, or olive) stored for 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks. The hardness and color of the radish pickles with the grapefruit seed extract was higher than the other radish pickles during storage from week 0 to week 4. A 14.52% and 13.80% decrease in hardness and color were observed in the radish pickles with grapefruit seed extract (GFE), respectively. In addition, the total phenolic content was highest in the GFE in natural preservatives. Based on the results, GFE was selected as the optimal natural preservatives, and the growth of total viable bacteria and yeast were evaluated. The total viable bacteria and yeast showed similar patterns to the control. These results are expected to be useful in producing radish pickles with optimal quality and contribute to the development of various foods in the food industry.

Two different casting speeds of 60 and 80mm/min are adopted to determine the effect of casting speed on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Mg-Si/Al hybrid material prepared by duo-casting. The obtained hybrid material has a uniform and straight macro-interface between the pure Al side and the Al-Mg-Si alloy side at both casting speeds. When the casting speed is increased to 80mm/min, the size of primary α phases in Al-Mg-Si alloy decreases, without change of shape. Although the Al-Mg-Si alloy produced at higher casting speed of 80mm/min shows much higher ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and 0.2 % proof stress and lower elongation, along with higher bending strength compared to the case of the 60mm/min in casting speed, the tensile properties and bending strength of the hybrid material, which are similar to those of pure Al, are the same regardless of the increase of casting speed. Despite the different casting speeds, deformation and fracturing in hybrid materials are observed only on the pure Al side. This indicates that the macro-interface is well-bonded, allowing it to endure tensile and bending deformation in all hybrid materials.

In this study, three kinds of metal chills such as SS400, AC4CH and brass, with different thicknesses of 40 ~ 80 mm, were applied for low pressure casting of Al-Si alloy to control cooling rate. The microstructural characteristics with increasing cooling rate were represented using factors including D1, D2, size of primary α phases and shape factor and size of eutectic Si. The tensile properties were investigated and additionally analyzed based on the microstructural characteristics. As the cooling rate increased, D1, D2, and sizes of primary α phases and eutectic Si apparently decreased and the shape factor of eutectic Si increased to over 0.8. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and yield strength (YS) increased with decreasing D1, D2, and size of primary α phases, while elongation increased with decreasing size of eutectic Si and concurrently increasing shape factor of eutectic Si. This indicated that the primary α phases and eutectic Si in Al-Si alloy were refined with increasing cooling rate, resulting in improvement of UTS and YS without sacrificing elongation. After the tensile test, preferential deformation of primary α phases was observed in the Al-Si alloy produced at higher cooling rates of more than 0.1 K/s.

This investigates the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al hybrid material prepared by electromagnetic duo-casting to determine the effect of heat treatment. The hybrid material is composed of an Al-Mg-Si alloy, pure Al and the interface between the Al-Mg-Si alloy and pure Al. It is heat-treated at 373, 573 and 773K for 1h and T6 treated (solution treatment at 773K for 1h and aging at 433K for 5h). As the temperature increases, the grain size of the Al-Mg-Si alloy in the hybrid material increases. The grain size of the T6 treated Al-Mg-Si alloy is similar to that of one heat-treated at 773K for 1h. The interface region where the micro-hardness becomes large from the pure Al to the Al-Mg-Si alloy widens with an increasing heat temperature. The hybrid material with a macro-interface parallel to the tensile direction experiences increased tensile strength, 0.2% proof stress and the decreased elongation after T6 heat treatment. On the other hand, in the vertical direction to the tensile direction, there is no great difference with heat treatment. The bending strength of the hybrid material with a long macro-interface to the bending direction is higher than that with a short macro-interface, which is improved by heat treatment. The hybrid material with a long macro-interface to the bending direction is fractured by cracking through the eutectic structure in the Al-Mg-Si alloy. However, in the hybrid material with a short macro-interface, the bending deformation is observed only in the limited pure Al.

배초향은 항동맥경화나 항박테리아의 특성을 가지는 한약재에 널리 사용되는 영년생 약용식물이다. 연구의 목적은 수경재배에서 배양액의 종류와 PPFD값에 따른 배초향의 생장 및 항산화 물질의 변화를 조사하는 것이다. 배초향은 주야간 16:8 시간의 일장조건에서 150과 200 μmol·m-2·s-1 PPFD 조건과 일본원시(HES), 서울시립대(UOS), 유럽채소연구소(EVR), 오오츠카 배양액(OTS)을 이용하여 6주간 재배하였다. OTS 배양액조 건에서 자란 배초향의 지상부 및 지하부 건물중은 다른 배양액 처리구와 비교하여 유의적으로 높았다. 배초향의 틸리아닌 함량은 OTS 처리에서 가장 높았으며 다음으로 EVR, HES, UOS 순서로 낮아졌다. 총 아카세틴의 함량은 EVR처리에서 가장 높았으나 OTS처리와는 유의적 차이를 보이지 않았다. 또한 200 μmol·m-2·s-1 PPFD 조건에서 자란 배초향은 PPFD 150처리구와 비교하여 유의적으로 생체중과 건물중이 증가하였으며 기능성 물질은 틸리아닌과 아카세틴의 함량도 높았다. 본 연구는 수경재배 방식을 이용하여 식물공장에서 배초향을 재배할 경우 200 μmol·m-2·s-1 PPFD 조건과 OTS 배양액 조건에서 경제적인 광원조건으로 최적 바이오매스 생산량과 틸라아닌과 아카세틴의 함량을 증가시킬 수 있을 것으로 제안한다.

Quality assessment of sweet persimmon or “Fuyu” was evaluated over room temperature distribution periods after 40-day storage at 0oC cold room. All Hunter’s values (L, a, and b) of sweet persimmon were significantly decreased after 4-day room temperature distribution while the flesh firmness was drastically decreased after 3-day room temperature distribution. Glucose and fructose contents were significantly increased by the degradation of sucrose after 3-day room temperature distribution. The highest extraction yield was obtained in the flesh of persimmon. Extraction yields of each part of “Fuyu” persimmon were 15.53% for flesh, 10.53 for seed, and 13.83 for flower bud. However, the total phenolic content of flesh was 4.8 μg/mg which was extremely lower than that of the seed (175.5 μg/ mg) and flower bud (178.2 μg/mg) of sweet persimmon. With high phenolic content, both the flower bud and seed of sweet persimmon showed excellent antioxidant activities by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis( 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) free radical scavenging test. The results showed a great potential for byproducts (seed and flower bud) of long-term, cold-stored sweet persimmon “Fuyu” as a good antioxidant material for novel functional foods.

This study assesses of efficiency of oocyte recovery and in vitro development for during the non breeding season in goat. Thirty-four matured goats, maintained in a pen under natural day length and fed hay ad libitum, were pretreated with progestagen implanted CIDR for 10 days. Superovulation treatment of the goats received twice daily intramuscular injections of a total of 70 mg FSH for 3 days from Day 8 of CIDR. All the gonadotropin treated goats were injected with 10 mg PGF2α on Day 8 and 400～600 IU hCG in the afternoon on Day 10. Oocytes were recovered by follicle aspiration or oviduct flushing at 35 to 40 h after hCG injection through mid-ventral incision. The in vivo matured oocytes were activated by ionomycin (5 min) and 6-DMAP (3.5～4 h). The activated oocytes were cultured in mSOF medium containing 0.8% BSA at 38.5℃ in an atmosphere of 5% CO2, 5% O2, 90% N2 for 7～8 days. There was no significant difference in the mean number of CL and in vivo matured and follicular oocytes recovered. But, quality of I+II grade follicular oocytes was lower (p<0.05) in the prepubertal goat (25.0%) than the adults (52.4%). The same results were also observed in the cleavage and blastocyst rate of activated oocytes. The clavage and blastocyst rate from prepubertal derived oocytes were lower (p<0.05) in the prepubertal goat (54.5%, 23.3%) than the adult goat (86.8%, 46.6%). Considering overall these results, we suggest that maturation of donor goats is a major factor affecting recovered oocytes quality and in vitro development of activated goat oocytes. There was no significant difference in oocyte quality between seasonal treatments.

The purpose of this study is to determine the possibility of using Crataegi fructus as natural health food source. The research was conducted to determine the biofunctional activities of Crataegi fructus extract. Methanolic extract from Crataegi fructus was partitioned by using organic solvents, including n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n butanol, and water. Ethyl acetate soluble fraction was shown to have the strongest antioxidant activity (RC₅₀=4.39 ㎍/㎖) among the fractions. In the antimicrobial activity assays, ethyl acetate soluble fraction was effective in bacterial inhibition, against the cases of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia, with minimum inhibitory concentrations in 125 ㎍/㎖. In the anticomplementary activity assays, water soluble fraction was the most effective exhibiting 18.4% inhibitory activity.

The purpose of this study is to determine the possibility of using cultured wild ginseng roots as a natural health food source. To accomplish this purpose, the contents of general and antioxidative nutrients of cultured wild ginseng roots were measured. The contents of carbohydrate, crude protein, crude lipid and ash are 61.72%, 17.36%, 0.23% and 10.90%, respectively. Further, the calories of cultured wild ginseng roots were 323.97 kcal. Total dietary fiber was 82.13%. The protein contained a total of 18 different kinds of amino acids. The contents of amino acids were 16.15 g. The K was the largest mineral followed by P, Ca, and Mg, which means cultured wild ginseng roots is alkali material. The contents of saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids were 0.23 g, and 0.62 g, respectively. Crude saponine content was 25.87 ㎎/g. Total phenolic contents of cultured wild ginseng roots were 11.2 ㎎/g, and total flavonoids contents were estimated as 4.2 ㎎/g. The electron donating ability of cultured wild ginseng roots were 24.7～31.6%. The nitrite scavenging activity was pH dependent, and was highest at pH 1.2 and lowest at pH 6.0. The cultured wild ginseng roots extract showed the highest reducing power (0.06) at the concentration of 1, 000 ㎍/㎖. Based on the above results, we deemed that the cultured wild ginseng roots might have potential antioxdant activities.

우유 또는 주스 종이용기를 재활용하여 화장지를 생산하고 있는 제지회사에서 배출되는 제지폐수를 대상으로 주기적 질소 역세척이 가능한 세라믹 정밀여과 시스템을 운전하였다. 제지폐수 재활용을 위해 본 연구에서 7개의 채널이 있는 2 종류의 알루미나 분리막이 사용되었다. 질소 역세척 시간을 40초, 막간압력차 1.0kgf/cm2, 역세척 압력 5.0kgf/cm2로 고정하였을 때 0.4mum의 평균기공 크기를 갖고 있는 HC04 알루미나 분리막의 최적 여과시간 간격은 4분으로 1.0mum의 평균기공인 HV10 분리막의 16분보다 짧았다. 여과시간 간격과 역세척 시간을 고정한 상태에서 막간압력차(TMP)의 영향을 살펴본 결과, 높은 TMP 조건에서는 쉽게 막표면에 케이크가 형성되고 막 내부 구조에도 막오염이 발생하기 때문에 낮은 TMP 조건이 막오염 제어에 유리한 것을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 TMP는 폐수처리 여과 시스템에서 구동력이기 때문에, 가장 높은 TMP 조건에서 가장 많은 총여과부피를 얻을 수 있었다. 한편, 다채널 세라믹 분리막을 사용한 정밀여과시스템에서 얻은 투과수는 탁도가 낮기 때문에 제지공정에서 재활용 될 수 있다.

The purpose of this study was to determine the possibility of using Wasabi japonica Matsum leaves as naturalhealth food source. To accomplish this purpose, the contents of general and antioxidative nutrients of Wasabi japonica Mat-sum leaves were measured. The contents of carbohydrate, crude protein, crude lipid and ash are 53.41%, 25.00%, 7.95%and 13.64%. And the calories of Wasabi leaves was 385.23Kcal. Total dietary fiber was 52.27%. The K was the largestmineral followed by Ca, P, Mg which means Wasabi leaves is alkali material. The contents of sinigrin and allyisothiocyanatein the wasabi leaves were 69.2㎎/g and 241.0㎎/g, respectively. Total phenol contents of the hot water extract and the 70%ethanolic extract were 19.44±0.23 and 19.33±1.17㎎ GAE/g, respectively. The total flavonoids content of the hot waterextract and the 70% ethanol extract were 7.69±0.71 and 19.25±1.41㎎ QE/g, respectively. The general nutrients andother antioxidant bioactive materials in Wasabi japonica Matsum leaves were also potential materials for good health food.

JAK2 V617F mutation is a common event in chronic myeloproliferative disorders. However, de novo acute myeloid leukemia with JAK2 V617F is rarely encountered. The authors report the case of a 74-year-old male with de novo acute myeloblastic leukemia without maturation (AML M1) and a JAk2 V617F heterozygotic mutation. Despite treatment with standard AML regimens, the patient died 2 months after a diagnosis of acute leukemia. This case of an AML patient with a JAK2 V617F mutation with a poor prognosis suggests that despite its rarity, a JAK2 V617F mutational study be considered for prognostic purposes in AML.