Spent nuclear fuels should be safely stored until being disposed and dry storage system is predominantly used to retain the fuels. During long-term storage, there are several mechanisms that could result in the degradation of spent nuclear fuels, and the temperature is the most important parameter to predict and estimate the degradation behaviors. Therefore, thermal analysis to estimate temperatures of spent nuclear fuel and the storage system should be performed to evaluate whether the temperatures exceed safety limit. Recently, thermal hydraulic analysis with CFD codes is widely used to investigate the temperature of spent nuclear fuel in dry storage. Herein, Explicit CFD analysis model is introduced and validated by estimating the thermal hydraulic response of the dry storage system that is Dry Cask Simulator (DCS). Extended Storage Collaborating Program (ESCP) led by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) is organized to assess degradation effects of spent nuclear fuel during long-term dry storage, and DCS is the first phase of the program. The dry storage system, containing a single BWR assembly in a canister, was designed to produce validation-quality data for thermal analysis model. ANSYS FLUENT is used to simulate DCS, and the test condition of 0.5 kW decay heat and 100 kPa helium pressure was investigated in this study. In case of peak cladding temperature (PCT), PCT from the experiment was 376 K while that of CFD was 374 K. It implies CFD simulation gives good agreement with experimental measurement. Peak temperatures of channel can, basket, canister and shell predicted by CFD simulation also show good prediction and the discrepancies were less than 7 K while measurements uncertainty was 7 K.

The damage ratio of Spent Nuclear Fuel (SNF) is a very important intermediate variable for dry storage risk assessment which require an interdisciplinary and comprehensive investigation. It is known that the pinch load applied to the cladding can lead to Mode-3 failure and the cladding becomes more vulnerable to this failure mode with the existence of radial hydrides and other forms of mechanical defects. In this study, a sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the importance of the damage parameters that need to be calibrated for the simulation of zircaloy-4 cladding failure using computational mechanics. The simulation model was generated from a microscopic image of the cladding with hydride. The image segmentation method was used to separate the Zircaloy-4, hydride, and hydride- Zircaloy matrix interfaces to create a pixel-based finite element model. The ring compression test (RCT) was simulated because the resistance of the cladding under pinch load can be evaluated by this test. It was assumed that the damage starts with the formation and growth of voids or small cracks in the material, which grow and combine to form larger cracks, eventually leading to the complete fracture of the material. Therefore, the ductile damage criterion was applied to all materials to simulate crack formation and propagation. The sensitivity analysis was performed based on the design of experiments using L8 orthogonal array. The effects of five factors on the fracture resistance of hydrided cladding were quantified, and they are the fracture strains describing the damage initiation in zircaloy-4 matrix, hydride, and hydride-zirconium matrix, and yield stress and Young’s modulus for hydride-zirconium matrix. Information on those parameters are hardly available in literature and experimental data which enable the estimation of those are also very rare. It is planned to build a computational model which can accurately simulate the fracture behavior of hydrided cladding by calibrating significant fracture parameters using reverse engineering. The results of this study will help to figure out those significant parameters.

Surveillance plays a crucial role in safeguards. Reviewing surveillance data requires a significant number of inspection manpower. As the number of surveillance cameras increases, the demand for such manpower is expected to grow even more. Recently, in the field of security, there has been a development of deep learning models that automatically detect abnormal events from video images, and their usage is expanding. In this study, we used an AutoEncoder-based semi-supervised learning model, which can detect unexpected abnormal events, to detect anomalies in the UCSDped2 dataset and in simulating safeguards-related event videos taken at Dry Mockup facility of KAERI. To improve the model performance, we transformed the video images into two parts: the appearance part, which are sequences of video image frames, and the motion part, which are the pixel value differences of consecutive video frames. In addition, we added memory module to the bottle neck of the AutoEncoder model, and skip connection to enhance the model performance. To evaluate the model performance, we proposed a new evaluation index, which is adequate to the video images of safeguards surveillance in addition to the widely used AUC (Area Under the ROC Curve).

대학은 끊임없이 새로운 지식을 만들고 기술혁신을 통하여 가치를 생산하는 핵심 기관이다. 본 연구에서는 삼중나선모델(Triple Helix Model)의 변화와 진화를 제시하고자 한다. 이를 위해 선진기술의 습득과 소화, 개선과 추월을 통한 과정에 요구되었던 다양한 인력양성 육성과 정책분석의 질적연구를 활용하였다. 1960년대는 기능공과 기술공 위주로 기능적역량이, 1980년 대와 1990년대는 대학원제도가 정착, 고급 인력양성과 함께 정부주도의 대학-기업연구소와의 Triple Helix Model (THM) 혁신활동에 필요한 기능과 기술역량의 인력양성이 강조되었다. 2000년대는 첨단․신산업에 요구되는 창의적 인재양성으로 진화하였고 대학 중심 THM이 본격적으로 추진되는 연구역량이 요구되었고 2010년 이후 창의와 융합역량의 인력양성 방향 성을 대학스스로 결정하는 큰 변화로 진화하였고, 이에 본 연구에서는 창조와 융합 인력양성의 지속적 수행을 위한 혁신모델로 ‘삼중나선싱크로시나리오모델’을 제시한다. 대학은 자유롭게 문제를 찾아내고 정부는 신기술을 위한 지원과, 개인경험과 기업문제를 하나의 시나리오로 엮어 이를 해결하고자 하는 도전의 장이 되어 끊임없는 혁신을 견인해야 한다.

In this study, a comparative test operation was conducted through the alternate haul method to examine the selectivity of the four mesh sizes (60 mm, 90 mm, 110 mm, and 130 mm) of the trawl codend. The selectivity was analyzed using the SELECT model considering the fishing efficiency (split parameter) of each fishing gear in the comparative test fishing operation in the trawl and the maximum likelihood method for parameter estimation. A selectivity master curve was estimated for several mesh sizes using the extended-SELECT model. As a result of analyzing the selectivity for silver croaker based on the results of three times hauls for each experimental gear, it was found that the size of the fish caught increased as the size of the mesh size increased. When the selectivity for each mesh size analyzed by the SELECT model considering the split ratio was evaluated based on the size of the AIC value, the estimated split model was superior to the equal split model. Based on the master curve, the 50% selection length value was 2.893, which was estimated to be 136 mm based on the mesh size of 60 mm. In some selectivity models, there was a large deviance between observed and theoretical values due to the non-uniformity of the distribution of fished length classes. As a result, it is considered that appropriate sea trials and selectivity evaluation methods with high reliability should be applied to present trawl fishery resource management methods.

이 연구는 정부의 사회문제 해결형 연구개발사업 진화과정을 통해 사회문제 해결형 R&D 모델이 한국 사회에 자리 잡는 과정을 분석한다. 기업, 과학기술계, 시민사회에도 없었던 사회문제 해결형 R&D 모델이 정부연구개발사업을 통해 형성되고 이 모델에 따라 혁신 활동을 수행하는 조직공동체가 전개되는 과정을 살펴볼 것이다. 이를 위해 새로운 혁신모델인 사회문제 해결형 R&D 모델, 그것을 지원·수행하는 조직공동체, 새 모델을 지원하는 제도가 공진화하는 과정을 분석하는 개념적 틀을 제시한다. 그리고 이 틀을 기반으로 사회문제 해결형 연구개발사업이 진행되면서 새로운 혁신모델이 형성·발전되는 과정을 살펴보고 그 의미를 논의할 것이다. 종합에서는 사회문제 해결형 R&D 모델의 활성화를 위한 과제와 정책 방안을 다룬다.

In this study, the safety aspects were studied by comparing the charge control characteristics of the two vehicles when a failure occurs between the OBC including the charging port or the charging door module (CDM) during slow charging using the In Cable Control Box (ICCB) for a long time.When the AC terminal was momentarily disconnected during charging, the Model-3 vehicle was charged normally if the AC circuit was disconnected up to three times, and the charging control was stopped when the number of disconnects reached four times. However, in the Ioniq-5 vehicle, charging control was normally performed when the disconnected AC circuit was normally connected regardless of the number of disconnection.

식용 옥수수 수확기는 수확 시 옥수수 이삭의 손상율을 결정하는 탈과 시스템이 중요하다. 탈과 시스템을 개발하기 위해서는 탈과 시스템의 손상율에 영향을 미치는 주요 설계 변수를 구명해야 하고, 설계 변수의 영향 분석에는 시뮬레이션 기법이 많이 사용되고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 탈과 시스템의 시뮬레이션 해석에 사용할 옥수수 줄기에 대한 이산요소 모델을 개발하는 것이다. 식용 옥수수의 특성을 고려하기 위하여 옥수수 줄기의 물리적 특성을 분석하였으며, 만능재료시험기를 이용한 압축 시험과 3점 굽힘 시험을 통하여 역학적 특성을 확인하였다. 또한, 옥수수 줄기의 이산요소 모델은 접촉 모델과 결합 모델로 구현하였고, 매개변수 연구를 통해 이산요소 모델의 주요 파라미터를 도출하였으며, 시험 결과와 비교하여 개발된 이산요소 모델을 검증하였다. 본 연구로부터 개발된 옥수수 줄기 모델은 탈과 시스템의 시뮬레이션에 활용된다.

The leopard plant has the characteristic of being used for ornamental purposes when there are yellow spots on the leaves, and is widely used as a bed plant for viewing flowers. To set several indicators to predict the growth of crops with ornamental value, and to quantitatively express the relationship between the indicators are necessary. In this study, we determine a model that estimates the leaf area and the number of flower of Farfugium japonicum Kitam. using leaf length and width, and conducting a regression analysis on some regression models. As an indicator for estimating the leaf area and the number of flower, the leaf length and width of F. japonicum were measured and applied to 8 regression models. As a result of regression analysis of 8 models that estimated leaf area and the number of flower, R2 values of the linear models were all higher than 0.84 and 0.80. As a result of validation, using the most reliable model among the models for estimating the leaf area and the number of flowering, R2 was 0.90 and 0.82, respectively. Using a model that estimates various indicators that can be used for quality evaluation from easy-to-measure morphological factors, the evaluation of ornamental plants will be facilitated.

본 연구에서는 2 016년부터 2 02 0년까지 내륙 관측소 중 안개 최다발 지역인 안동을 대상으로 XGBoost-DART 머신러닝 알고리즘을 이용하여 1 시간 후 안개 유무를 예측하였다. 기상자료, 농업관측자료, 추가 파생자료와 각 자료 를 오버 샘플링한 확장자료, 총 6개의 데이터 세트를 사용하였다. 목측으로 획득한 기상현상번호와 시정계 관측으로 측 정된 시정거리 자료를 각각 안개 유[1]무[0]로 이진 범주화하였다. 총 12개의 머신러닝 모델링 실험을 설계하였고, 안개 가 사회와 지역사회에 미치는 유해성을 고려하여 모델의 성능은 재현율과 AUC-ROC를 중심으로 평가하였다. 전체적으 로, 오버샘플링한 기상자료와 기상현상번호 기반의 예측 목표를 조합한 실험이 최고 성능을 보였다. 이 연구 결과는 머 신러닝 알고리즘을 활용한 안개 예측에 있어서, 목측으로 획득한 기상현상번호의 중요성을 암시한다.

본 연구는 정신질환 범죄자들의 주요 범죄원인과 특성을 살펴보고, 공중보건모델에 따른 정신질환 범죄 예방대책을 탐색하는 데 목적을 두고 있다. 연구방법은 경찰청 범 죄통계, 검찰청 범죄분석과 선행연구들을 탐색하고 공중보건모델에 따른 정신질환 범 죄 예방대책을 모색하였다. 연구 결과를 살펴보면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 정신질환자들은 일반인에 비해 범죄율이 현저하게 낮았다. 하지만 정신질환이 약물 중독 등과 결합될 때 일반인보다 높은 범죄율을 보여주었다. 또한 정신질환의 원인은 유전적인 부분도 있으나 일부는 잘못된 성장환경과 아동기 학대 경험 등으로 인해 발생하며, 이런 경험 들이 폭력성을 높여주어 범죄로 이어지는 것으로 예측된다. 둘째, 공중보건모델에 따 른 정신질환 범죄 예방대책으로 가정과 지역사회 단계인 1차 예방, 경찰, 검찰 및 법 원의 수사와 공판단계에 해당하는 2차 예방 및 교정과 보호단계인 3차 예방으로 나누 어 살펴보았다. 본 연구의 의의는 현재 우리나라의 정신질환 범죄자에 대한 범죄와 재 범률을 낮추는 방안으로 공중보건모델을 제안하였다. 이 모델이 정신질환 범죄율을 낮추어 줄 것으로 기대된다

This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of enzymatically modified stevia (EMS) on C2C12 cell-based model of dexamethasone (DEX)-induced muscle atrophy to provide baseline data for utilizing EMS in functional health products. C2C12 cells with DEX-induced muscle atrophy were treated with EMS (10, 50, and 100 μg/mL) for 24 h. C2C12 cells were treated with EMS and DEX to test their effects on cell viability and myotube formation (myotube diameter and fusion index), and analyze the expression of muscle strengthening or degrading protein markers. Schisandra chinensis Extract, a common functional ingredient, was used as a positive control. EMS did not show any cytotoxic effect at all treatment concentrations. Moreover, it exerted protective effects on C2C12 cell-based model of DEX-induced muscle atrophy at all concentrations. In addition, the positive effect of EMS on myotube formation was confirmed based on the measurement and comparison of the fusion index and myotube diameter when compared with myotubes treated with DEX alone. EMS treatment reduced the expression of muscle cell degradation-related proteins Fbx32 and MuRF1, and increased the expression of muscle strengthening and synthesis related proteins SIRT1 and p- Akt/Akt. Thus, EMS is a potential ingredient for developing functional health foods and should be further evaluated in preclinical models.

Numerous Sundials were fabricated during the reign of King Sejong of the Joseon Dynasty. One among them is Jeongnam-Ilgu (the Fixing-South Sundial), where the time can be measured after setting up the suitable meridian line without a compass. We reconstructed the new Jeongnam-Ilgu model based on the records of ‘Description of Making the Royal Observatory Ganui (簡儀臺記)’ in the Veritable Record of King Sejong. Jeongnam-Ilgu has a summer solstice half-ring under a horizontal ring which is fixed to two pillars in the north and south, and in which a declination ring rotates around the polar axis. In our model, the polar axis matches the altitude of Hanyang (that is Seoul). There are two merits if the model is designed to install the polar axis in the way that enters both the north and south poles and rotates in them: One is that it is possible to fix the polar axis to the declination ring together with the cross-strut. The other is that a twig for hanging weights can be protruded on the North Pole. The declination ring is supposed to be 178 mm in diameter and is carved on the scale of the celestial-circumference degrees on the ring’s surface, where a degree scale can be divided into four equal parts through the diagonal lines. In addition, the time’s graduation that is drawn on the summer solstice half-ring makes it possible to measure the daytime throughout the year. An observational property of Jeongnam-Ilgu is that a solar image can be obtained using a pin-hole. The position cast by the solar image between hour circles makes a time measurement. We hope our study will contribute to the restoration of Jeongnam-Ilgu.