Background: Unstable surface-based core training can significantly enhance core strength, but no studies have compared the effects of balance pad- and sling-assisted exercises. Objects: To study the effects of unstable surface-based balance pad- and sling-assisted core strength exercises on muscle activity. Methods: Twenty male students aged 20–25 years participated in this study. The effects of three types of core strength exercises, performed with a sling or balance pad, on the activities of three muscles, i.e., the right musculus obliquus externus abdominis (EO), right erector spinae (ES), and right gluteus maximus (GM), were examined. Results: 1) In the glute bridge exercise, the percentage of maximum voluntary contraction of the EO, ES, and GM were significantly different between the balance pad- and sling-assisted exercises. The relative contribution of the ES and GM activities to all muscle activity were not significantly different between the two training types, whereas that for EO showed a significant difference. 2) There was no significant difference in the percentage value of maximum voluntary contraction (%MVC) among the EO, ES, and GM during the “leg-lifting with flat support”exercise, and there were no significant difference in the relative contributions between the two training types. 3) In the “side bridge leg separation exercise”, the %MVC of the ES, EO, and GM were significantly different between the two training types. Conclusion: Sling training for core muscles was generally better than balance pad assist training. The majority of physiotherapy patients require core training. Our results could guide physiotherapists in the choice of targeted exercises for these patients.

This work in progress aims to shed light on the influence of airports’ sensory environment on the destination image formation, by underlining the need for differentiation in the global market. A two-study approach is proposed with observation and questionnaires, investigating both the internal and external environment of four airports.

PURPOSES : In this study, the wetting band depths of road slopes estimated using numerical analyses and one-dimensional empirical equations were evaluated. METHODS : The one-dimensional empirical equations used in this study to estimate the wetting band depth were the Pradel and Raad equation, based on modifying the Green and Ampt equation, Lumb's equation, and Sun equation. The numerical analysis of a finite load slope model was carried out using the Seep/w program (2D). In particular, the effect of the initial suction, which indicated the effect of the antecedent rainfall based on the soil–water characteristic curve, was examined as one condition. The results of the wetting band depths obtained using the empirical equations were evaluated and compared with those of the numerical analysis. RESULTS : The wetting band depths obtained using one-dimensional empirical equations were greater than those from the analytical results. In the case of empirical equations, the estimated results obtained for the wetting band depth might be misleading because it has the limitation of being expressed using a one-dimensional equation with an error, owing to several assumptions for the water infiltration phenomenon. It was also found that the accuracy of the wetting band depth was closely related to the results of the soil–water characteristic curve. CONCLUSIONS : Because the wetting band depths obtained using the empirical equation may lead to overestimation, the slope stability could be evaluated as low; however, there was an advantage in terms of inducing conservative design of the road slope. In addition, it was confirmed that the estimated value of the wetting band depth obtained using the Pradel and Raad equation varied with the suction and volumetric function ratios, and further attention should be paid to these two variables.

Runt related transcription factors (RUNX), a family of well-known transcription factors, play key regulatory roles in diverse biological processes, such as proliferation, differentiation, and DNA repair. Of RUNX family, RUNX3 is the least well characterized of the three family members. Nevertheless, the role of RUNX3 as a key regulator in essential biological pathways has been reported and inactivation of RUNX3 leads to a variety of disease, such as cancer, via regulation of Wnt signaling and K-ras mutations in many mammalian tissues. Recent studies using RUNX3-deficient cells and mice revealed an association with hematopoiesis and hypersensitivity to granulocytecolony stimulating factor. Nevertheless, protein dynamics associated with RUNX3 remain poorly understood. In the present study, we performed a large-scale protein study from Runx3 knockout (KO) mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) using a stable isotope labeling by amino acids (SILAC)-based quantitative proteomics approach. The results showed that 67 proteins were significantly up and downregulated after Runx3 KO. Bioinformatic analyses that revealed that these proteins have diverse biological functions, such as substances transport and cellular structure. Thus, our results enhance our current understanding of the function of RUNX3 in mESCs and suggest potential roles for RUNX proteins in diverse diseases. Additionally, our results can be used as a database to help us understand the mechanism of action of RUNX3.

In this study, the chronological development of the Corporate Governance Guidelines (CGG) and Corporate Governance Code (CGC) examined to identify how much the Code has evolved over time. A comparative analysis between the CGG-2012 and CGC-2018 has also been conducted in the study to outline the latest changes. The study is exploratory and literature review-based in nature. Contemporary literatures were analyzed along with comparison of the CGG-2012 and CGC-2018 issued by the Bangladesh Securities and Exchange Commission (BSEC). Data was collected from various secondary sources. The study points out that the BSEC has followed a six-year interval pattern in the further development and modification of the corporate governance codes in Bangladesh. Also, it has been found out that in terms of the number of conditions in the code, the CGC-2018 is about 75 percent enhanced than CGG-2012. Previously, CGG-2012 was enhanced by more than 150 percent over the first guideline in 2006. CGC-2018 has introduced some crucial governance issues that were not present in the code before but there remain some areas that are yet to be addressed in the best-practices recommendations.

본 연구의 목적은 배드민턴 여자 중학생 전문선수(10명)와 방과 후 배드민턴 수업에 참여하는 일반학생(10명)의 하이클리어 동작 시 COM과 COP의 수평거리, 그리고 COM과 COP의 이동패턴의 차이를 비교 분석하는데 있다. 두 그룹 간 하이클리어 스트로크 이후 착지 시점(E4)에서 COM과 COP의 X 축과 Y축에서의 수평거리와 백스윙, 포워드스윙, 스윙전체의 X축, Y축, 그리고 Z축에서 COM의 최대이 동범위의 차이를 비교하기 위해 독립표본 T-test를 실시한 결과, 첫째, 하이클리어 스트로크 임팩트 이후 착지 시점(E4)에서 여자 중학생 전문선수는 전후방향(X축)에서 COM와 COP지점이 일반학생에 비해 매 우 가깝게 위치하였다. 둘째, 전문선수는 COM의 수직움직임, 일반선수는 COM의 수평움직임을 적극적으로 활용하였다.

본 연구에서는 한·중 양국의 웹드라마 제작배경, 창작의 주체, 시청자 그룹, 콘텐츠 구성, 드라마 제작, 수익모델, 프로모션, 시청자 피드백 및 심사 기준 등 아홉 가지 측면에서 비교고찰을 하였다. 아울러 중국 웹드라마 산업에서 시청자 포지셔닝, 고품질의 드라마 제작, 관람 연령 등급제도의 제정, 감독 메커니즘 개선 및 완전한 산업체인 솔루션의 구축이 필요하다고 제시하였다. 중국 웹드라마 산업은 독특한 산업특징, 표현방식과 산업적 가치를 가지고 있어, 인터넷의 장점을 충분히 활용하여 웹드라마 산업의 수준을 향상시키고 산업 메커니즘을 구축하고 새로운 제작, 소비 및 운영 모델을 계속 탐구해야만 웹드라마 산업의 장기적인 발전을 꾀할 수 있다.

In Korea, odor emission control is carried out at the boundary between the discharge port and the site based on the height of the discharge port, but in Japan and the U.K. a range of characteristics are considered in odor management, including the height, size, and amount of exhaust gas, when managing the acceptance criteria of the discharge port that conforms to the odor concentration standards based on the site boundary. In this study, the permitted concentration of odor in the outlet was studied considering the design conditions of the outlet, in order to manage it based on the distance between the outlet and the residential area. To improve the effectiveness of odor management, Korean odor management measures were reviewed by applying the methods used to calculate odor concentration in Japan and the U.K. Guidelines on effective odor reduction were provided by calculating the permissible odor concentration for each condition based on the flow rate and height of the final outlet to comply with the permissible concentration at regular intervals at the outlet of the factory.

이 논문의 목적은 근대 자본주의 사회에 등장한 대도시의 미적 모더니티 가운데 우울을 아름답게 형상화한 보들레르와 오장환을 비교하는 것이다. 이 논문 은 우울을 분석하기 위하여 프로이트, 라캉, 크리스테바, 제임슨 등 정신분석학 을 원용하였다. 그리하여, 보들레르와 오장환의 우울을 비교한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. 첫째, 그들의 시에서는 그리스도교적 세계관에서 구원의 불가능성으로서의 우울이 공통적으로 나타났다. 둘째, 그들의 시에서는 자 본주의적 세계관에서 가난으로 인한 우울이 공통적으로 나타났다. 다음으로 그 들의 우울의 차이점은 다음과 같았다. 첫째, 보들레르는 근대 자본주의사회에서 그리스도교적 이상의 몰락으로서의 우울을 보여주었다면, 오장환은 식민지 조 선에서 유교적 이상의 몰락으로서의 우울을 보여주었다. 둘째, 보들레르는 우울 의 승화로서의 예술지상주의를 보여주었다면, 오장환은 우울의 극복으로서의 혁명주의를 보여주었다. 결론적으로 보들레르와 오장환의 우울은 어머니의 자 신에 대한 증오가 근원적인 원인이었다. 그러나 또한, 그들의 우울은 근대 자본 주의화와 대도시화에 따른 사회적 우울로서, 부재 원인으로서의 역사가 정치적 무의식 속에서 영향을 미쳤다.