The propagation of light radiation within tissues is an important problem that confronts the dosimetry of therapeutic laser delivery and the development of diagnostic spectroscopy. In the clinical application of photodynamic therapy(PDT) and in photobiology, the photon deposition within a tissue determines the spatial distribution of photochemical reactions. Scattered light is measured as a function of the distance (r) between the axis of the incident beam and the detection spot. Consequently, knowledge of the photosensitizer(Chlorophyll-a) function that characterizes a phantom is important. To obtain the results of scattering coefficients(μs) of a turbid material from diffusion described by experimental approach. It was measured the energy fluency of photon radiation at the position of penetration depth. From fluorescence experimental method obtained the analytical expression for the scattered light as the values of (I /Io)wavelength vs the distance between the center of the incident beam and optical fiber in terms of the condition of "in situ spectroscopy(optically thick)" and real time by fluorometric measurements.

The study was carried out to investigate the effects of morphology, reproductive cycle, incubation time and activation of oocytes on in vitro maturation of cat oocytes and development of IVM/IVF embryos. The results were summarized as follows: 1. When recovered from ovaries collected at different stages of the reproductive cycle (inactive, follicular and luteal stage), the developmental rates of oocytes to GV and MI stage were 72.5% and 27.5%, 57.5% and 7.5%, 62.5% and 17.5%, respectively. 2. The developmental rates of oocytes with cumulus cells to GV and MI stage in different conditions of incubation (5% CO₂, 95% O₂ and 10% CO₂, 90% O₂) were 70.0% and 27.5%, 52.5% and 20.0%, 55.0% and 12.5%, respectively. 3. The developmental rates to GV and MI oocytes when cultured at different time of incubation (17∼20, 21∼24, 25∼28 and 29∼32 h) were 67.5% and 20.0%, 67.5% and 30.0%, 62.5% and 22.5%, 65.0% and 15.0%, respectively. 4. The fertilization and cleavage rates of freshly collected oocytes with and without cumulus cells were 72.5% and 25.0%, 37.5% and 7.5%, respectively. The rates were greater in oocytes with cumulus cells than those without cumulus cells. 5. The fertilization and cleavage rates of oocytes recovered from ovaries collected at different stages of the reproductive cycle (inactive, follicular and luteal stage) were 75.0% and 25.0%, 40.0% and 7.5%, 50.0% and 15.0%, respectively.

본 연구는 소형 고양이의 불임 해결과 체외수정란을 생산하기 위한 방안으로서 난자의 형태, 번식주기, 배양시간 및 활성화 처리가 난포란의 체외수정 및 체외발생에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 1. 신선 및 salt에 보존한 난소로부터 회수한 난구세포부착 및 나화 난자를 각각 배양했을때 체외수정율 및 분할율은 65.7%와 17.1%, 28.6%와 8.6% 및 57.1%와 13.3%, 23.3%와 3.3%로서 난구세포 부착 신선난자가 나화 난자에 비해 높은 체외

본 연구는 고양이의 불임 해결을 위한 방안의 하나로써 체외수정란을 생산할 목적으로 난자의 형태, 보존 및 번식주기별 난자의 체외발생에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 1. 신선 난소로부터 회수한 난구세포부착 및 나화 난자를 각각 배양했을 때 GV 및 MI으로의 체외성숙율은 74.3%와 25.7%와 및 28.6%와 11.4%,로써 난구세포 부착 난자가 나화 난자의 비해 높은 체외성숙율을 나타냈다. 2. 휴지기, 난포기 및 황체기 단계로 구분하여 채취한 난구세포

Cell adhesion is used as a parameter to evaluate the biocompatibility of dental implant and also affected by the surface form of dental implant. Most study have showed different cell reaction by the composition and the surface morphology of implant. Therefore it is thought that the osteoblastic activity would be affected by the surface roughness and composition of implants. This study was performed to evaluate the biological activity and morphological change of normal human osteoblastic cells(NHost) depending on the variations of implant surfaces. We used grade 2 titanium disks which were being air-blasted with TiO2 50 ㎛, 110 ㎛, 250 ㎛ powder by 3psi compressed air and non-blasted as control. We evaluated and compared morphologic change, adhesion assay, and Ca, P, ALP concentration of NHost in vitro. The obtained results were as follows. 1. In the growth curve, although the growth of experimental groups were lower than that of the group of NHost only, there was no significant difference between each groups. 2. Inverted microscopic findings showed NHosts in early stage of each group were adherant perpendicular to the titanium disk and the multilayered NHosts were attached with various directions after 4 weeks. 3. Scanning electron microscopic(SEM) features showed that NHosts in all groups seemed to be attached multilayered and connected with each process after 2 weeks. 4. NHosts' processes were found by the SEM after one day culture. The cell adhesion of experiment group was higher than that of control group. 110 ㎛(the 3rd group) showed prominant process of NHost on the titanium disk surface. 5. Although the concentrations of Ca, P and ALP were gradually reduced, ANOVA analysis of each groups were partially different, and ANOVA analysis of 4th group were significantly different with others. From the aboving results, NHosts cultured on the titanium disks showed similar morphological change and cell proliferation. There were partially differences in each group except the 4th group, and the 4th group were significantly different with other's in biological activity. We thought that biological activity and adhesion of NHost cell on titanium had been affected by the variation of the titanium surface roughness.

활성화를 통한 수핵란의 대량확보를 위해 44시간동안 체외 성숙된 돼지 난자를 ethanol, Ca/sup 2+/-ionophore, 6-DMAP 및 cycloheximide의 화학물질들을 사용하여 단위발생을 유기한 후 그들의 가장적합한 처리농도 및 노출 시간을 규명하였다. 1. Ethanol은 10%, 10분 처리가 전핵형성율, 난할율 및 배발달율에 있어 각각 약 53.4%, 51.6%, 그리고 39.9%로 가장 적합한 조건으로 판명되었다. 2. Ca/sup 2+/-ionophore 가장 적합한 난활성화 조건은 25μM에서 2분간 처리한 것이며, 전핵형성율, 난할율 및 배발달율은 각각 약 59.7%, 62.2%, 그리고 43.9%를 보였다. 3. 6-DMAP를 처리하여 돼지 난자의 활성화를 유기하였을 경우 2mM의 농도에서 각각 약 57.3%, 58.4% 및 29.0%의 전핵형성율, 난할율, 그리고 배발달율을 보여 가장 적합한 조건을 보였으며 2시간∼4.5시간 사이의 노출에는 영향을 받지 않았다. 4. Cycloheximide는 5㎍/ml의 농도가 전핵형성율 2.1%, 난할율 47.7%, 배발달율 31.8%로 가장 은 효율을 보였고, 노출시간에서는 4시간∼6시간 동안 처리하였을 때 60.5∼65.8%, 63.6∼66.7% 및 39.0∼39.5%로 가장 적합한 조건으로 판명되었다. 이상의 결과들은 돼지 체외 성숙 난자의 활성화에 있어 각 화학물질들의 적합한 조건을 바탕으로한 중복처리 및 병용처리 조건 확립 및 효율적인 수핵란의 확보에 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

This study was undertaken in an effort to select the sire bull in Hanwoo through in vitro fertilization of proven bull semen. It was used for in vitro fertilization that of the 20 proven bull semen with follicular oocytes derived from slaughterhouse ovaries of Hanwoo. The stage of maturation on the time course of bovine cumulus-enclosed oocytes incubated for 24 hours was found the highest(96.4%) than hose of other maturationi time. In vitro fertilization rate of bovine oocytes with proven bull sperm showed from 61.5 to 88.9%. Polyspermy of in vitro fertilized oocytes according to proven bulls were the highest KP 491(61.5%) nothing but KP 486, KP 491 and KP 497.

The present study was carried out for the comparative study on the collection of bovine follicular oocytes by ultrasound-guided ovum pick-up(OPU) and slaughterhouse-derived (SHD) ovary aspiration and in vitro production of bovine embryos with the follicular oncytes in Korean native cows. Bovine follicular nocytes were observed with a 6.5 MHz convex-array ultrasound transducer designed for intravaginal use and the oocytes were collected with the aspiration equipment attached to the ultrasonograph. Bovine ovaries were collected and transported in phosphate buffered saline from the local slaughterhouse, the follicular oocytes were collected by the aspiration method. The collected follicular oocytes in good quality were matured, fertilized and cultured in the media. The total number of the visible follicles and the recovery rate of follicular oocytes were increased in ultrasonography following follicle stimulating hormone(FSH) treatment in Korean native cows. The mean recovery rate of oocytes was 66.2, 52.8 and 41.7% in the FSH-OPU, non-treatment-OPU and SHD ovaries, respectively. The mean number of recorved oocytes per cow were not significantly(P<0.05) different between the FSH-OPU(14.011.54) and SHD(17.1i6.21) groups, but the numbers in both groups were significantly(P<0.05) higher than the number in the non-treatment-OPU(3.71.57) group. The mean number of usable nocytes in Grade T /11 per ovary was 6.3, 4.8 and 1.3 in the cows of the SHD, FSH-OPU and non-treatment-OPU groups, respectively. The in vitro developmental rate to the blastocyst was not significantly different between the oocytes obtained via OPU(37.1%) and SHD(29.3%). Therefore, the ultrasound-guided OPU technique can be applied to the production of excellent embryos from the high-quality cows, and for the large scale production of in vitro bovine oocytes and embryos, the SHD ovary aspiration method is valuable.

This study was investigated to test in vitro-maturation rate of bovine follicular oocytes freezability of in vitro-matured bovine follicular oocytes with different stock solution in Glycerol and Propanediol, freezability of in vitro-rnatured bovine follicular oocytes on cryoprotectants, the viability of in vitro-rnatured bovine follicular oocytes by morphologically normal and FDA staining method. 1. The maturation rates of bovine follicular oocytes classified as grade A, B and C was 88, 63 and 21%, respectively. 2. Freezability of in vitro-matured bovine follicular oocytes on stock solution, TCM-199+5% FCS and m-PBS + 5% FCS was 61%(n=105), 48%(n=62) in M Glycerol and freeability of in vitro-matured bovine follicular oocytes on stock solution, TCM-199 +5% FCS and m-PBS + 5% FCS was 68%(n=112), 42%(n=57) in 1~2 Propanediol. The results indicate that freezability of in vitro-matured bovine follicular oocytes with different stock solution is important. 3. Freezability of in vitro-matured bovine follicular oocytes on cryoprotectants was Glycerol and PROH was 56%(n=167), 57%(n=169). The results indicate that PROH was superior to Glycerol. 4. The rates of morphologically normal IVM oocytes after thawing of cryopreserved oocytes with Glycerol and PROH were 39%(n=8), 65%(n=39), respectively. The results indicate that PROH was superior to Glycerol. 5. The fluorescent light intensity after thawing of cryopreserved oocytes classified with Positive, Partial-I, Partial-II, Negative with Glycerol and PROH. The results of FDA-positive 24%, 42%, Partial-I 17%, 10%, Partial- H 20%, 12%, FDA-negative 39%, 37%, and Partial-I, II, respectively.