본 연구는 감꽃의 주요 향기성분을 알아보기 위해서 감나무 수령별로 감꽃의 향기성분을 SPME를 이용하여 분석하고, 기관을 꽃과 꽃받침으로 분류하여 향기성분을 비교하였다. 감나무 수령별 감꽃의 만개율은 15년생 이상, 10-14년생, 5-9년생 순으로 수령이 오래될수록 초기 만개율이 높았다. 감나무 수령에 따른 감꽃 향기성분 분석 시 동정된 주요 향기 성분은 a-pinene, butene, caryophyllene, cubebene, lavandulol, D-limoneneylangene, ylangene 등의 성분을 얻을 수 있었다. 대부분이 green 향, fruit계, floral계의 옅은 향도 포함하고 있었다. 감꽃에 존재하는 휘발성 향기성분의 수는 5-9년생은 30종, 10-14년생은 24종, 그리고 15년생 이상에서는 32종으로 수령이 5년 미만과 15년 이상에서 많은 향기성분이 조사되었다. 감꽃을 꽃받침과 나누어 향기성분을 비교하면 단감 ‘부유’ 품종 중 꽃의 향기 성분은 10개이고 상대적인 총 함량은 26.35%이며, 꽃받침은 향기 성분은 14개 이고 상대적인 총 함량은 46.28%로 꽃에 비해서 더 다양한 향기성분이 존재하는 것으로 조사되었다. 반면 떫 은감 ‘둥시’ 품종은 꽃에서는 6개의 향기성분이 17.58%, 꽃받침에서는 9개의 향기 성분이 50.27%로, ‘부유’ 품종 에 좀더 다양한 향기성분이 존재하였다. 본 연구는 감꽃 향기를 이용하고자 하는 향기산업에 기초자료를 제공하 는데 기여할 것이다.

장기기증은 장기부전환자를 위한 최선의 치료방법임에도 불구하고 국내의 기증비율은 무척 낮은 편이다. 장기기증에 대한 지식과 태도를 개선하여 장기기증 의향과 실천으로 연결시키는 효과적 교육과 대중의 인식이 요구된다. 이에 본 연구는 일(一) 간호대학생의 장기기증에 대한 지식 및 태도를 포함한 비판적 사고 성향을 알아보고, 학년 간 차이 및 상관성을 분석하여 장기기증에 대한 교육과 참여 활성화에 기여하고자 한다. 비판적 사고 성향 측정도구는 총 27문항, 장기기증에 대한 지식 측정도구는 총 17문항, 태도 측정도구는 긍정적 태도 29문항과 부정적 태도 16문항으로 이루어졌다. 총 대상자 352명(1학년 208명, 3학년 144명)의 평균나이는 20.74세(±2.86)였고, 전공간호학 교육과 임상실습경험이 있는 3학년(12.56±1.86, 68.5%)이 1학년(11.64±2.08, 73.9%)보다 장기기증에 대해 높은 수준의 지식(p<.001)과 긍정적인 태도(p=.002)를 가지고 있었다. 한편, 비판적 사고 성향이 증가할수록 장기기증에 대해 높은 지식수준(r=0.126, p=.018)과 긍정적인 태도(r=.113, p=.034)를 보였으나, 학년 간 교육정도에 따른 비판적 사고 성향에서는 유의미한 차이를 보이지는 않았다(p=.739). 그러나 장기기증에 대한 지식과 태도가 정적인 상관관계를 보이며(r=0.117, p=.030), 장기기증 의향에 따라 장기기증 태도의 차이가 유의하게 나타났다(p<.001). 따라서 장기기증에 대한 윤리적 태도에 초점을 둔 간호교육을 통해 장기기증 인식 변화를 꾀할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 생명의료 윤리의식은 비판적 사고를 통해 도덕적 차원의 검토를 실행하는 것이라고 할 때, 비판적 사고의 함양을 통해 장기기증에 대한 윤리적 태도와 지식을 고취할 수 있는 교육을 시행해야 할 것이다.

The purpose of this study was to analysis of the effect of proprioceptor training and vestibular organ training for balance ability. The subjects was consist of two different subjects group, proprioceptor training group and vestibular organ training group. Proprioceptor training group consisted of 10 subjects and vestibular organ training group consisted of 10 subjects. Training was performed 3 times per week, 30 minutes per day, for 3 weeks. Balance ability analysis was performed using Romberg's one leg standing test and BT4 when opened eyes and closed eyes. The analysis results were as follows. There was no significant differences in balance after the training in both groups when they opened their eyes(p<.05). But there was significant differences in balance after the training in both groups when they closed their eyes(p<.05). And there was no significant difference in balance after the training between the proprioceptor training group and the vestibular organ training group when they closed their eyes(p<.05). Given the above results, proprioceptor training and vestibular organ training enhanced balance but there was no significant difference between the two methods.

Geometrid moths are well known for their camouflage. Their wing color patterns resemble tree bark which is their preferential resting place. After landing on tree bark, many of them show the re-positioning behavior which makes the moths more cryptic effectively. Previous study revealed that moths perceive structural cues from tree bark to position their bodies. However, to date, it is not clear which sensory organ is used during re-positioning behavior. We performed a series of experiments to find out how (i.e. by using which sensory organs) moths seek out an appropriate position and body orientation. We used a geometrid moth, Jankowskia fuscaria, to test our hypothesis. We hypothesized that one of four sensory organs (eyes, antennae, front legs, and wings) may be responsible for their ability to find more cryptic position and body orientation. We amputated one of these organs and observed whether they are still able to find a cryptic position. The results indicates that visual cue is essential for their cryptic-positioning searching behavior, but antennae or front legs are not. Tactile cues from their wings seem to have a role in their behavior, but the evidence is flimsy. Therefore we cautiously conclude that moths mainly rely on visual cues (most likely through eyes) to orient their bodies on resting place, but additional tactile cues from their wings seem to play an additional role.

The caddisfly is an aquatic insects that resembles small moth. Silk is produced by the larvae through a pair of labial silk glands. The larvae, caddisworms, use silk not only to produce ‘capture nets’ to collect food particles from the water environment but also to construct ‘silken cases’ for their shelters in running water. Physically, two different processes of silk-producing systems are reported among the different species of arthropod animals: terrestrial and aquatic silk productions. Although both types of silks can be produced along its sophisticated process through a sequential pathway from silk gland, most of our recent knowledges of silk producing system are dependent on those revealed from the terrestrial animals including silkworms or spiders. Therefore, this experiment was initiated to reveal the fine structural aspects of the silk producing system of larval stage of the caddisfly Hydatophylax nigrovittatusu with light and electron microscopes

Stevioside, a natural sweeteners presently used in various kinds of food and food products in Korea, was evaluated for its toxicity potential in the 14 day feeding study using B6C3F1 mice. Stevioside was added to the diet at different concentrations of 0.31, 0.62, 1.25, 2.5 and 5%, and was administered for 14 consecutive days. An increase of liver organ weight in male mice was observed. No diet-related differences were noted in clinical signs, food consumption, and gross and histopatholgical evaluation. Based on these results, we concluded that the concentration of 5% in the diet was a suitable maximum tolerable dose of stevioside for a 90 day study in mice.

Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHGPx) is a unique antioxidant enzyme involved in reduction of peroxidized phospholipids within biomembranes. To investigate the expression pattern of the PHGPx gene during fetal development, in situ hybridization analyses were performed using mouse FITC-labeled PHGPx cRNA probes in fetal tissues on embryonic days (Ed) 13.5-18.5. During these periods, PHGPx mRNA appeared in the developing telencephalon, diencephalon, spinal cord, and spinal ganglion. In particular, PHGPx mRNA was strongly expressed in pyramidal cells of the cerebral cortex. On Eds 17.5-18.5, PHGPx mRNA was detected in various tissues including liver, intestinal villi and crypt, pancreas, lung, and olfactory epithelium of the nasal cavity. In addition, PHGPx mRNA was highly expressed in the inner ear on Eds 14.5-18.5, brown fat on Ed 17.5, and adrenal gland on Ed 18.5. It is conceivable that PHGPx may act as an important antioxidant against fetal oxidative stress during mouse organogenesis.

In 21st century, subordinated relationship of fashion from the body has been disappearing, and fashion is understood as variable and creative field. This research aims at analysis about the relationship between the body and fashion depending on the theories about the authority and the desire. So, this utilizes between theoretical study and empirical analysis. For concentrated study, research period limits from 2000 to the present time 2010. Contemporary body and fashion have being changed into various forms and values, become complex and de-territory. Especially, body is symbol of ambivalence eroticism that gives point to sexual property, and the object of fetishism and machine having a desire. This study's purpose draw a parallel with between the limits of contemporary body that couldn’t be rid of the capital and desire, and the liberty of fashion that escape from the body’s influence has being changed independent and fluid space. This research's results are as follow as; contemporary de-territory fashion is expressed as 1) symbol of the object and physical material property, 2) self-transcendental instrument fashion, 3) independent spatial molding, 4) de-centering fashion.

이 연구는 충남 보령군 미산면 지역에 분포하는 남포층군 아미산층의 Neocalamites carrerei의 자생지에서 산출된 지하경, 잎이 붙은 지상경, 포자수와 같은 기관화석의 형태적 특징과 구조에 관한 것이다. Neocalamites carrerei의 크기는 현생의 속새류와 대동식물군의 고기 후와의 관계로부터 추정하면 상당히 대형이었을 것으로 추정된다. 포자수 Neocalamites takahashii (Kon'no)는 Neocalamites carrerei의 잎과 밀접하게 동반되어 산출되는 것으로 보아 동일종으로 추정된다. 자생지에서 지상경과 지하경이 많이 산출되는 것에 비하여 포자수는 매우 희귀하다. 이것은 Neocalamites carrerei가 포자번식 이외에 지하경을 통한 무성생식으로도 번식했을 가능성을 강하게 시사한다. Neocalamites는 현생 속새류와 잎의 형태,크기 및 구조에서 현저하게 다르다.

The purpose of this study was the analysis of sperm ability in Specific Pathogen Free (SPE) miniature pig for production of bio-organ. The collected semen was diluted with extender and stored at 17℃ for up to 7 days. The semen samples were evaluated at 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 days of storage for analysis of sperm ability. Sperm ability was evaluated by examining viability, progressive motility, sperm abnormality and intensity of the sperm membrane. Also, the semen was processed according to the convenient freezing method, and frozen-thawed sperm was evaluated by examining viability, capacitation and acrosome reaction using chlortetracycline (CTC) staining. Motility of spermatozoa of SPF miniature pig was significantly (P<0.05) lower on 3 days or later compared to the Duroc, Yorkshire and Landrace in domestic boar. The percentage of abnormal spermatozoa of Landrace were significantly (P<0.05) higher than in SPF miniature pig, Duroc and Yorkshire that had a similar percentage on 5 or 7 days of sperm storage. The percentage of spermatozoa with coiled tail decreased during the storage period but there were no significant difference. On the other hand, viability of frozen-thawed spermatozoa had a significantly (P<0.05) lower in SPF miniature pig than in other domestic boars. CTC patterns had no significant difference, but SPF miniature pig had higher percentage of capacitated spermatozoa and lower percentage of acrosome-reacted it than domestic boars. Therefore, this study suggest that it is necessary to develop the suitable extender and freezing methods methods for the high viable rate and fertilizing ability in vitro.

유기주석화합물이 넙치의 기관계 구조에 미치는 독성을 알아보기 위하여 넙치를 대조구와 TBTO를 첨가한 6개 농도구(0.17, 0.36, 0.60, 3.20, 6.30, 12.50 μg L-1)에서 42일 동안 노출 실험을 하였다. 조직상의 변화 정도는 노출 시간과 TBTO농도의 증가에 따라 심하게 나타났다. 저농도의 TBTO 노출구에서 관찰된 초기 조직학적 변화로는 아가미에서는 점액세포와 염세포의 활성, 새판 모세혈관의 충혈, 상피층

본 실험은 원시난포의 체외배양 체계를 확립할 수 있는 가능성을 검토하기 위해 0, 5, 10, 15 및 20일령 마우스에서 분리한 난소를 20, 15, 10, 5 및 0일동안 organ culture 하여 난소의 성장률, 난자의 회수율과 성장률 및 난자의 핵성숙 단계를 조사하여, 비교 ·검토하였다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. Organ culture 전과 후의 각 일령에 따른 난소의 면적 차이는 0일령 35.9%, 5일령 8.7%, 10 일