Recently, there has been an increase in wellbeing marketing, which focuses on increasing consumer life satisfaction or consumers’ sense of subjective wellbeing. Numerous studies have been conducted to identify which aspects contribute to consumer life satisfaction. In order to provide additional insights into consumer life satisfaction, this study aimed to identify the relationships among social psychological variables (consciousness of social face, social interaction anxiety, and career anxiety), shopping confidence, and life satisfaction. Shopping confidence in this study relates to confidence for clothing/ accessories. It was hypothesized that social psychological variables influence life satisfaction not only directly but also indirectly through shopping confidence. Data were gathered by surveying university students in Seoul, using convenience sampling. Two hundred eighty six questionnaires were used in the statistical analysis. Factor analysis of consciousness of social face revealed two factors, ‘desire to gain face’ and ‘fear of losing face’. Factor analysis of social interaction anxiety, shopping confidence, and life satisfaction revealed that these variables were uni-dimensional. Test of the hypothesized path showed that all social psychological variables influenced life satisfaction indirectly through shopping confidence, whereas ‘fear of losing face’ of consciousness of social face and career anxiety influenced life satisfaction directly. The results give marketers some understanding of their consumers' life satisfaction in relation to consciousness of social face, social interaction anxiety, career anxiety, and shopping confidence.

The aim of the present study was to examine factors affecting Korean university EFL learners' English reading comprehension across two reading tasks (i.e., literal vs. inferential reading). To this end, five latent factors (linguistic, cognitive, affective, social, and English reading) were targeted, and the structural relationships among these five factors were analyzed through structural equation modeling (SEM) technique. Results of the present study demonstrate that for literal reading comprehension task, linguistic, cognitive, and social factors made a significant and direct impact on Korean university students' English reading performances, whereas the effect of affective factor was not significant. Regarding the inferential reading task, only linguistic and cognitive factors were significantly and positively associated with Korean university students' English reading comprehension. Implications for pedagogy as well as for future research directions were also provided.

The purpose of the study was two-fold: to investigate the effects of a group-based book reading plus self-efficacy and outcome expectancy intervention on reading amount, perceived reading ability, reading behavior, and social cognitions and to examine influencing factors of book reading behaviors. Sixty-three sixth graders completed a ten-week book reading intervention in two experimental conditions: one with book-reading activities only and the other with a book-reading plus social cognition intervention. The control group (n=32) studied English in their regular English classes. Questionnaires were administered three times to assess the participants' social cognition, reading behavior, and perceptions of reading English books: right before and right after the intervention, and at eight weeks post intervention. The results showed positive effects of the intervention on reading amount, perceived reading ability, and reading behavior. Of the two experimental groups, the group that had received the book-reading plus social cognition intervention showed more positive results. At eight weeks post intervention, intervention effects on goal efficacy, reading behavior, and attitude toward reading were maintained. Social cognition was found to affect reading amount and behavior for the experimental groups. Research and practical implications are suggested.

Park, Eun-Ha. 2015. “Social Discrimination Factors in Korean Coursebooks: Focused on Korean Coursebooks for Female Marriage Immigrants, Immigrant Workers, and North Korean Refugees”. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 23(1). 55~83. This study investigates and analyzes social discrimination factors occurring in Korean coursebooks that disfavor immigrant workers, female marriage immigrants, and North Korean refugees as minorities in Korea. Therefore we examine what kind of social discrimination factors high placed and how these are presented in both verbal and nonverbal expressions. With regard to verbal forms, we examine discriminatory expressions in sentences and conversations including vocabularies commonly used in Korean coursebooks. The result prove that of all other forms of social discrimination found in Korean coursebooks, instances of gender role stereotypes occur most frequently. The second most frequently verbal discriminatory expression found referred to gender personality and behavior, while the third most frequently used discriminatory expression referred to physical appearance and body image. Also revealed in the study was a high recurrence of referencing gender role stereotypes in Korean coursebooks for female marriage immigrants as found through comparing two particular coursebooks. Concerning nonverbal forms, we examine discriminatory expressions in main characters and illustrations. In three types of Korean coursebooks, we observe a high recurrence of gender-biases when discussing job positions. For examples, one coursebook referred to restaurant work as suited for women, while describing the position of doctor as male job. Korean coursebooks for immigrants further reveal discrimination in their descriptions of socioeconomic status as determining so-called higher citizenship status. In illustrations, gender-biases of job and gender role stereotypes were presented more frequently in three kinds of Korean coursebooks than in the other kinds.

본 연구는 해양경찰조직의 사회자본 인식에 영향을 미치는 요인에 대해 실증적 분석을 실시하였다. 선행연구 검토를 통해 사회자본에 영향을 미치는 변수들을 검토하여 리더십 유형과 제도적 환경을 독립변수로 설정하고, 사회자본의 구성요인으로 신뢰, 참여, 네트워크를 설정하였다. 분석결과를 살펴보면 신뢰와 네트워크를 형성하는데는 제도적 환경으로서 제도 공정성과 성과관리가 높을수록 효과적이라는 결과가 나왔으며, 참여를 형성하는데는 리더십 유형 중 변혁적 리더십과 거래적 리더십이 효과적이라는 사실이 확인되었다. 이는 선행연구의 결과를 부분적으로 지지하는 결과이며, 이를 근거로 해양경찰의 사회자본을 효과적으로 구축하기 위한 리더십의 변화와 제도적 환경의 변화가 필요하다는 사실을 알 수 있다.

Social media users today have become active producers of information but how sharing brand-related information affects the attitude of other users is an important and unexplored path. Narayan et al. (2011) mentioned that User’s attitude towards the brand is shaped not just by the attributes of the products but also the preferences of other consumers, such as peers. Zhu et al. (2012), through their study concluded, user’s opinions significantly sway other user’s own choices or are likely to reverse their attitudes. Dawson et al. (1990) have supported that delivering experiences that are pleasurable and relevant will linger in the memory and influence the user’s attitudes and purchase intentions. Although previous studies researched the attitude of the users towards social media advertising, the effect of social media advertising on the user’s attitude towards the brand is yet to be examined. By applying the Uses & Gratification theory, stimulus-Organism-Response theory and the Theory of Reasoned Action, this study aims at evaluating the effects of information sharing, peer pressure, entertainment and emotional connection in a social media setting on the user’s attitude toward a brand present in social media thereby influencing their purchase intentions from the brand. An online survey was developed using items adopted from previous study and administered to college students, who are regular users of social media, such as Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube. Of 271 valid responses, 21% were males and 79% were females. Multiple regression analyses results supported all hypotheses. The results are consistent with the previous research, confirming user’s choice of media is influenced by their information seeking, entertainment and status needs (Tan, 198). Marketing via social media may offer content that have specific relevance or may offer entertainment for users (Chi, 2011) and may result in the establishment of an emotional connection with the brand. The more frequently brands interact with the users/fans/followers, the stronger will be the emotional connection which will affect the user’s purchase intentions from the brand. MaKenzie, Lutz & Belch (1986) in their study supported that the marketing patterns can influence the attitude of the users towards the brands which in turn affects the purchase intentions from the brand. The findings of this study confirmed that social media is a very important marketing tool. The marketers needs to ensure that they a) have a presence and social media, b) devise effective online marketing strategies and c) employ dedicated social media staff to continually interact, entertain and engage the users.

Users of smart-phone based social network game are rapidly increasing. However, there are few researches for smart-phone based social network game. In this paper, we analysed factors affecting the user satisfaction for smart-phone based social network games through empirical testing. As a result, convenience and social presence were found to have positive effects on the user satisfaction of social network game. This study provides practical suggestions for developers of social network game to invigorate the smart-phone based social network game market, such as improved additional investment for simple game interface, easy game rule, additional interactive services.

본 연구는 2008년 장애인실태조사 자료 분석을 통해 장애인의 사회복지서비스 이용에 영향을 미치는 요인이 무엇인지 살펴보는데 있다. 먼저 장애인의 인구사회학적 특성을 살펴보고, 장애인의 개인 요인, 장애 요인, 사회 요인을 투입하면서 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하여 장애인의 사회복지서비스 이용에 영향을 미치는 요인을 살펴보았다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 장애인의 개인 요인에는 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 주는 변수는 없었다. 둘째, 장애인의 장애 요인 중에서 주된 장애유형, 장애등급, 만성질환 여부, 평소 일반적인 건강상태의 변수가 유의미한 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 사회 요인 중에서 교통수단 이용 시 어려움 정도가 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 주는 변수로 나타났다. 따라서 장애인의 복지 이념인 정상화와 사회통합을 위해서는 장애인이 거주하고 있는 지역사회에서의 사회복지서비스 확대뿐 아니라, 장애인의 장애 요인과 사회 요인이 반영되는 장애인 복지서비스의 발전이 요구된다.

세계화의 흐름에 따라 대한민국은 다인종 다문화 된 국가를 이루고 있으며, 이와 같은 다문화시대의 한국사회의 구성원 및 외국인 범죄의 증가는 질적인 측면에서 국내인 범죄 못지않은 사회문제가 되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 외국인 수용자들의 일반적 속성이 수용생활만족도와 사회복귀 도움정도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 분석하여 효과적인 교정정책의 방향을 제시하는데 그 목적을 두고 있다. 본 연구의 분석결과 특히 자녀수의 유무가 수용생활만족도와 사회복귀 도움정도에 중요한 영향을 미치는 요인으로 나타났으며 종교별 유무는 사회복 귀 도움정도에만 중요한 영향을 미치는 요인으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 기초로 교정정책의 방향과 과제를 제언하면 첫째, 다문화주의를 존중하는 다문화주의 교정정책으로 전환해야 하고 둘째, 다문화감수성을 수용하는 프로그램 과 서비스의 개발 및 제공 셋째, 원활한 사회복귀를 위한 교정 복지정책의 확대 실시 넷째, 사회적 지지망의 개발과 정보제공 및 연계가 필요하다.

본 연구는 사회복지 전공 대학생의 자원봉사활동의 개인적 특성요인과 자원봉사활동 동기 및 태도 요인 간에 어떠한 관련성이 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 자원봉사활동에 관련된 요인들이 다양하지만 본 연구에서는 개별적 특성 중 특별히 동기, 태도가 각 개인의 특성요인과 어떻게 관련되어 있는지를 밝히고자 하였다. 자원봉사활동 경험과 자원봉사관련 교과목 이수 경험이 있는 I대의 사회복지 전공 대학생 120명을 대상으로 구조화된 설문지 조사방법을 사용하였다. 자료분석 방법은 SPSS Win 13.0 프로그램을 이용하여 빈도분석, 기술통계분석, t-검정, 일원배치 분산분석, 신뢰도분석, 상관관계 분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과는 자원봉사활동과 관련된 개인적 특성요인 중에 연령, 출생순위, 봉사업무, 희망업무, 주거지, 그리고 성격유형별 특성에 따라 동기 및 태도요인 중 친교동기, 성취동기, 성취 및 친교 혼합 동기, 성취 및 권력 혼합 동기, 적극성, 사교성, 수용성, 협조성, 객관성, 그리고 자원봉사활동에 대한 지식과 통계적으로 유의미한 관계로 나타났다. 연령에 따라 동기요인 선호 정도에 차이가 있다고 할 수 있다. 그러나 종교는 자원봉사활동 동기 및 태도요인들과 통계적으로 유의미한 관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 자원봉사활동의 개인적 특성요인과 동기 및 태도요인의 적용을 기반으로 한 활용가능성을 연구함으로써 사회복지 전공 대학생 자원봉사자에 대한 효율적인 자원봉사업무 배치 상담 및 관리 프로그램 설계에 기초 자료를 실증적으로 적용할 수 있다는 결론을 도출하였다.

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships of nutritional and social factors among 100 children aged 5~6 years. Forty five children (45%) were selected from families with low socioeconomic status, while 55 children (55%) were from those with high socioeconomic status. Cognitive performance of the children was measured by the Draw a man test and the degrees of hyperactivity were assessed by both children's mothers and their teachers using two different Check List (Behavior check list and Conner's rating scale). There were few associations between cognitive performance and nutritional variables. However, levels of hyperactivity were related positively to diversity of food intake and weight percentage for age, and negatively to animal and processed food preferences. These results indicate a possible role of nutrition on psychological development.

This research aims to analyze the factors affecting the acceptance of social commerce, including performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social support, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, habitability, price saving orientation, and privacy concerns using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2). UTAUT2 has been examined and modified in various contexts. The research model studies the acceptance and use of technology in the context of customers. This study adopts a quantitative method using the partial least squares regression (PLS) approach involving 244 respondents. The respondents are users of social commerce in Indonesia. The result of this research indicates that social influence, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, habit, price value orientation, and privacy concerns have a significant effect on behavioral intention. On the other hand, performance expectancy and effort expectancy does not affect behavioral intention. Furthermore, price value has a significant effect on social commerce user behavior. Lastly, facilitating conditions and habits does not affect social commerce user behavior. This research contributes to the development of theory by examining an additional variable, which is privacy concern. This study is significant since social media and social commerce have grown exponentially nowadays. Implications of the results for the development of the theory (UTAUT2) and practice are discussed in the article.

Electronic commerce is becoming a significant hub for sourcing products/services which helps organizations to connect with potential customers and gain competitive advantages, though little empirical work focuses on small businesses operating in developing countries to date. Increasingly, companies are looking to utilize social media to connect with stakeholders and pursue several benefits. This study aims to investigate the technological, organizational, and environmental (TOE) factors that influence small- and medium-sized enterprises’ (SMEs) social media (SM) adoption in developing countries. This study used a closed-ended questionnaire to collect data from randomlyselected respondents (owners, executives, and managers) from SMEs in Pakistan. SMART PLS version 3.2.8 was used for path analysis of 316 responses and for structural equation modeling. The research findings include the direct influence of TOE factors (relative advantage, interactivity, visibility, top management support, and institutional pressure) on SMEs’ SM adoption, and in turn SM adoption also has a positive influence on SMEs performance. Moreover, the coefficient of determination of the study showed that 77.7% of the variation in SM adoption occurs because of TOE factors and 29.8% variation in SMEs occurred because of SM adoption. This paper has implications for practitioners and scholars interested in exploring the SM adoption and usage by SMEs.

Global warming affects climate change and has an overall impact on all aspects of life. On the other hand, community behavior and disaster aspects also have an important role in people’s lives. This will also have an impact on regional development. This study aims to find the effect of climate, disaster, and social community on rural development. This study uses data on the potential of rural development from PODES 2014, and 2018 data collection on climate conditions and regional status is sourced from relevant ministries. This research uses Ordinary Least Square (OLS) Regression Analysis method, then continued with CHAID analysis to find the segmentation of the role of climate, disaster, and social factors on rural development. The results of this study found that all research regressor variables significantly influence the Rural Development Index (IPD2018), with an R-squared value of 32.9 percent. Efforts need to be taken in order to implement policies that are targeted, effective, and efficient. The results of this study can be a reference for the government in determining policies by focusing on rural development that have high duration of sunshine, cultivating natural disaster warnings, especially in areas prone to natural disasters, and need to focus on underdeveloped areas.

The study aims to investigate factors affecting enterprise’s satisfaction and loyalty toward the Social Security’s online public services, looking at the case of Thanh Hoa province, Vietnam. This study employs samples with 216 enterprises that use online public system of Thanh Hoa province’s Social Security. The research model is closely linked to the SERVQUAL model developed by Parasuraman, Zeithaml and Berry (1988). We propose 23 scales that constitute the quality of service, three scales that constitute Customer Satisfaction and three components that constitute Customer Loyalty. This study use the tool of Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Cronbach’s Alpha test, Confirm Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in order to address the question of satisfaction and loyalty. The result shows that the factor with the most impact is Reliability, next is Capacity of staffs, Tangibles, Attitude of staffs, and the least impacting factor is Empathy; moreover, the results also show that Satisfaction has a strong impact on Customer Loyalty. The findings of this study suggest that Thanh Hoa province’s Social Security should: (i) strengthen the reliability of online service system; (ii) build capacity for staffs; (iii) develop the responsiveness of electronic transactions systems; and (iv) improve the empathy of staffs.

The concept of social entrepreneurship (SE) is gaining attention in developing economies for the purpose of greater societal welfare maximization. Still, findings in the field of SE studies have been riddled with conflicting results and counterstatement. Also, the determinants of developing SE are not robustly investigated in developing economies like Bangladesh. This context has mobilized the authors of this current study to focus on determining student’s intention to pursue SE as their career choice. Hence, the study aims to examine the predictive determinants of social entrepreneurial intentions (SEI) among Bangladeshi students. The study has investigated the influence of entrepreneurial self-efficacy, social support, prior experience, and educational support on SEI. The survey was conducted from a public university of Bangladesh, and 231 students participated in the study. Questionnaire items under each construct variable have been adopted from pre-tested research studies. Five-point Likert scale questionnaire was applied to measure the variables. SPSS version 23.0 has been used for statistical analysis through which correlation and multiple regression analysis were conducted to measure the impact of the independent variables on SEI. Results exhibited that self-efficacy, social support, and educational support positively and significantly predicted SEI, while prior experience does not influence SEI.

노동위기, 고실업 및 복지 위기에 대한 시민사회 집합적 대응과 국가 필요성에서 발생한 사회적기업 (장원봉, 2008)의 생존성에 대한 의문은 지속적으로 제기되어 왔다. 이를 증명하기 위해 경제적 가치 뿐만 아니라 사회적 가치 분석법 등 다양한 관점이 존재하였다. 본 연구에서는 사회적 기업에 대한 중요성 에도 불구하고 실질적인 성과 평가가 이루어지지 않는 시점에서 사회적기업의 지원정책과 성과의 관계 를 명확히 분석하고, 성과 분야에 대한 집중적 지원 방향성을 설정하는데 목적이 있다. 본 연구 실증 결과를 살펴보면 사회적기업의 사회적성과 중 대표적인 고용증대효과에 대해선 외부지 원금이 긍정적인 영향을 미치며, 매출액은 고용증대에 직접적 연관성이 높았다. 업종별로는 보건간병 분야와 환경위생분야의 취약계층 및 일반 근로자 창출이 다른 업종에 비해 뚜렷하였다. 또한, 외부지원금의 경우 사회적기업의 경제적, 사회경제적 성과와는 무관하였으며, 평균임금수준이 높고 주주가 구성괸 상법상 회사가 다른 현태의 조직보다 사회 경제적 성과가 높았다.

Purpose - In order to achieve the organizational objectives, the behavior of the employees and their collaboration with management should be taken into account. It has been shown that strategic behavior depends on a number of different factors. The aim of this article was determining the relationship between factors related to the strategic behavior. Research design, data, and methodology - Accordingly, a conceptual model was developed and tested in the form of a survey. Participants of the study were the employees working in the social Insurance company of Tehran. Data was collected using a questionnaire conducted among managers and the staff. A correlation model was used for data analysis by employing the SPSS software. Results - The findings showed there was a relationship between employees’ engagement and the strategic behavior. Conclusions - Our research has demonstrated the effect of employees’ engagement on the strategic-driven behavior, emphasizing the role of employees’ engagement in health-care service firms. Although previous service research has focused on the factors that drive employees’ performance, it seems that most of this research has been inspired by the idea of the service profit chain, focusing on the effect of employees’ satisfaction on performance.