Purpose: This qualitative research was conducted to explore the experiences of social workers encountering peer conflicts among abused boys living in child counseling protection center (center) and psychosocially intervening to resolve peer conflicts. Methods: The participants were four social workers who were caring for twenty abused boys at the center. Data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interview, and field data. The collected data were analyzed by emic coding. Results: First, the experiences of social workers encountering peer conflict phenomena among abused boys were ‘psychological distortion from abuse trauma’, ‘manifestation of impulse or aggression to trivial stimuli’, and ‘lack of mutual respect among peers’. Second, the experiences of social workers intervening in resolving peer conflicts among abused boys were ‘stabilize offended feeling’, ‘maintain stability through verbal and non-verbal interventions’, ‘apply positive techniques to improve peer relations’, and ‘help abused children overcome trauma and grow’. Conclusion: Social workers confirmed that the role of social welfare experts was important to secure understanding and insight into peer conflicts between abused children and to convert the pain of abused children into positive energy. The results of this study will help social welfare professionals develop a family-centered abuse trauma recovery program for abused children.

최근 지구온난화에 의한 이상기상으로 겨울철 한파와 봄철 저온에 의한 농작물 피해가 심각하게 발생하고 있다. 특히 과수의 개화기 저온피해는 꽃눈의 생육단계에 따라 차이가 있으며 발육이 진전될수록 내한성이 약해져 개화 직전부터 낙화 후 1주까지 한계온도가 다르게 발생한다. 따라서 개화기가 빠른 사과 ‘홍로’가 ‘후지’보다 피해가 심각한 것이 일반적이나 2020년 4월 저온피해는 개화기가 늦은 ‘후지’의 피해가 심하게 발생하여 그 원인을 분석하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 충북 보은군 사과나무 ‘후지’와 ‘홍로’를 동시에 재배하는 2농가를 대상으로 품종 간 피해율 실태조사를 실시하였다. 또한 정확한 품종 간 비교 분석을 위하여 생육단계가 동일한 시료를 선택하여 인위적으로 저온처리(－2.0℃, －4.0℃)를 하여 피해 정도를 조사하고, 원인 분석을 위해 조직 내 유리당과 호르몬 함량을 분석하였다. 실태조사 결과 2농가 모두 ‘후지’가 ‘홍로’보다 피해율이 높았으며, 특히 B농가(저지대, 평지) ‘후지’의 경우 피해율이 60.5%로 가장 높았다. 또한 동일한 생육 단계의 시료를 사용한 인위적 저온 처리 시험결과에서도 ‘후 지’와 ‘홍로’ 품종 간 피해율에 유의한 차이가 있었다. 유리당 함량은 저온 피해율이 낮았던 ‘홍로’가‘후지’보다 높았으며, 호르몬 분석 결과 정상 꽃눈보다 손상된 조직에서 ABA, IAA 와 SA 함량이 높게 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구 결과 조직내 유리당 함량이 높으면 저온 피해율이 낮은 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, 특히 저온 피해율은 sorbitol 함량과 부의 상관관계를 이루고 있다.

Current seismic fragility functions for buildings were developed by defining damage state threshold based on story drift concerning foreign references and using the capacity spectrum method based on spectral displacement. In this study, insufficient details and dependence on the core location of piloti-type buildings were not reflected in the fragility function because it was developed before the Pohang earthquake. In order to develop an improved one for piloti-type buildings, several types of core were selected, damage state threshold was determined based on the capacity of structural members, and three-dimensional analyses were utilized. As a result, seismic fragility functions based on spectral acceleration were developed for various core locations and different shear strengths of the column stirrup. The fragility of piloti-type buildings significantly varied according to core location, an additional single wall, and whether the contribution of column stirrup was included or not. To estimate fragility more reasonably, it is necessary to prepare the parameters to reflect actual state well.

열대거세미나방(Spodoptera fruligiperda)은 열대성 비래해충으로서 우리나라에서도 최근 비래하여 피해가 발견되고 있다. 본 연구는 열대 거세미나방 비래 세대와 후세대의 옥수수에 대한 피해양상을 파악하고자 수행하였다. 옥수수 품종별 열대거세미나방 비래 세대에 의한 피해주율은 적게는 4.3% (알록이옥수수)에서 많게는 33.0% (초당옥수수)로 다양하였으며, 전체 평균 피해주율은 13.2% 이었다. 열대거세미나방에 피해 를 받은 옥수수 중에서 최종 번데기까지 이르는 데에 성공한 주의 비율은 19.3% 이었다. 비래 후세대가 암이삭에 미치는 피해는 비래세대에서 거의 무시할 수준으로 확인된 것과는 달리 높게 나타났으며, 종자까지 피해받은 암이삭의 비율은 60%가 되었다. 유충의 분산은 2령기에 가장 활발하였으며, 한 이랑을 따라서 일렬로 일어났다. 기타 열대거세미나방의 피해발달과 본결과의 활용방안에 대하여 고찰하였다.

To check the linguistic features of the interviews from the humidifier disinfectant victims, the research compared the interviews with the modern spoken corpus and analyzed them in respect of vocabulary and grammar. The results are as follows. First, a common point was deduced by the lexical metaphor that the relationship between the informants and their companion animals, the victims of the case, is as close as a family member. The result is very meaningful, in that it is very rare that the materials of the lexical metaphor provide and predict the relationship between humans and companion animals. Second, the actuality of the semi-formal talk was well revealed by the grammatical feature, in terms of many fragmentary sentences and frequent uses of the ‘-haeyo’ style. However, certain types of conclusive endings such as ‘-keodeunyo’, ‘-jyo’, or ‘-jahnayo’, which are used by the speaker's assumption on the state of hearer's knowledge, were frequently used compared to the modern spoken corpus. The features of these conclusive endings assuming hearer's knowledge and ignorance show that the linguistic materials of informants implicate their intent to inform the society of the case and to get recognition from the society.

흑다리긴노린재 약충 및 성충에 의한 벼 이삭 피해를 다양한 조건에서 분석하였다. 흑다리긴노린재 약충 1마리를 1일간 접종하였을 경우 주당 평균 2.7개, 16마리를 16일간 접종하였을 때 주당 평균 132.3개의 반점미가 발생되었다. 접종밀도와 반점미 발생 입수와는 고도의 정의 상 관관계를 나타내었다(Y = 8.8446X, r2 = 0.9622). 출수기에 흑다리긴노린재 성충 1쌍을 접종한 경우 벼 수확 시 발생한 피해로 동할미율은 40.2%, 반점미율은 30.5%였으며, 16쌍을 처리한 경우 동할미율은 81.7%, 반점미율은 74.5% 발생되었다. 벼의 등숙 정도에 따른 피해 양상을 분석한 결과 출수 초기에 가해하였을 경우에는 벼의 등숙율을 감소시키는 경향을 보였으며, 중기 및 후기에 가해하였을 경우 동할미율과 반점미 율이 증가하는 경향을 나타내어 가해시기에 따라 벼 이삭 피해의 차이가 현저하였다.

The paper aims to explore existence and degree of remaining fisheries damages after the completion of undertaking the Four Major Rivers Project focusing on the case of Yeongsan river. The paper seeks to show the necessity of consideration of periods of fishery resources recovery in the estimation of ex-post fisheries damages of the project by inferring the analysis of the annual variation of environmental indicators in the river. Therefore, the paper suggests three years of remaining periods of fisheries damages of the project utilizing the variation trend of ex-ante and ex-post annual output data of inland fisheries in Jeonnam province and individual catch of fisheries. In the measurement of the annual degree of fisheries damages during periods of fishery resources recovery, the paper attempts to suggest the method of comparision of day catch data per vessel between ex-ante and ex-post periods of the project, which were investigated by the same institute. Here the paper tries to make correction of ex-post catch data for holding the same catching condition as ex-ante situation by adopting the concept of competitive intensity of catching which was derived from the decreasing rate of number of fishing households in the area of Yeongsan river.

본 보고는 2020년 산림 지역에서 대발생하여 큰 피해를 준 매미나방과 대벌레에 의한 피해면적과 피해수종에 대해 기술하였다. 매미나방에 의한 식엽 피해는 강원(1,638 ha), 경기(1,134 ha), 충북(726 ha), 서울(476 ha) 등 중부지방을 중심으로 심각하였다. 대벌레는 서울시 은평구와 고양시 덕양구 사이에 위치한 봉산(약 19 ha)에서 대발생하였다.

Earthquake preparedness has become more important with recent increase in the number of earthquakes in Korea, but many existing structures are not prepared for earthquakes. There are various types of liquefaction prevention method that can be applied, such as compaction, replacement, dewatering, and inhibition of shear strain. However, most of the liquefaction prevention methods are applied before construction, and it is important to find optimal methods that can be applied to existing structures and that have few effects on the environment, such as noise, vibration, and changes in underground water level. The purpose of this study is to estimate the correlation between the displacement of a structure and variations of pore water pressure on the ground in accordance with the depth of the sheet file when liquidation occurs. To achieve this, a shaking table test was performed for Joo-Mun-Jin standard sand and an earth pressure, accelerometer, pore water pressure transducer, and LVDT were installed in both the non-liquefiable layer and the liquefiable layer to measure the subsidence and excess pore water pressure in accordance with the time of each embedded depth. Then the results were analyzed. A comparison of the pore water pressure in accordance with Hsp/Hsl was shown to prevent lateral water flow at 1, 0.85 and confirmed that the pore water pressure increased. In addition, the relationship between Hsp/Hsl and subsidence was expressed as a trend line to calculate the expected settlement rate formula for the embedded depth ratio.