Fuel consumption in fisheries is a primary concern due to environmental effects and costs to fishermen. Much research has been carried out to reduce the fuel consumption related to fishing operations. The fuel consumption of fishing gear in fishing operation is generally related to hydrodynamic resistance on the gear. This research is to propose a low drag generated midwater trawl in terms of the gear design improvement using simulations. The results from the simulation were verified with results that mirrored the model experiments. From the results, the resistance force of the proposed gear decreased to 29% compared to that of the current gear. Furthermore, the gear performance also improved with increased gear mouth compared to the current one. Therefore, the proposed gear will be helpful to reduce the greenhouse gases from fishing operation. It will also contribute to the fishing industry by saving fuel.

최근 국내외에서는 수질안정성 향상 및 부지면적 저감을 위해 막여과 공정도입이 활발한 추세이며 특히, 정수처리 분야에서는 정밀여과(Microfiltration) 및 한외여과(Ultrafiltration) 공정이 많이 적용되고 있다. 막여과 공정의 경제성 향상을 위해서는 세정 시점의 예측 및 세정 주기 연장이 매우 중요한 요소이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 인공신경망(Artificial neural network)을 활용하여 UF 공정차압(Transmembrane pressure) 예측 모델을 개발하고자 한다. 입력변수로는 유입수 온도, pH, 탁도 등의 일평균값을 이용하였다.

This paper aims to reveal the effects of the K-ε turbulence model on the performance analysis of battery cooling system for electric vehicle. The maximum temperature, the difference of temperature, and temperature distributions on the battery module were compared with and without K- ε turbulence model under the different flow rate. It was found that there was no need to apply K-ε turbulence model when the flow rate is over 500m3/h because the difference of maximum temperature is under the 6℃.

인적자원관리에 대한 중요성이 강조되면서 인사 평가에 대한 공정성 인식이 구성원의 동기부여를 통 한 태도와 성과에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 반면 어떠한 요인들이 평가 공정 성을 형성하는지에 대한 선행요인들에 대한 논의는 거의 이루어지지 않고 있으며, 이에 대한 이론적 논의 역시 대부분 공정성 이론에 기반을 두고 공정성 인식이 구성원의 태도와 행위에 미치는 효과를 설명하는 것으로만 제한적으로 이루어지고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 공정성 휴리스틱 이론을 도입하여 평가 정확성과 평가 유용성이라는 선행요인들이 평가 공정성 인식 형성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 설명하는 한 편, 이러한 인사평가에 대한 공정성 인식 정도가 궁극적으로 업무성과에 어떠한 영향을 주는지를 살펴보 고자 한다. 이러한 관계를 검증하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 항공사 승무원에 대한 설문자료를 활용하여 인사평가에 대한 정확성과 유용성 인식이 분배 공정성 및 절차 공정성 인식에 미치는 효과와 이 두 가지 공정성 인식이 인사평가 정확성과 유용성 인식과 서비스 성과 간 관계를 매개하는 효과를 실증하였다. 국내 대형항공사 승무원을 대상으로 한 204명의 표본을 구조방정식모형을 통하여 분석한 결과, 인사 평가 에 대한 정확성 정도는 절차 및 분배 공정성 인식에 모두 통계적으로 유의한 영향력을 갖지 못하는 것으 로 나타났다. 반면, 인사 평가에 대한 유용성 정도는 분배 공정성 인식과 절차 공정성 인식 모두에 정(+) 의 관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 부스트래핑을 통한 다중매개모형을 분석한 결과, 인사평가에 대 한 유용성은 절차공정성 인식 및 분배 공정성 인식을 매개하여 서비스성과에 간접적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 이론적 논의들과 실증 결과들을 바탕으로 시사점과 연구의 한계점 및 향후 연구 방향이 결론 부분에 논의되었다.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) has caused by expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP), Tau and presenilin (PS) as known as plaques and tangle accumulation. AD transgenic porcine model is necessary for preclinical testing of therapeutic agent because of similar metabolic system between porcine and human. The objective of study was to generate AD transgenic pig by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) with multi-cistronic vector system. AD multi-cistronic vector was 6 well-known mutation on 3 AD related genes, hAPP (K670N/M671L, I716V, V717I), hTau (P301L) and hPS1 (M146V, L286P). Establishment of AD transgenic cell lines was used from Jeju black pig ear fibroblast cells (JB-PEFAD) with the AD multi-cistronic vector. The JB-PEFAD cell was confirmed on mRNA expression, protein synthesis of hAPP, hTau and hPS1 and identification of integration and karyotype. Although fusion rate was no difference in SCNT with JB-PEF AD (SCNTAD) embryos, cleavage and blastocyst formation rates were slightly lower than in SCNT with non-transgenic JB-PEF (SCNTnon-TG). Individual SCNTAD blastocysts were detected hAPP, hTau and hPS1 genomic integration which showed 93.2% (n=30) efficiency in genomic DNA (gDNA) level. It will give us a possibility to develop porcine animal model for AD study in the future.

The recent development of modern weapon system by SOS (System of System) has required users to have more exact decision making. It is possible to achieve the control of complex weapon system more efficiently and effectively by increasing usability. Accordingly, many studies on graphical display have been conducted for several years in the field of HCI (Human Computer Interaction) and GUI (Graphic User Interface), starting from its design stage. Therefore, this paper focuses on evaluating the system GUI usability and analyzing several important points based on performance model, which is a tool for the evaluation and the improvement of service quality. Performance Model, the main focus of this study, reflects user expectations (which is defined as user importance in this paper). The study consists of four steps. First, 34 checklists are drawn from the existing studies related to GUI usability evaluation by using a heuristic method, and then the checklists are matched with 11 weapon system design factors. Next, the study evaluates the importance of GUI element and the usability of weapon system “A” with the checklists twice respectively. Third, the performance of user importance (Pi) and the performance of usability (Pu) are calculated by modifying a numerical formula for normalization in this step. Finally, the study compares the approach it takes and the existing usability evaluation method, demonstrating that there is a significant difference between the two methods as a result. In addition, 4 improvement factors are suggested for weapon system “A” as “Shortcut” and “Description of Abbreviation,” and so on. Although it is necessary to conduct more studies for higher reliability and validity of the results, this study is meaningful considering it takes a new point of view.

PURPOSES : The purpose of this study was to develop safety performance functions (SPFs) that use zero-inflated negative binomial regression models for urban intersections in central business districts (CBDs), and to compare the statistical significance of developed models against that of regular negative binomial regression models. METHODS : To develop and analyze the SPFs of intersections in CBDs, data acquisition was conducted for dependent and independent variables in areas of study. We analyzed the SPFs using zero-inflated negative binomial regression model as well as regular negative binomial regression model. We then compared the results by analyzing the statistical significance of the models. RESULTS : SPFs were estimated for all accidents and injury accidents at intersections in CBDs in terms of variables such as AADT, Number of Lanes at Major Roads, Median Barriers, Right Turn with an Exclusive Turn Lane, Turning Guideline, and Front Signal. We also estimated the log-likelihood at convergence and the likelihood ratio of SPFs for comparing the zero-inflated model with the regular model. In he SPFs, estimated log-likelihood at convergence and the likelihood ratio of the zero-inflated model were at -836.736, 0.193 and -836.415, 0.195. Also estimated the log-likelihood at convergence and likelihood ratio of the regular model were at -843.547, 0.187 and -842.631, 0.189, respectively. These figures demonstrate that zero-inflated negative binomial regression models can better explain traffic accidents at intersections in CBDs. CONCLUSIONS : SPFs that use a zero-inflated negative binomial regression model demonstrate better statistical significance compared with those that use a regular negative binomial regression model.

Our study aims to investigate the mechanisms leading to focal firm’s innovation performance through the coopetitive relationships. Specifically, we argue focal firm’s two capabilities, coopetition capability and NPD capability, play a crucial role as a mediator of interfirm coopetition and its innovation performance. In order to provide new evidence on this subject, we contribute to this stream by developing a conceptual model. We argue that coopetitive behaviors of partners will influence the focal firm’s coopetition capability, which will then influence the focal firm’s NPD capability, although we assume NPD capability will have an impact on coopetition capability as well. We also argue NPD capability will not only lead to new product advantages, NPD process advantages as well, as a result of them, financial performance at the end. This paper reports the development of this model.

Even in the business-to-business markets, service quality is becoming very important factor which determines success or failure of the long-term business relationship. Our study aims to reveal how such recognized B-to-B service quality influences on realizing the relationship between the customer and the supplier. We began this research with two main objectives: (1) develop the service quality scale to facilitate assessments of B-to-B service quality and (2) investigate the structural model which deals with the relation between the service quality and business relationship performance. Considering that most previous researches about service quality were conducted in the business-to-consumer(B-to-C) area, this study conceptualizes the various quality aspects of service that are considered in B-to-B market and proposes B-SERVQUAL model which is the detailed quality measurement scale of B-to-B service. We developed a measurement scale called B-SERVQUAL for B-to-B service quality and tested research hypotheses and structural model. We found that service quality has a positive effect on relationship bonding, indicating that the superior service quality of service providers leads relationship bonding with buyers. Five dimensions considered in this study bring not only structural bond but also the social bond that refers to the emotional bonding. Relationship bonding has a positive effect on commitment. Relationship commitment appeared to be an important factor that has a positive effect on relationship performance, which demonstrates the reduction of management cost through commitment. This study reflected the economic and convenience aspects of services that haven’t been highlighted in the previous studies in the business marketing area. This study has academic implications in that it reflected the economic aspects of services, which have been dealt with conceptually by some scholars such as profitability, productivity, and cost. From the viewpoint of B2B service providers, the B-SERVQUAL proposed in this study will be helpful guide for service providers to specifically identify the customers’ needs and manage their service quality in the business market.

PURPOSES : The objective of this paper is to develop a pavement performance model based on the Bayesian algorithm, and compare the measured and predicted performance data. METHODS : In this paper, several pavement types such as SMA (stone mastic asphalt), PSMA (polymer-modified stone mastic asphalt), PMA (polymer-modified asphalt), SBS (styrene-butadiene-styrene) modified asphalt, and DGA (dense-graded asphalt) are modeled in terms of the performance evaluation of pavement structures, using the Bayesian algorithm. RESULTS : From case studies related to the performance model development, the statistical parameters of the mean value and standard deviation can be obtained through the Bayesian algorithm, using the initial performance data of two different pavement cases. Furthermore, an accurate performance model can be developed, based on the comparison between the measured and predicted performance data. CONCLUSIONS : Based on the results of the case studies, it is concluded that the determined coefficients of the nonlinear performance models can be used to accurately predict the long-term performance behaviors of DGA and modified asphalt concrete pavements. In addition, the developed models were evaluated through comparison studies between the initial measurement and prediction data, as well as between the final measurement and prediction data. In the model development, the initial measured data were used.

본 연구에서는 인천공항 제2계류장 관제소에 설치될 예정인 AMD에 선형제어알고리즘인 속도피드백 알고리즘을 적용하여 제어효율 및 안전성을 평가하였다. 공장성능시험 결과와 수치해석 프로그램의 해석결과를 비교하여 AMD가 설계의도대로 제어를 수행하는지 여부를 분석하였다. 또한 제어알고리즘에 의한 순수제어력에 추가되는 게인스케줄링과 원점보정신호가 제어력에 미치는 영향을 실험을 통해 확인하였다. AMD의 성능시험 결과 게인스케줄링과 원점보정신호는 제어효율에 큰 영향을 미치지 않음을 확인하였으며, 구조물에 큰 외력이 작용하는 경우에 발생하는 AMD 질량체의 과도한 이동으로 인해 구조물에 손상을 입힐 수 있는 문제에 대한 안전성을 검증하였다. 추가적으로 제어효율지수를 도입하여 AMD의 제어 상태를 모니터링한 결과, 적용된 알고리즘이 효과적으로 구조물을 제어함을 확인하였다.

2017년까지 정부는 사회적기업 3천개를 육성하고 사회적기업에 10만명을 고용하려는 계획을 가지고 있다. 우리나라의 사회적기업은 2007년 사회적기업 육성법이 제정된 이래 본격적으로 육성을 시작, 2015 년 현재 1400여개의 가파른 양적 성장을 기록하였다. 하지만 양적 성장은 이루었지만 여전히 대다수 사회적기업이 그 경제적․사회적 목적에 맞는 자립을 이루어내지 못하고 정부에 대한 높은 의존을 하고 있는 점과 규모의 영세성이 해결해야 할 문제점으로 남아있다. 이에 내실화를 이루고 안정적인 사회적기업의 정착을 위해 사회적기업을 위한 생태계 조성에 또 하나 의 토대가 될 수 있는 상생모델의 제시를 통해 앞으로의 발전방향을 모색해보고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 행복나래(주)의 사회적기업 지원에 대한 성과분석을 바탕으로 사회적기업의 안정적 생태계 조성을 위한 또 하나의 방안으로서 모범적 상생모델과 앞으로의 발전방향에 대해 제시하였다.

PURPOSES: This study aims to evaluate the runoff reduction with permeable pavements using the SWMM analysis. METHODS: In this study, simulations were carried out using two different models, simple and complex, to evaluate the runoff reduction when an impermeable pavement is replaced with a permeable pavement. In the simple model, the target area for the analysis was grouped into four areas by the land use characteristics, using the statistical database. In the complex model, simulation was performed based on the data on the sewer and road network configuration of Yongsan-Gu Bogwang-Dong in Seoul, using the ArcGIS software. A scenario was created to investigate the hydro-performance of the permeable pavement based on the return period, runoff coefficient, and the area of permeable pavement that could be laid within one hour after rainfall. RESULTS : The simple modeling analysis results showed that, when an impervious pavement is replaced with a permeable pavement, the peak discharge reduced from 16.7 m3/s to 10.4 m3/s. This represents a reduction of approximately 37.6%. The peak discharge from the whole basin showed a reduction of approximately 11.0%, and the quantity decreased from 52.9 m3/s to 47.2 m3/s. The total flowoff reduced from 43,261 m3 to 38,551 m3, i.e., by approximately 10.9%. In the complex model, performed using the ArcGIS interpretation with fewer permeable pavements applicable, the return period and the runoff coefficient increased, and the total flowoff and peak discharge also increased. When the return period was set to 20 years, and a runoff coefficient of 0.05 was applied to all the roads, the total outflow reduced by 5195.7 m3, and the ratio reduced to 11.7%. When the return period was increased from 20 years to 30 and 100 years, the total outflow reduction decreased from 11.7% to 8.0% and 5.1%, respectively. When a runoff coefficient of 0.5 was applied to all the roads under the return period of 20 years, the total outflow reduction was 10.8%; when the return period was increased to 30 and 100 years, the total outflow reduction decreased to 6.5% and 2.9%, respectively. However, unlike in the simple model, for all the cases in the complex model, the peak discharge reductions were less than 1%. CONCLUSIONS : Being one of the techniques for water circulation and runoff reduction, a high reduction for the small return period rainfall event of penetration was obtained by applying permeable pavements instead of impermeable pavement. With the SWMM analysis results, it was proved that changing to permeable pavement is one of the ways to effectively provide water circulation to various green infrastructure projects, and for stormwater management in urban watersheds.

This paper presents the performance of a CFD model for the near field dispersion of odor from rooftop emissions. The FLUENT Shear-Stress Transport (SST hereinafter) k-ω turbulence model was used to simulate odor dispersion from a rooftop odor vent. The results were compared with a wind tunnel experiment and the calculated results of ASHRAE 2003 and 2007. The FLUENT SST k-ω turbulence model provided good results for making reasonable predictions about the building rooftop surface normalized dilution. It was found that increasing the vent height (from 1 m to 7 m) reduces rooftop surface normalized dilution. ASHRAE 2003 and ASHRAE 2007 performance measures are generally not as good as FLUENT SST k-ω turbulence model performance measures, with larger MG (the geometric mean bias, VG (the geometric variance), NMSE (the normalized mean square error), FB (Fractional bias), and smaller FAC2 (the fraction of predictions within a factor of two of observations).

This study investigated the embedded depth of guardrail posts through 3-D soil material model and carried out evaluation of the dynamic performance of guard rail. In order to calculate for embedded depth of sloping ground, displacement of guardrail posts is analyzed according to the embedded depth of experiment variables. Through the static test of guardrail posts, the maximum deflection was found to decrease the interval. By performing the dynamic test using the Bogie Car, that is confirmed the elastic modulus of the soil occuring the maximum deflection. Guardrail posts is considered to need for further reinforcement in the larger slope than the plains. This study researched about maximum displacement and deviation velocity through dynamic performance of guardrail system and conducted analysis about protection performance evaluation of passenger.

월성원자력환경센터 중저준위방사성폐기물 처분시설은 서로 다른 방식의 처분시설이 혼재하고, 월성 원자력발전소와도 인 접해있다. 이와 같은 높은 복잡성으로 인해 처분시설 안전성 평가 시 보다 면밀한 현상이해가 필요하다. 기존 1단계 사일로 처분시설의 성능평가모델들에 포함된 불필요한 보수성을 줄이고 복합처분시설에 대한 보다 실제적인 성능을 파악하기 위해 서는 다차원 수리/핵종이동 모델이 필요하다. 이와 함께 향후 복합처분시스템의 특성에 기인한 다양한 불확실성을 관리하 고 파라미터의 중요도를 분석하기 위해 많은 계산이 필요할 것으로 예상하며, 이를 위해 보다 효율적인 성능평가 모델이 요 구된다. 본 논문에서는 두 요건을 충족시키기 위해 수리성능 모델과 핵종이동 모델을 연계한 2단계 천층처분시설의 근계영 역 2차원 통합성능평가 모델을 개발하였다. 수리 및 핵종이동은 PORFLOW와 GoldSim 전산 코드를 이용해 평가하였으며, GoldSim 핵종이동 모델은 PORFLOW 핵종이동 모델과의 벤치마크를 통해 검증하였다. GoldSim 모델은 계산효율이 뛰어났 으며 기존의 모델에 비해 핵종이동거동을 이해하는데 용이하였다.

PURPOSES: This paper evaluates, using LS/DYNA-3D software, the vehicle impact performance of flexible barriers made of steel WBeam supported by four different types of post configurations. These types include circular post, H-shape post, C-shape post, and square post. METHODS : The post-soil interaction has been investigated according to different impact angles. For this purpose, energy absorption, maximum displacements of post and rail, and occupant risk index of THIV have been compared each other. The three dimensional soil material model, instead of the conventional spring model based on Winkler and p-y curve, has been used to increase the correctness of computational model. RESULTS: It is noted the crash energy absorption has been increased with respect to the increase of impact angle. CONCLUSIONS : In particular, a post with open section(H-shape, C-shape) shows the greater crash energy absorption capability as compared with a post with closed section under the same level of impact conditions.

Because of the changing educational environments, Korean universities have to stand up to the challenge of enhancing their performances in educational activities. Therefore, Korean universities should seek ways to improve its competitiveness. The evaluation of Korean universities has been conducted by the Government and other media agencies like JoongAng’s Daily to promote the development of universities. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the relative efficiency of Korean universities using DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) and AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) models. To produce reasonable results, major input and output variables have been determined in a step using a Profiling method, Spearman correlation analysis and AHP model. Also, this study shows that the relative efficiency for Korean universities is obtained not only based on quantity of output, but also on the basis of the quality of the output. Drawing upon the results of the analysis, this study provides a comprehensive and practical method for evaluating the performance of universities in terms of efficiency.