In the present study a two-mode, separately concurring resonant cavity model is proposed for theoretical interpretation of the 3 minute umbral oscillation. The proposed model has been investigated by calculating the transmission coefficients of the waves propagating through the umbral photosphere (photospheric weak-field cavity) and chromosphere (chromospheric strong-field cavity) into the corona, for 3 different umbral model atmospheres by Staude (1982), Beebe et al. (1982) and Avrett (1981). In computing the transmission coefficients we made use of multi-layer approximation by representing the umbra] atmosphere by a number of separate layers with (1) temperature varying linearly with depth and (2) temperature constant within each layer. The medium is assumed to be compressible, non-viscous, perfectly conducting under gravity. The computed resonant periods, transmission spectra, phase spectra, and kinetic energy density of the waves associated with the oscillations are presented in comparison with the observations and their model dependent characteristics are discussed.

In this study, non-destructive methods were applied to detect cavities behind face-slab of concrete-faced rockfill dam (CFRD). This study reviewed the effectiveness of the field IE, MASW, MIRA shear wave tomography and GPR findings. IR techniques also reviewed as an additional method of exploration to reinforce the proposed methods of exploration. Among previous methods, IE exploration was concluded most appropriate as an efficient way to detect cavity of the CFRD. Nevertheless, additional reinforcement investigation is required because the result of a single exploration is difficult to reduce the uncertainty.

In this study, it was evaluated the detection results of ground penetration radar (GPR) by using pixel difference. Experimental tank was made for this purpose. Concrete hume pipe and PE pipe were buried in the tank. The pavement finish of the surface was classified 4th cases. In the case of non-reinforcement concrete pavement, the buried pipe detection was easy than other pavement cases. And it was easy to detect the buried pipe by the difference of the color pixels rather than the black and white pixels.

Red spotted grouper, Epinephelus akaara, is a popular aquaculture species and a protogynous hermaphrodite. Induction of artificial sex change at the time of primary sex differentiation is of interest but has not been successful due to the lack of necessary basic information. To find out the potential neuroendocrine influence on the primary sex differentiation, the expression of key genes in the brain was investigated during the formation of ovarian cavity. Expression of cyp19a1b, esr1, gnrhr1, fsh, lh and cga in the brain was positively associated with the formation of ovarian cavity, showing gradual increase as the formation proceeds. However, the expression of gnrh1 was suppressed during the early part of the ovarian cavity formation, signifying potential hypothalamic influence on the primary sex differentiation in this species.

For the evaluation of the road cavity, GPR method is usually used widely. But the technique of image process is very difficult and confused owing to the similar signals. In this study, the deflection analysis is proposed for the supplement method of the GPR.

본 연구에서는 토조에 설치한 관의 종류 및 매립 깊이, 공동 깊이 및 포장 조건 등에 대한 GPR(Ground Penetrating Radar) 탐사를 진 행하여 매립관의 종류 및 공동 탐사 능력을 실험적으로 규명하였다. 아스팔트 포장 및 비포장의 경우, 콘크리트 포장 및 철근 콘크리트 포장 대 비 매립관의 탐사가 용이한 것으로 평가되었다. 또한 공기 공동의 경우, 매립 깊이 1 m에서는 탐지가 가능한 것으로 평가되었다.

This study is to determine the predictability of the ground cavitation by GPR equipment. Water and sewage pipeline buried in sand and soil tanks and to prepare a specimen for exploration of water and air cavities. The sand for a dielectric constant 8, the soil using 6.5 is preferred to extract data for the asphalt pavement condition. After the GPR detections, the cavity in sand tank rather than soil tank is to obtain more precise data.

In this paper it is verified that the cavity of ground under box-culvert is closely related to the inspection grade of box-culvert. The field survey results of cavity exploration were compared to inspection grade of box-culvert. The test results show that the results of cavity exploration be a good index to predict inspection grade of box-culvert.

Paragonimiasis is an infectious disease caused by ingestion of freshwater crab, crayfish, or shrimp infested with Paragonimus metacercariae. Here, we report a case of extrapulmonary paragonimiasis presenting as an abscess in the abdominal cavity. A 54 year old woman presneted, compaining of severe abdominal pain. Her abdominal CT showed an abdominal abscess with peripheral rim enhancement and central hypodensity core on omentum and terminal ileum. We decided to perfom a diagnostic laparoscopic exploration for acute abdominal pain. During surgery, we saw a living adult worm in the abscess pocket. We diagnosed paragonimiasis and treated with Praziquantel. This case was confirmed by biopsy and micro-ELISA test.

Limestone zone in korea have been distributed to diagonal line so that it is wide from the Gangwondo to the Jeonlanamdo. The limestone cavity and fractureed zone is formed by chemical weathering. Limestone cavity and fractured zone was reinforced by high pressure jet grouting to establish bearing capacityon the ground condition like limestone cavity. But it are defective that the essential criteria of design, construction and quality control. The injection grouting method has therefore many difficulty which it is applied in such a limestone cavity.

The purpose of this paper is to improve the method for rear cavity inspection of cut-off wall at concrete faced rock-fill dam. To do this, we suggested that using impact echo wave, analysis of embeded instruments data, and numerical method to considering the expecting crack open failure behavior. We hope that improved methods were assist maintenance of concrete cut-off wall at concrete faced rock-fill dam.

Tunnel built in the late 1970 is currently being used by maintenance. For the maintenance of the tunnel, tamping materials filled backside cavity occurred during construction. In this paper, By investigating the filling state of backside cavity, It is to evaluate the filling effects of backside cavity and the adequacy of the repair and reinforcement.