Refrigerators used in homes occupy a large portion of the power consumption. In addition, most of the power consumption of the refrigerator is used by the compressor. Therefore, it is necessary to study on the improvement of compressor efficiency to save energy. In this study, the suction system was changed to improve the efficiency of the linear compressor. For this, numerical analysis was performed by linking the 1 dimensional lumped model and the 2 dimensional axisymmetric CFD model. The numerical analysis results were also compared with the experimental results. As a result of the numerical analysis, the model with modified suction system increased EER by about 0.25% compared to the basic model, which was also confirmed by experiment.

In this study, the flow analyses were carried out on three kinds of front wing models. The down forces of front wings which influence the stability, cornering at driving were investigated with three models. At model 1, the maximum pressure shown on the main plate of front wing is 3177.539Pa. The maximum pressures at models 2 and 3 are shown to be 3429.677Pa and 3506.494Pa, respectively. The higher the pressure, the more resistance. So, the lower the pressure, the less resistance the model gets. At model 1, the maximum velocity of stream that flows under the front wing was shown to be the smallest among three models. In case of all three models, the pressure at which the air passes through the front wing is high in the upper part of the front wing. Among three models, model 1 is thought to be the most appropriate model to give the effect of the down force while reducing the flow resistance at driving. By utilizing this study result, the flow velocity and pressure are investigated without the flow experiment at driving due to the configuration of automotive front wing, and the flow resistance can be seen.

In turbopump type liquid rocket engines, ignition and starting are known to be the most unstable and risky section among all operating sections of the projectile. The operation of the liquid rocket engine is the process of ignition and combustion of the main combustor after the turbo pump is driven into a stable section due to the turbine driving of the turbo pump and the ignition and combustion of the gas generator by the pyro starter. In this process, the driving of related components directly influences each other, so each component must be operated with sufficient reliability. In particular, if the igniter does not supply sufficient ignition energy at a predetermined time, an explosion may occur due to stagnation of the fuel/oxidant mixture, so reliability is more important. In this study, the fracture analysis of the gas generator igniter rupture disk according to the shape was performed using computational analysis. As a result, comparative analysis was performed to obtain the optimal dimensions according to each variable condition.

The bead geometry according to the welding conditions was analyzed through the laser fillet welding experiment of 9% Ni steel, and the relationship between the shear strength and the five bead geometry measured by selecting the main bead geometry of the fillet weld was analyzed. Among the welding conditions, the welding conditions that directly affect the penetration depth are welding speed and laser power, and the working angle and beam position have a great influence on the formation of leg of vertical and horizontal members. The bead shape, which greatly affects the shear strength, is the horizontal member length, neck thickness, and weld length, and has a proportional relationship with the shear strength. As a result of confirming the relationship between shear strength and bead shape through the derivation of the trend line, it was confirmed that the length of the vertical member, whose R2 value was 0.92, was most closely related to the shear strength.

In order to satisfy the strengthening automobile exhaust gas regulation and CO2 regulation, the development of eco-friendly vehicles is actively progressing. To cope with these regulations, research on alternative fuel vehicles is being actively conducted. Alternative fuels are one of the best ways to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and respond to emissions and CO2 regulations. Natural gas, one of many alternative fuels, contains methane (CH4) as a main component and has abundant reserves, so it is attracting attention as a fuel that can provide stable long-term supply by replacing fossil fuels. In addition, natural gas has a high octane number, so there is room for improvement in combustion characteristics when used in SI engines, and it has the advantage of reducing harmful emissions and carbon dioxide (CO2) compared to conventional fossil fuels. When using a low-pressure injector in a turbo engine, it is difficult to secure the flow rate of fuel because the pressure difference between the injector and the manifold is small. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a high-pressure injector to improve this. Natural gas is a gaseous fuel and should be developed in consideration of compressible flow, Although the use of a CNG high-pressure injector is required, it is difficult to stabilize the flow due to the Mach disk and shock wave interference caused by compressible flow. If the flow is not stabilized, it is difficult to precisely control the flow. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an injector in consideration of flow characteristics. In this paper, the flow analysis according to the shape change of the injector was conducted to improve the fuel flow rate injected from the 800 kPa high pressure CNG injector.

We investigate the effects of Yb2O3 and calcium aluminosilicate (CAS) glass as sintering additives on the sintering behavior of AlN. The AlN specimens are sintered at temperatures between 1700oC and 1900oC for 2 h in a nitrogen atmosphere. When the Yb2O3 content is low (within 3 wt.%), an isolated shape of secondary phase is observed at the AlN grain boundary. In contrast, when 3 wt.% Yb2O3 and 1 wt.% CAS glass are added, a continuous secondary phase is formed at the AlN grain boundary. The thermal conductivity decreases when the CAS glass is added, but the sintering density does not decrease. In particular, when 10 wt.% Yb2O3 and 1 wt.% CAS glass are added to AlN, the flexural strength is the highest, at 463 MPa. These results are considered to be influenced by changes in the microstructure of the secondary phase of AlN.

본 논문의 목적은 무산 조오현(1932～2018)의 선적 사유와 그 시적 형상화의 의미를 살펴보는 데 있다. 그는 선승이며 시조시인으로, 1968 년 『시조문학』의 추천을 받아 등단하였으며, 신흥사 주지와 회주, 만해 사상실천선양회 이사장을 역임했다. 아울러 『심우도』, 『절간이야기』 등 의 시집과 『산에 사는 날에』, 『선문선답』, 『죽는 법을 모르는데 사는 법을 어찌 알랴』 등의 산문집을 남겼으며, ‘공초문학상’과 ‘정지용문학 상’ 등을 수상했다. 무산의 시세계가 지향하고 있는 특징은 선적 사유의 형상화라 할 수 있다. 그래서 그의 시에서 보여주는 구도와 깨달음의 성찰은 무념, 무상, 무욕의 탈속한 자연인의 면모를 보여준다. 아울러 그는 이러한 시 창작과정에 있어 생겨나는 갈등과 의문에 대해 선문답과 같은 물음으로 그에 대한 답이 무엇인지를 우리에게 묻기도 하고, 또한 다양한 사람들 의 삶에 대한 이야기를 통해 우리가 가야할 길이 어디인지를 제시한다. 가령, ｢아지랑이｣, ｢적멸을 위하여｣, ｢산창을 열면｣, ｢무산심우도｣, ｢무 자화 부처｣, ｢일색변, ｢무설설｣, ｢아득한 성자｣ 등에서 보여주는 역설의 언어는 그 자체가 선의 화두이면서 언어적 해체에 해당한다. 그렇다면 수행자로서 깨달음을 얻기 위한 자아성찰과 고뇌의 심경을 표출한 무산의 시 세계의 특징은 모든 분별의 경계선을 허물어가는 원 융의 사유라 할 수 있다. 다시 말해, 사량 분별에 의한 수많은 경계선 들을 해체하면서 궁극적으로 차별과 대립을 뛰어 넘은 원융의 세계를 지향하고 있는 것이다. 따라서 구도를 향한 시적 노정에 성/속, 스님/속 인, 산중의 일/ 세상일 들을 두루 담아내려는 끊임없는 시도를 보여주 는 그의 시적 세계에는 수행자로서의 치열한 구도와 깨달음, 그리고 상 호연기의 생명존중과 자비실천의 모습이 선명히 형상화되어 있다.

본 논문은 철계형상기억합금(Fe-SMA) 나선철근을 이용한 기둥의 횡구속 효과를 평가한 실험적 연구를 보고한다. 실험을 위해 사전변형 4%의 5mm × 5mm의 Fe-SMA 나선철근으로 구속된 150mm × 150mm ×300mm의 원형 실험체가 제작되었다. 실험변수는 Fe-SMA 나선철근의 피치(0mm, 80mm, 60mm, 40mm), Fe-SMA 나선철근의 활성화 유무(활성화, 비활성화)를 고려하였다. Fe-SMA 나선철근 활성화를 위해 소성로를 사용하여 목표온도 140℃까지 가열하였다. 실험체의 온도가 상온에 도달한 후 만능재료시험기를 이용하여 1축 압축실험을 실시하였다. 실험결과를 통해 Fe-SMA 나선철근을 활성화하여 능동적 횡구속압이 작용된 실험체의 최대응력과 최대응력 발현 시의 변형률은 활성화하지 않은 실험체에 비해 크게 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 나선철근 피치의 감소로 인해 능동적 구속압이 증가함에 따라 최대응력과 연성지수가 크게 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 보강 간격이 40mm인 활성화된 나선철근으로 구속된 실험체는 최대하중 도달 후 하중이 유지 및 증가하는 변형경화가 발생하는 것으로 나타났다.

In this study, structural characteristics were analyzed by combining gravity load and lateral loads such as seismic loads through static analysis of example structures, and the static characteristics of the twisted structure according to the plane rotation angle were also analyzed. Example structures were selected as regular structure, and twisted structures; 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 degree angle of rotation per story, and static analysis was performed by the load combination case 1 and case 2. As a result the story drift ratio of the twisted-shaped structure also increased as the plane rotation angle per story increased. The eccentricity according to the load combination was the highest in the lower stories of all analysis models, and the eccentricity was found to be larger as the rotation angle decreased. The twisted-shaped structure was more responsible for the bending moment of the column than the regular structure, and the vertical member axial force of all analysis models was almost similar.

In this study, a tuned mass damper(TMD) was installed to control the displacement response to earthquakes by generalizing to six analysis models according to the shape of the upper structure based on the case of various large spatial structures around the world. The six analysis models are ribbed type, latticed type, elliptical type, gable type, barrel type, and stadium type composed of 3D arch trusses. In this paper, ribbed type, latticed type and elliptical type were analyzed. The mass of each TMD was set to 1% of the total structural mass. Result of analyzing the optimal number and position of the analysis model, the displacement response control was the most excellent in the model with 6 and 8 TMDs, and the displacement response decreased in most cases. The displacement response control was better with installing the TMD at the edge point than focusing the TMD at the center of the analysis model. However, when 10 or more TMDs are installed or concentrated in the center, large loads intensively act on the structure, resulting in increased displacement. Therefore, although it is slightly different depending on the shape, it is judged that the displacement response control is the best to install 6 and 8 TMDs at the close to the edge point.

In this study, a tuned mass damper(TMD) was installed to control the displacement response to earthquakes by generalizing to six analysis models according to the shape of the upper structure based on the case of various large spatial structures around the world. The six analysis models are ribbed type, latticed type, elliptical type, gable type, barrel type, and stadium type composed of 3D arch trusses. In this paper, ribbed type, latticed type and elliptical type were analyzed. The mass of each TMD was set to 1% of the total structural mass. Result of analyzing the optimal number and position of the analysis model, the displacement response control was the most excellent in the model with 6 and 8 TMDs, and the displacement response decreased in most cases. The displacement response control was better with installing the TMD at the edge point than focusing the TMD at the center of the analysis model. However, when 10 or more TMDs are installed or concentrated in the center, large loads intensively act on the structure, resulting in increased displacement. Therefore, although it is slightly different depending on the shape, it is judged that the displacement response control is the best to install 6 and 8 TMDs at the close to the edge point.

In this study, performance experiments were performed on the shape of steel dampers that affect the rocking behavior. Three types of strut shapes of SI type, SV type and SS type were considered as experimental variables. As a result of the experiment, the capacity to resist the moment and drift ratio according to the strut shape of the steel damper was evaluated as very close. Finally, it was evaluated that the SV type steel damper has stable deformation and energy dissipation capability. As a result of the evaluation of the proposed damper transmission force, it is considered that the damper transmission force is evaluated larger than the applied horizontal force, and it is necessary to supplement it.

최근 소비자의 식생활 소비 패턴이 고품질 및 안전한 먹거리를 선호하는 추세로 바뀜에 따라 색깔, 크기 등 외 관뿐만 아니라 내부품질까지 규격화된 고품질의 농산물을 대량으로 요구하고 있으며 이러한 이유로 고품질 과일 선별을 위해 APC에서는 비파괴센서를 이용한 선별을 시행하고 있다. 그러나 비파괴 선별기술은 선별 사과의 크기 및 자세에 따라 과일과의 광원 및 센서와의 거리가 달라져 정확도 차이가 나타나므로 선별 정확도 향상을 위해서 는 사과 자세에 따른 형상 특성에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 과일 내부 품질 측정 정확도 기술 을 고도화하기 위해 CCD(Charge Couled Device) 카메라를 사용하여 투입된 과일 자세에 따른 영상 특성을 조사하 고자한다. 본 실험에서는 사전에 선별사에 육안으로 선별된 정품과 비품 과형 후지 사과를 이용하였다. 사과 크기 별(대, 중, 소)로 사과의 정품 형상과 비품 형상 영상을 CCD (mvBlueFOX, Germany) 카메라를 통해 촬영하였으며 하나의 사과 시료에서 상면 꼭지를 중심으로 좌우 0°~135°범위에서 45° 씩 회전, 상하 45° 회전하여 각 32장의 형 상 영상을 획득하였다. 획득된 사과 영상에서 사과의 윤곽선을 추출하고 사과의 장축과 단축을 픽셀 단위로 계산 하여 자세에 따른 사과의 최대, 최소 직경을 비교 분석하였다. 본 연구 결과는 CCD 영상 처리 분석을 이용하여 농 산물유통센터의 주요 취급 과실인 사과의 형상 및 크기 자동 인식을 위한 최적 영상 측정 조건을 구명하고 과일 크기 자동인식 알고리즘 개발하기 위한 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 판단된다.

High-performance vehicles with V6 or higher are designed with a dual exhaust system to satisfy both performance and quietness at the same time, and have a confluence geometry for the purpose of stably maintaining the back pressure inside the pipe. The exhaust system generates noise and vibration under the influence of the rotating engine. In particular, in a state such as idling, vibration occurs in a certain frequency range, which may affect the natural vibration of the exhaust system. Therefore, in this study, the optimal shape is proposed by comparing the ignition frequency calculated based on the vibration measurement result in the idle state and the numerical analysis result.

In this study, the structural analyses were conducted for each model by applying the loads into the design of a large commercial truck seat. Model C with three vertical frames has the smallest total deformation among all models, indicating the strongest stiffness. The maximum total deformation of model C was shown to be 0.68 times smaller than that of model A and 0.79 times smaller than that of model B. The equivalent stress of model C was also shown to be the lowest, indicating the greatest stiffness. The maximum equivalent stress of model C was shown to be 0.8 times smaller than that of model A and 0.91 times smaller than that of model B. At the upper part of the seat or the part where the force was applied, all three models were shown to have the largest total deformations and equivalent stresses. If the result of this study is applied to the design of automotive seat frame, it is thought that the durable and rigid sheets can be manufactured efficiently. By utilizing this study result, the equivalent stress and total deformation are investigated without the real experiment by shape at the seat of large commercial truck, and the durability and rigidity can be seen.

A basic metal deposition experiment for manufacturing aluminum parts was performed using WAAM (Wire arc additive manufacturing), and the cross-sectional shape of the laminate according to nine deposition conditions. The effect of heat input was analyzed for the bead shape according to the deposition conditions, and the deposition efficiency was calculated by analyzing the cross-sectional shape of thin-wall parts made of aluminum. The amount of heat input was used in the experiment from about 2.7 kJ/cm to 4.5 kJ/cm, and the closer the heat input was to 4.5kJ/cm, the higher the deposition efficiency was. The maximum lamination efficiency obtained through this study reached 76%.

『여선외사』는 청대에 창작된 백화장편소설이다. 본 논문은 이 소설이 ‘정난지변’을 소설의 주요 플롯으로 차용하면서, 전쟁을 이끄는 주체로 남성이 아닌, 당새아와 다양한 여성인물들을 전면에 내세운 점에 주목했다. 그리하여 먼저 소설 속 다양한 여성형상을 인물이 속한 세계에 따라 선계, 마계, 인간계로 나누어 특징을 분석한 후, 여성인물들의 가치와 신념이 작동하는 방식의 고찰을 통해 이러한 여성형상이 갖는 소설적 의미를 살펴보고자 한다.