“혁명현실주의와 혁명낭만주의의 양결합”은 급진적인 사회주의화를 통한 정치적 결속과 경제발전의 필요성에 처해 있던 1950년대 말의 시대적 분위기 속에서 탄생한 창작방법이다. 신민가운동과 동시에 제기된 ‘양결합’은 모든 문예종사자들이 함께 나아가야 할 방향이었으며 문학의 수준을 가늠하는 유일하고도 절대적인 기준으로 작용하였다. ‘양결합’은 무엇보다 소련의 사회주의 현실주의를 대체할 민족형식으로서의 의미도 지니고 있었다. 이것은 문학창작방법으로 일컬어졌지만, 실상은 어떤 안경을 쓰고 과거와 현재, 미래를 바라보아야 하는가에 대한 그 시대의 대안이었다. 작가로부터 평론가, 선택의 자유를 제한받는 독자들까지 현재의 필요에 따라 과거를 재평가하고, 있는 그대로의 현실을 희망으로 은폐하며, 공산주의의 환상으로 미래를 꿈꾸어야 했던 ‘양결합’의 강제 속에 놓여 있었던 것이다. 혁명현실주의와 혁명낭만주의의 결합은 기존의 동서진영간 대립구도를 소련 수정주의를 포괄하는 대립구도로 전환시키고, 사회주의 현실주의에 대한 민족형식의 우위를 통하여 黨性에 의한 미래의 이념화와 미래에 의한 현실 속의 박투를 가능하게 하는 구체적인 노선이었다.

This study aims to investigate and analyze the plan and structural system of 4 kan(間) by 4 kan(間) square church built in early 20th century. At that time, three kinds of traditional wooden structure church had been built under the circumstances of transitional era : Basilica style such as Ganghwa Anglican Church, ‘ㄱ’ shaped style such as Keumsan Church and 4×4 Square style such as Bukok Church and Jacheon Church that are concerned in this study. Traditional plans and structural system were mixed with new religious function and transformed into korean peculiar style. 4×4 Square style is a residual product in that process. Despite of it, little concerns on it till now. The results of this study are described as follows. 1. The plan of these 4×4 square churches is divided into three areas : cathedra(1×1), attendance(4×2), and intermediation(4×2). The location of cathedra is commonly the opposition part of main gate and projected out of the building. Attendance area was also divided into two, man and woman, because of keeping a distance with each other. 2. The structural system of these 4×4 square churches are somewhat different because of their size and roof style. In the case of Bukok church, 4×4 square fall off 3×3 and 2×2 gradually and turn into paljak(八作) roof, which enable us to get in traditional entering methods. On the contrary, Jacheon church use hipped roof but almost alike pyramidal roof, which could make us not to recognize entering in the aspect of gable part.

장애 청소년과 비장애청소년이 스스로 교류할 수 있는 기회가 공간적, 시간적으로 제안되고 있는 상황에 서 장애 청소년과 비장애청소년들이 자발적으로 또래관계를 만들어서 공감대를 형성하기가 어려운 실정이다. 본 연구는 장애청소년과 비장애청소년이 또래 교류가 가능 할 수 있는 요소를 분석을 통하여 기능성 게임에 적용하여 향후 장애청소년과 비장애 청소년이 또래 관계형성의 이바지 한다.

본 연구에서는 전단벽-모멘트골조 시스템으로서 전단벽이 주로 횡력을 부담하는 철근콘크리트 건물을 대상으로 다양한 설치형식과 마찰력의 총량 및 분포를 갖는 마찰형 감쇠기의 제진보강 효과를 수치해석을 통해 비교 분석하였다. 감쇠기의 설치형식으로서 전단벽에 인접한 대각가새형, 벽체가 없는 골조를 보강하는 대각가새형 및 벽체 단부를 보강하는 수직경계요소형을 고려하였다. 하중기준 강화로 설계용보다 크게 증가한 지진하중에 대해 건물의 재료비선형성을 고려한 비선형시간이력해석을 수행하여 에너지소산, 횡하중 및 부재손상도 측면에서 마찰형 감쇠기의 제진성능을 비교 분석하였다. 기준마찰력의 30% 수준의 총마찰력을 갖는 벽체보강 대각가새형 설치형식이 전반적으로 가장 우수한 제진성능을 보이며,이 경우에 마찰력 배분방식은 중요하지 않았다. 또한 일부층에 집중설치함으로써 전층설치에 약간 못미치는 제진성능을 얻을 수 있었다.

As a result of analyzing the floor plan shown in the three drafts, there were a great deal of differences in composing the space of the inner main hall. The inner room facing to the east with the arrangement crossing the inner floor at right angles in the 'Baekdangguje Draft' faces to the south in the east or west in front of the main house thereafter. This represents that it reflects the intent of the owner of the architecture emphasizing the size increase and ceremonies of the main house in the 'ㅁ shape', which has changed to the directions of easily accommodating the Confucian ceremonial activities in the floor plan of the inner house as the size of the main house was gradually increasing from 24 sections to 30 or 38 sections. The expansion in the size of main house further divided the functions of floor into one for daily life and the other for ceremonies as well. In other words, the 30 Sections in Yijeong Draft as being the first planned draft for reconstruction had a hall for memorial services in the main hall of the inner house, whereas the 'Draft with 38 Sections' as being the second planned draft for reconstruction was planning a room with a floor (two sections of Bangdang) for memorial purpose in the back of the inner main hall. The variations in the guest house (or space for men) shown in the drafts confirms the establishment of space for men as the size of the main house increases. We can see the change that a large guest house is placed over the south and in the south and east of the main house as the number of main house increases by 30 sections or 38 sections. Especially, a guest house with a wide space in a 'ㄴ shape' is arranged from the south of main house to the east wing in the Draft with 38 Sections. In addition, the backward sections are advanced in the front and back of guest house in the drafts with 30 and 38 sections, while a back floor or a back floor connecting to the back room or sleeping room or inner house is installed in the backward sections.

Colin Rowe was an important historian, theorist and critic in Modern architecture. His significance in Modern architectural history lies in not only historiography which has changed our view of Modernism but deep theoretical involvement in practice. This study is a critical review and analysis on his formalist approach in Architecture. With a view that his position of formalist has indispensible relationship with liberalism from K. Popper's critical rationalism, this study try to show how his philosophical background has an influence upon his way of seeing architecture, history, form, urbanism, and meaning, etc. And this study also try to explain why the principle of architecture as an autonomous discipline which is the main point of view in Rowe's criticism has been so successful and influential. This study also explain what is the possibility and limitation of Rowe's formalist approach and way of reading buildings. His intelligent way of formal analysis can give us new understandings of how the form generates and the process of design goes on. Furthermore it guide us a new horizon of architecture as a language game. Since his early writings showed both side of formalist approach in architecture and it didn't changed a lot. We can understand his 'Collage City' was a his final answer to his formalist way of making architecture and urbanism. we can estemate it as a utopia without utopianism and an ideology without ideological color.

The ‘凸’-shaped, the ‘呂’-shaped and the hexagonal-shaped pit houses were excavated at the Youngdong area, some location along the upper the Imjin River and Han River between the Iron age and the kingdom of Hanseong Baekje. The aim of this study is to analyze various structural system and developement of the pit house with rectangular plan. It is considered a matter in all its aspects which are plan, scale, aspect, pillar holes, carbonized wood and several traces. These pit houses removes the pillar on the inside or it reduces to secure a wider space, it pursued the chamfered corner, the change of the front, the entrance fixed. Also these adopted diverse structural systems(the chuandou structure, the structural system of columns and beams and a bearing wall). But in the course of time, the Korean wooden architecture is developed gradually the structural system of columns and beams. It is presumed the result that overcome the limit with the close space and pursue the flowing space and compose a group of organizable buildings.

비상디젤발전기는 원전의 안전성에 큰 영향을 미치는 매우 중요한 기기이다. 본 연구에서는 세 종류의 비상디젤발전기를 대상으로 가동중 진동을 계측하여 기초시스템에 따른 가동중 진동의 저감효과를 비교하였다. 대상 원전은 영광 5호기, 울진 2호기 및 울진 3호기 원전의 비상디젤발전기로 하였다. 영광 5호기와 울진 3호기의 비상디젤발전기는 동일한 종류의 비상디젤발전기로서 기초형식만 앵커볼트 고정과 스프링-댐퍼시스템을 이용한 면진으로 구분된다. 울진 2호기 비상디젤발전기는 기초부분에 seismic block을 설치하고 코일스프링을 이용하여 진동저감효과를 고려하였으므로 좋은 비교가 될 것이다. 이러한 진동계측의 목적은 기초형태에 따른 진동저감 효과를 비교해 보기 위함이다. 결과적으로 스프링-댐퍼 시스템이 진동저감과 시스템의 안정적 거동측면에서 좋은 효과를 보이고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

Signal fire was a communication system which deliver urgent news by smoke and light. It informed the condition of the border to the central government and the military base rapidly. This research was to analyze the border signal-fire which is the main facility of military protective duty for safety of sea side in chosun dynasty. The results of this research were described separately as follows. 1. The border signal-fire has three types of facility layout, The majority was one-site, near two-site, separate type. The majority was near two-site type. 2. Plan configuration of signal-fire stand which is separated with circle, oval, round-rectangular and rectangular type roughly was constructed with circle type generally. Four types of signal-fire stand was observed in southern and western sea side impartially. However, in eastern side, circle type of signal-fire stand was mainly found. Therefore, regional characteristics could be considered partially. 3. The height of signal-fire stand was about 8～10m. The diameter of combustion chamber on the signal-fire stand was 2～3m in circle type, and the dimension of rectangular type was about 1.9×1.9～3.2×3.0m. 4. Building base that protect ground moisture and infilteration of rainfall was found in 10 border singal-fire, the height of it was about 0.3m～2.5m.

본 연구에서는 기존의 고력볼트의 축부절삭 가공방법을 이용한 신형상 메카니컬패스너를 개발하였다. 개발된 신형상 메카니컬패스너를 엔드플레이트 형식의 보-기둥 접합부에 적용하여 변형능력 및 강도특성에 대한 재하실험 및 유한요소법에 의한 수치해석을 수행하였다.

  In this paper, we present a systematic approach to translating BPML (Business Process Modeling Language) into the π-Calculus. BPML is an executable business process modeling language, like BPEL4WS (Business Process Execution Language for Web Services).

Historical study of Korean traditional houses have been carried, mainly, based on the geographical region of Korean peninsula. However, the case of primitive houses can not be researched according to the geographical and racial concept of modern nations. This study aims to examine the primitive houses of ethnic minorities of northeastern China, where the cultural and racial background have been deeply rooted in the history of Korea as well as Korean traditional houses. Through the field research and literary materials, the basic types of primitive houses of the five ethnic minorities could be identified. Among these types, those that have possible relationship with Korean houses, are cone shaped house, underground house, and elevated wooden house. Archeological evidences of underground houses were amply found in Korea already, but above ground evidences could not be found. However, It seems quite certain that the cone shaped houses and elevated wooden houses, too, existed in Korea as one of the earliest housing types, as can be examined in remaining examples in Korean peninsula. With no doubt, the primitive houses of Korea have strong connection with that of the ethnic minorities of northeastern China. This can be verified through the facts that the evidences of cone shaped houses, the similarities of the use of Inner space, the evidences of elevated wooden houses. Also, the combination of wooden floor and ondol, which is known to be one of the strongest characteristic of Korean traditional houses, could be originated from the combination of primitive summer house, the elevated wooden house, and the winter house, the underground house with ondol.

The central aim of this thesis is to see if the structure of Palsangjeon(捌相殿) in Pubjoo Temple(法住寺), a five sto wooden pagoda in Chosen(朝鮮) Dynasty, was handed down from the ancient and middle ages. This study was performed through an analysis of Gilt-Bronze Pagoda built in Koryo(高麗) period. In other words, it is aimed at analyzing which lineage the structure of Palsangjeonbelongs to as a wooden pagoda. In analyzing the structure of Palsangjeon, I attempted to find out its source from the remains of Koryo period prior to the Chosen Dynasty. Examples are the Gilt-Bronze Pagoda, built during the Koryo period. I have also examined its relationship with other existing wooden pagodas and remains. The analysis of Palsangjeon, a five story wooden pagoda in Chosen Dynasty, focuses on the following: First, I explored the possibilities of whether the structure of Palsangjeon was newly invented in Chosen Dynasty, or if it had been derived from the wooden pagodas in the Koryo period. Secondly, I tried to find out if the stable vertical planes, with a great successive diminution ratio, were derived from the middle age, i.e. Koryo period. The results of the study of Palsangjeon through Gilt-Bronze Pagoda analysis are as follows: 1. The structure of Gilt-Bronze Pagoda, a wooden pagoda from the Koryo period, is roughly classified into the accumulation type, using pipe pillars, and the one story type using whole pillars. In the accumulation type, stories are connected in either a flat format or an intervening format. The Gilt-Bronze Pagoda is mainly composed of pipe pillars, with some whole pillars. However, the central pillar was omitted in the building structure. Generally, the upper and lower stories are connected by pipe pillars in a crutch format. All the pillars, whether they are pipe pillars or whole pillars, used Naiten(內轉) technology. The Eave supporter has the Haang type(下昻) and the Muhaang type(無下昻). In most cases, high balustrades are furnished, but few tables of high balustrades have been found. The slanting roof formats have been handed down from Paekche(百濟), Silla(新羅), or Koryo(高麗). However, the structure of the octagon is assumed to be derived from Koguryo(高句麗). The structure of the Gilt-Bronze Pagoda from the Koryo period is mainly composed of accumulated flat squares, with some spire types. intervening format, the structure of Palsangjeon used whole pillars in a half story format in which upper level side pillars are installed on the lower level tie beam. From the Bronze Pagoda from the Koryo period, we can assume that the half story format of wooden pagodas that has stable vertical planes with a great successive diminution ratio was created during the mid-Koryo period at the latest and had been idly developed by the time of the Chosen Dynasty. 3. The whole pillars in Palsangjeon are also found in Gilt-Bronze Pagodas from the Koryo period. Hence, all of the pillars in Palsangjeon seem to have been handed down from the ancient construction technology. They were also used in the construction of wooden pagodas from the Koryo period. Therefore, it is assumed that Palsangjeon was constructed using the construction technology of the Chosen Dynasty that had been developed from the wooden pagoda construction technology of the Koryo period. The stable vertical planes with a great successive diminution ratio in Palsangjeon are derived from ancient Korean wooden pagodas, which have developed into indigenous Korean wooden pagodas with fairly stable vertical planes and a great design, in the half story format of Koryo and Chosen Dynasty. Therefore, it is assumed that the structure of Palsangjeon has a systematic relationship with traditional Korean wooden pagodas and is one of the indigenous Korean wooden pagoda structures. 4. In China, the intervening format has been mainly used between stories in multi-story architecture since the ancient days. At the same time, the flat format as also used in ancient and middle ages. However, the flat format was replaced by whole pillars during the Ming(明) and Manchu(淸) Dynasties, in favor of simple and compact construction. The half-story format, in which upper level side pillars are installed on tie beams, has been found in some cases, but it doesn't seem to have been the primary construction technology. Few traces of the half-story format have been found in multi-story architecture in Japan, and it has not been used as a general construction format. By contrast, the half-story format, which seems to have been derived from the Koryo period, was used as a general construction format in multi-story architecture of the Chosen Dynasty. The construction technology of multi-story architecture is related to that of multi-story wooden pagodas, but they have different production technologies. It seems that the structure of Palsangjeon did not just adopt the construction technology of multi-story architecture in the Chosen Dynasty, but it was developed from wooden pagodas in the Koryo period, including the Gilt-Bronze Pagoda. 5. Since the ancient days, most Chinese and Japanese wooden pagodas have adopted an accumulation type of structure using pipe pillars, with accumulated pointed towers. On the other hand, though most Korean wooden pagodas have also adopted an accumulation type of structure from the ancientdays, one story type using whole pillars was created in the Koryo and Chosen Dynasties. The wooden pagoda structure of Palsangjeon, with stable vertical planes in a half story format, is a unique Korean construction technology, different from the construction technologies of Chinese and Japanese wooden pagodas. This thesis clearly determined the structural characteristics of Palsangjeon. However, various remains have yet to be analyzed in depth, to establish an accurate construction technology system. In the beginning of this thesis, I had difficulty in precisely interpreting the internal structure of the Gilt-Bronze Pagoda from its appearance. However, in the process of study, the more serious problem was that there are few remains or ruins of multi-story architecture in ancient and the middle ages of Korea. Therefore, it is urgent to discover various remains in the future. This thesis succeeded in determining the structural characteristics of Palsangjeon. However, it fell short of clarifying the structural lineage of the stable vertical planes, although they show indigenous Korean architectural taste, representing the unique national emotion, and the construction format of multi-story wooden pagodas in Korea. I hope this is clarified in the future research.

From the results of an examination of the transition process of the site plan divided into 5 stages based on literature and materials relating to the Sangju Confucian School as well as the construction history, we can see the general transition flow as follows. The arrangement form of Sangju Confucian School shows the structures with both the sacrificial rites function and the learning function in the early period. This shows a large general flow where the form with the learning function structure at the front and sacrificial rites function structure at the back changed to a form where the learning function structure was positioned behind the boarding facilities, after which there was a transformation which left only the learning function (the form where the learning function structure was positioned in front of the boarding facilities). The type where the learning function structure is positioned in front of the boarding facilities is hard to find in the Yeongnam area, also, there are not many examples of the 2 story Myeonglyundang (hall of confucianism teachings) throughout the country Sangju Confucian School which possess the value of rarity is appraised as being a precious material showing another area characteristic in Sangju of the Yeongnam area. Also, during the late Chosun period the scale of the Dongseojae (boarding facility) was reduced and the appearance of Yangsajae can be said to be a typical example of confucian school constructions of late Chosun era.