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        검색결과 147

        121.
        2014.09 KCI 등재 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        In this study the production of methane gas and the removal efficiency of nutrients in the anaerobic co-digestion facilitieswith food waste/food waste leachate (FWL), animal manure and food waste leachate (A-MIX), and sewage sludge andfood waste leachate (S-MIX) were investigated. The average amount of the theoretical methane production was 578.4CH4·L/kg·VSin from the anaerobic digestion facilities with FWL, 606.0CH4·L/kg·VSin from those with A-MIX and 570.0CH4·L/kg·VSin from those with S-MIX, respectively. The amount of the practical methane production was 350.7CH4·L/kg·VSin from the anaerobic digestion facilities with FWL, 379.5CH4·L/kg·VSin from those with A-MIX and 348.8CH4·L/kg·VSin from those with S-MIX, respectively. The nutrient compositions of FWL were 3.2g/100g for carbohydrates, 1.8g/100g for proteins and 1.9g/100g for lipids. The nutrient compositions of A-MIX were 0.4g/100g for carbohydrates,2.55g/100g for proteins 0.4g/100g and 0.7g/100g for lipids, respectively. The nutrient compositions of S-MIX were0.4g/100g for carbohydrates, 2.4g/100g for proteins 1.6g/100g and 0.4g/100g for lipids, respectively. The removalratio of carbohydrate was very high over 75% in all facilities and that of lipid was very low below 25%.
        122.
        2013.11 KCI 등재 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        This paper focuses on the impacts of waste dumping on inorganic nutrients in the dumping area of the Yellow Sea, and the effect of an governmental regulation of pollution in dumping areas. The environmental variables and parameters of the dumping and reference areas in the Yellow Sea were measured during July 2009 and analyzed. In addition, the analyzed data for inorganic nutrients over the last 10 years were obtained from the Korea Coast Guard (KCG) and the National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI). The chemical environment of the study area revealed increases in concentrations of inorganic nutrients, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and Volatile Suspended Solids (VSS) in the bottom layer. On the contrary, the pH level was decreased. Most notably, the time series data of inorganic nutrients showed gradual increase over time in the dumping area, and thus, the oligotrophic waters trend toward eutrophic waters. The increases appears to be due to the disposal of large amounts of organic waste . In recent times, the wastes disposed at the area were largely comprised of livestock wastewater, and food processing waste water. The liquefied waste, which contains an abundance of nutrients, causes a sharp increase in concentrations of inorganic nitrogen in the dumping area. On the one hand, the dumping sites have been deteriorated to such an extent that pollution has become a social problem. Consequentially, the government had a regulatory policy for improvement of marine environmental since 2007 in the dumping area. Hence, the quality of marine water in the dumping site has improved.
        124.
        2013.07 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        This study investigated the nutrients and anti-nutrients of produced resveratrol GM rice (Iksan-515, Iksan-526, Dongjin) that were cultivated Iksan and Suwon regions. Among the rice samples, Iksan-515 and Iksan-526 are produced resveratrol GM rice. Reveratrol is health-beneficial compound with strong antioxidant and antitumor activities. Red wine is believed to the main source of resveratrol in the human diet. Recent studies have associated resveratrol with the cardio-protective effect observed among people with moderate resveratrol consumption. Moreover, resveratrol has been possess chemoprotective activity. In present study, we determined the substantial equivalence between GM rice and seedling sort. We investigated the nutrients and anti-nutrients of produced resveratrol GM rice and analyzed nutrients including moisture, crude fat, ash, crude protein, fatty acids, amino acids and minerals. The results of this analysis showed equivalence between GM rice and non-GM rice. We determined phenolic compounds including naringenin, vallin and investigated 4 tocopherols (α-, β-, γ-, δ-tocopherol) and 4 tocotrienols (α-, β-, γ-, δ-tocotrienol). Among the all rice cultivars, they showed substancial equivalence between resveratrol GM rices and non-GM rice.
        128.
        2012.08 KCI 등재 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        The management and control of mineral nutrients is one of most important techniques to increase the productivity and the quality of Korean ginseng. The mineral nutrients are measured with different plant tissues and different growth stages of 2-year-old ginseng grown under hydroponic culture with two different temperatures. The content of N, P, Ca, and Mg were higher at low temperature in both leaves and roots than those at high temperature. However, the content of K was high in leaves at low temperature compared to that of high temperature, while it was not significantly different in roots. The uptake amounts of N and K was higher throughout the experimental period at low temperature in both leaves and roots than those at high temperature. However, the uptake amount of P was not clearly different between two different temperatures and among six different growth stages. The uptake amount of N, P, K was generally decreased in leaves from June to August, while it was increased in roots. The relationship between dry weight and mineral nutrients in leaves was appeared positive with N, K, Ca, and Mg, but negative P. In roots, N, K, Ca, and Mg were negative, showing that was positive with only P. Comparing the correlation coefficients among mineral nutrients in leaves, N and K were significantly positive correlation each other. P was significantly positive correlation with Na and Zn. In case of roots, N was highly significant positive correlation with K, Mg, and Mn, but P was negatively correlated with Ca, Cu, Na, Fe, and Zn.
        129.
        2012.06 KCI 등재 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        The management and the use of major mineral nutriments such as nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium, etc have been practiced and improved in various cultivating methods of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. The purposes of this study were to examine the content of major mineral nutrients on different ginseng aging from 1 to 6 years old, to analyze their uptake and utilization in tissues of ginseng, and to find out their proper managing techniques throughout the cultivation of ginseng. In case of the leaves, the N content was not clearly different from 1 to 6 years old, while the content of P and K was generally decreased throughout the cultivating years. In case of the roots, the content of N and K was gradually decreased from 1 to 6 years old, while the P content was increased until 3 years old, decreased at 4 years old, increased again at 5 years old, and decreased again at 6 years old. The uptake amount of N was increased in root of ginseng from 1 to 6 years old, 0.02 to 2.79kg/10a based on dry weight, respectively. Other minerals of P, K, Ca, and Mg were increased for the cultivating year. Comparing the uptake amounts of N, P, K with different cultivating year, they were the highest uptake amount at 4 years old and then were decreased. The management techniques of major mineral in cultivation of ginseng would be studied and evaluated more in order to have better ginseng production.
        130.
        2011.12 KCI 등재 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        Organic kiwifruits were smaller fruit size but had higher magnesium and dry matter content than conventional, meanwhile, fruil soluble solid content was similar to conventional. There were no significant difference in polyphenol contents and antioxidative capacity between organic and conventional although there were considerable variations among sample orchards. Several minerals were also similar levels in both systems.
        131.
        2007.08 KCI 등재 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        대량 원소의 종류 및 적정 농도의 규명은 식물의 생장뿐 아니라 유용한 2차 대사산물의 생합성량 증가를 위해 필수적이다. 참돌꽃 배양조직에서 salidroside의 생산성을 높이기 위해 기본 배지의 대량 원소의 농도를 달리하였을 때 KNO3는 98.92 mM, (NH4)2SO4는 1.01 mM, NaH2PO4·2H2O는 2.18 mM, CaCl2·2H2O는 2.04 mM, 그리고 MgSO4·7H2O는 1.01 mM 일 때, salidroside의 생산량이 가장 높았다. 또한 이와 같은 무기이온의 농도를 조합한 S4B5배지에서 기본배지인 2XB5배지에 비해 2.5배 salidroside 함량 증가를 확인할 수 있었다.
        132.
        2004.07 KCI 등재 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        This study was conducted to remove organics and nutrients using 2 stage intermittent aeration reactor. First reactor, using suspended microbial growth in intermittent aeration instead of anaerobic reactor in the typical BNR process, used minimum carbon source to release P, and it was possible to reduce ammonia loading going to second reactor. In the second reactor, using moving media intermittent aeration, it was effective to reduce nitrate in non-aeration time by attached microorganisms having long retention time. In aeration time, nitrification and P uptake were taken place simultaneously. From the experiment, two major results were as follows. First, the removal of organics was more than 90%, and optimum aeration/non-aeration time ratio for organic removal was corresponded with aeration/non-aeration time ratio for nitrogen removal. Second, in the first reactor, optimum aeration/non-aeration time ratio was 15/75 (min.) because it was necessary to maintain 75 min. of non-aeration time to suppress of impediment of return nitrate and to lead release of phosphate. In the second reactor, optimum aeration/non-aeration time ratio was 45/90 (min.).
        133.
        2003.12 KCI 등재 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        벼 내염성 품종육성의 기초자료를 얻기 위하여, 자포니카와 통일형 품종간에 염처리에 따른 초장, 건물중 및 무기성분 흡수의 경시적 변화를 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 수경액에 NaCl을 첨가하여 시용한 결과 N과 P2O5 은 흡수저해는 적었으나, 다른 무기염류의 흡수억제는 K2O>MgO>CaO>Tolal-N>P2O5 >> SiO2 순으로 컷으며, SiO2 는 염수조건 에서도 흡수에 큰 영향이 없었다. 2. Na2O함량은 염처리 초기에는 함유량은 적지만 무처리 대비 흡수율이 급증하여 처리 10일에는 10배. 20일에는 16배 그리고 처리30일에는 20배 정도로 증가하고 자포니카 품종보다는 통일형 품종에서 흡수율이 높았다. 3. 염수처리에 따른 건물중 감소율은 자포니카 품종들이 통일형 품종들 보다 적었고, 자포니카 품종에서는 섬진벼>신선찰벼>낙동벼>대청벼>동진벼>추청벼 순으로, 통일형 품종에서는 밀양30호>가야벼>장성벼>칠성벼>태백벼 순이었다. 4. 염처리에 의한 품종간 K/Na 비와 건물중 감소율과는 부의 상관을 보였다.
        135.
        2003.07 KCI 등재 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        The three-dimensional eco-hydrodynamic model was applied to estimate the physical process in terms of nutrients and net uptake(or regeneration) rate of nutrients in Kamak Bay for scenario analysis to find proper management plan. The estimation results of the physical process in terms of nutrients showed that transportation of nutrients is dominant in surface level while accumulation of nutrients is dominant in bottom level. In the case of dissolved inorganic nitrogen, the results showed that the net uptake rate was 0~60 mg/m2/day in surface level(0~3m), and the net regeneration rate was 0.0~10.0 mg/m2/day in middle level(3~6m) and above 10 mg/m2/day in bottom level(6m~below). In the case of dissolved inorganic phosphorus, the net uptake rate was 0.0~3.0 mg/m2/day in surface level, and the net regeneration rate was 0.5~1.5 mg/m2/day in middle level and 1.0~3.0 mg/m2/day in bottom level. These results indicates that net uptake and transport of nutrients are occurred predominantly at the surface level and the net generation and accumulation are dominant at bottom level. Therefore, it is important to consider the re-supplement of nutrients due to regeneration of bottom water.
        136.
        2002.12 KCI 등재 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        A significant fraction of nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus released from sediment are utilized by primary production in the shallow water of coast and lake. The purpose of this study is to introduce the mechanism of nutrients release from sediment and to introduce the methods of the measurement of nutrient released from sediment. One approach is to calculate nutrients released from sediment by a concentration gradient between sediment pore waters and overlying water based on the Fick's law. The other approaches of measurement are the undisturbed sediment core experiments and measurement of nutrient released from sediment by the in situ chamber equipment.
        137.
        2002.06 KCI 등재 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        This study was to evaluate the impact of river runoff and salt intrusion by tide on nutrient balance of estuary during a complete tidal cycle. 24 hours time series survey was carried out during a spring tide July 2001 on a tidal estuary in the Keum river. Three stations(A,B,C) were set along a transect line of about 10km, which linked the lower part of estuary dyke to the subtidal zone. Surface water was sampled simultaneously at each station every hours for the determination of nutrients. Water temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen were measured in situ. Riverine input of silicate and nitrate during ebb tide significantly increased the concentration of all stations. Conversely, during high tide, nutrient concentration were lowered by the mixing of fresh water with sea water. Ammonium nitrogen concentration were higher at intertidal zone(Stn.B) due to sewage inflow to Kyeongpo stream and ammonium release under anaerobic conditions. Also, these results was discussed as a biological component that influences the processes of nutrient regeneration within the estuary. Best correlations were found at lower part of estuary dyke(Stn.A) for salinity against DIN(Y=0.121 Sal.+4.97, r2=0.956) and silicate(Y=0.040 Sal.+2.62, r2=0.785). But no significant correlation was found between salinity and ammonium. Unbalanced elemental ratio(N/P, Si/N and Si/P) depended significantly on the import of nutrients (silicate & nitrate nitrogen) from river and stream. The effect of the tidal cycle and river runoff is important that in determining the extend of the variations in nutrient concentrations at all station.
        138.
        2001.02 KCI 등재 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        HRP(high rate pond) which had kept the manufactured clay of 3㎝-thickness as benthic clay in reactor and the 6 flat-blade turbine as impeller for agitation was named HRASP(high rate algae stabilization pond). And the experiment for treatment of artificial synthesis wastewater containing COD : 300㎎/ℓ. , NH3-N : 30㎎/ℓ, T-P : 9㎎/ℓ. as nutrients was been performed successfully. This reactor was been operated under conditions : 24 hrs.-irradiation and water temperature, 25℃ and pH 7 and agitation velocity, 15, 30, 45rpm and the effect of agitation velocity on algal bioaccumulation of nutrients was been studied with view point of fluid dynamics. The next followings could be obtained as results. 1. The agitation with a turbine impeller blade in HRASP makes clay particle indicate superior suspension effect by means of forming of excellent curl/shear flow in reactor. 2. The excessive suspension of clay particle which is created at 45rpm as rotation velocity of impeller blade of turbine disturbs the light penetration and algal photosynthesis reaction. 3. Efficiencies for removal of nutrients come out as COD : 93.9%∼94.3%, (NH3-N + NO3-N) : 81.9%-99.0%, T-P : 46.8%-53.6%. 4. Kuo values of K1 for algal growth come out seperately as 15rpm : 1.876×10-2, 30rpm : 4.618×10-3. 5. Kuo values of K2 for removal of N, P come out seperately as 15rpm : 8.403×10-1 and 1.397×10-1, 30rpm : 4.823×10-1 and 2.052×10-1. 6. It can be guessed easily that the excessive agitation can inhibit the algal and bacterial symbiotic reaction if it is considered that micro organism' sense to preservation of life is relied on natural function of metabolism. Therefore the studies for this matter should be followed continuously.
        139.
        1998.08 KCI 등재 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        The purpose of the present study is to estimate the release of dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphorous from sediments of Deukryang Bay. One method used in this study is to calculate nutrients released from a concentration gradient between sediment porewaters and the overlying water based on the Fick`s law, and the other method is to measure nutrients released from the sediment-core experiments. The calculated and measured ammonium released from the sediments were 8.93㎍-atN/㎡·hr and 60.4㎍-atN/㎡·hr, respectively in July. 8.57㎍- atN/㎡·hr and 32.9㎍-atN/㎡·hr, respectively in October. The ammonium was released more highly in July than in October, and the measured ammonium flux was higher than the calculated one. The calculated nitrate plus nitrite released from the sediments were 0.31㎍-atN/㎡·hr in July and 0.84㎍-atN/㎡·hr in October. The measured nitrate plus nitrite released from the sediments was 282㎍-atN/㎡·hr in October. The calcuated was lower than the measured because the content of the nutrients in the sediments was always much more than in the overlying waters, and it has shown a differently seasonal pattern compared to the ammonium flux. The calculated phosphorous released from the sediments were 0.97㎍-atN/㎡·hr and measured negative fluxed -6.50 ㎍-atN/㎡·hr in July, and calculated 0.18 ㎍-atN/㎡·hr and measured 24.6 ㎍-atN/㎡·hr, respectively in October.
        140.
        1997.12 KCI 등재 서비스 종료(열람 제한)
        To investigate characteristics of biogeochemical environment of the Korea Deep Ocean Study(KODOS) area in the northeast Pacific Ocean, we preferentially measured inorganic nutrients and fluorescent organic matters. Typically, the permanent thermocline was well developed at the depth of 200∼1000m in the study area. Nitrate, phosphate and silicate were low in the surface mixed layer and increased with depth. N/P and N/Si showed 15 and 0.2 respectively in the deeper layer. Two fluorophores, biomacromolecule(protein-like) and geomacromolecule (humic-like), were observed by three dimensional fluorescence excitation/emission spectra matrix. Biomacromolecule(maximum fluorescence at Ex_280nm/Em_330nm) ranged from 41.9 to 147.0 TU with its maximum in the surface mixed layer and minimum in deeper water. This is a same trend that has been reported for DOC in the equatorial Pacific. This suggests that biomacromolecule might be labile and converted to refractory humic substance after bacterial degradation in the deeper layer. On the contrary, geomacromolecule(maximum fluorescence at Ex_330nm/Em_430), ranged from 7.6 to 46.5 QSU, showed minimum in the surface mixed layer(euphotic zone) implying photodegradation and then increased with depth at all stations. In the characteristics of vertical profiles, the relationship between biomacromolecule and geomacromolecule showed negative correlation. Such trend can be attributed to biochemical regeneration or formation of fluorescent materials accompanying oxidation and remineralization of settling organic matter.
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