Considering the difficulties of the manufacturing industry by improving production efficiency in the era of high wages and aging in domestic automation facilities, automation facilities are considered an irreversible trend, but many serious related disasters are occurring due to the problems of increasing automation facilities due to the enlargement of manufacturing processes, line-up, and automation. The purpose of this study is to review the usage conditions and safety measures for industrial robots that are experiencing serious industrial accidents and are expected to continue to increase in facilities among automation facilities at the automation industrial site and propose ways to ensure the fundamental safety of the facilities at all times The suggestions are as follows. The purpose is to prevent safety accidents in advance by applying safety door aids to industrial sites and installing additional safety devices in safety slide door lock systems applied to safety fence doors of new and already installed facilities to detach safety keys and ensure that workers carry them at all times.

In this study, we analyzed how the revenue water ratio(RWR) is affected by changes in conditions of the water supply area, such as the ratio of aging pipes, maintenance conditions, and revenue water. As a result of analyzing the impact of pipe aging and maintenance conditions on the RWR, it was confirmed that the RWR could be decreased if the pipe replacement project to improve the aging pipe ratio was not carried out and proper maintenance costs were not secured. It was also confirmed that an increase in the revenue water could be operated to facilitate the achievement of the project’s target RWR. In contrast, a decrease in the revenue water due to a population reduction could affect the failure of the target RWR. In addition to analyzing the causes of variation in the RWR, the calculation of estimated project costs was considered by using leakage reduction instead of RWR from recent RWR improvement project cost data. From this analysis, it was reviewed whether the project costs planned to achieve the target RWR of the RWR improvement project in A city were appropriate. In conclusion, the RWR could be affected by variations in the ratio of aging pipes, maintenance conditions, and revenue water, and it was reasonable to consider not only the construction input but also the input related to RWR improvement, such as leakage reduction, when calculating the project cost.

In this study, project information of government-funded research institute in the food field was collected and analyzed to systematically identify the factors affecting the process of transferring technological achievements of public research institute to the private sector. This study hypothesized that human resources, financial resources, and technological characteristics as input factors of R&D projects affect output factors, such as research papers or patents produced by R&D projects. Moreover, these outputs would serve as drivers of the technology transfer as one of the R&D outcomes. Linear Regression Analysis and Poisson Regression Analysis were conducted to empirically and sequentially investigate the relationship between input factors and output and outcome of R&D projects and the results are as follows: First, the principle investigator's career and participating researcher's size as human resource factors have an influence on both the number of SCI (science citation index) papers and patent registration. Second, the research duration and research expenses for the current year have an influence on the number of SCI papers and patent registrations, which are the main outputs of R&D projects. Third, the technology life cycle affects the number of SCI papers and patent registrations. Lastly, the higher the number of SCI papers and patent registrations, the more it affected the number of technology transfers and the amount of technology transfer contract.

우리나라에서의 현행 토지이용 관련 규제는 관련 특별법령들의 체계적 측면에 서의 복잡성으로 인하여 국토이용계획과 도시계획이 개발사업에 있어서의 기 본이 되지 못한다는 지적이 있다. 따라서 하나의 도시계획법전 내에서 토지이 용계획을 종합적으로 규율하고 있는 프랑스에서의 해결방안은 이러한 우리나 라에서의 문제점을 해결하기 위한 방안의 모색에 있어서 시사하는 바가 적지 않다고 할 것이다. 한편, 우리나라에서는 개발사업의 주체가 누구인지에 따라 민간개발사업과 공 공개발사업으로 영역을 나누기도 한다. 현재 프랑스에서의 도시개발 및 택지 개발 사업들은 공공이 주도하고 민간이 협력하는 방안의 하나로서 협의정비구 역 제도가 주로 활용되고 있으나, 프랑스에서도 토지의 소유자들이 조합을 결 성하여 해당 토지를 개발하는 경우를 우리 식의 민간개발사업으로 비유할 수 는 있을 것이다. 본고에서는 우리나라에서의 도시개발사업에서의 문제점에 대한 해결방안의 모색에 있어서의 시사점을 발견하기 위하여 프랑스법에서의 도시개발사업과 관련한 법적 규율의 체계에 대해 소개하였으며, 도시개발사업의 절차적 측면 과 관련하여, 프랑스에서는 택지개발 및 도시개발과 관련하여 ‘지역도시계획 (P.L.U.)’을 중심으로 사업을 시행하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 반면, 우리나 라에서의 도시관리계획제도는 지구단위계획, 도시계획시설계획, 개발사업계획 등에 대해 개별계획을 수립하도록 하고 있으나, 이들 계획 상호간의 상관관계 를 제시하지 않고 있어서 계획 상호간의 충돌현상이 발생한다는 문제점이 발 견된다. 따라서 프랑스에서의 지역도시계획(P.L.U.)은 종합적 도시계획의 제도 적 틀을 제시하고 있다는 점에서 의의가 있으며, 우리 법에의 시사점이 있다. 그리고 도시개발사업의 구체적 수행방식의 측면과 관련하여, 프랑스에서는 대 부분의 택지개발과 도시개발 사업의 수행에 있어서의 그 구체적인 사업수행 방식으로서 ‘협의정비구역(Z.A.C.)’제도에 의하고 있다는 점이 주목할 만하다. 특히, 프랑스의 협의정비구역 제도는 계획의 수립 초기단계부터 공청회, 면담, 계획도면전시, 세부계획서의 열람 등을 통하여 주민과 이해관계인 및 사업 관 련 전문가들의 의견수렴을 제도적으로 보장하고 있다는 점에서 우리 법에의 시사점이 있다. 아울러, 프랑스에서의 협의정비구역제도는 사업수행에 있어서 공공이 주도하기는 하나 사업의 수행에 있어서 민간이 직접 참여할 수 있다는 점에서 사업수행의 주체가 누구인지는 중요하지 않다는 점도 주목할 만하다. 요컨대, 민관이 협력하여 택지개발 및 도시개발 사업을 수행하고 이해당사자 들의 의견수렴절차가 보장된다는 점은 장점으로서 우리나라에서의 택지개발 사업수행 절차에 있어서도 시사하는 바가 있다는 것이다.

PURPOSES : This study aims to analyze the impact of demand risk on two public-private partnership (PPP) projects, namely BTO and BTO-a. The main aspects covered in this study are: i) identification of key risk issues considering the structure of PPP projects, and ii) game theory-oriented scenario building and simulation of demand risk allocation from participants’ perspectives. METHODS : Using the institutional analysis and development (hereafter IAD) framework, a hypothetical structure is formulated to examine the interactions of demand risk. It develops a series of demand risk allocation models for PPP projects (i.e., BTO and BTO-a). The risk structures from the IAD step are the demand risk allocation issues. Using game theory-oriented simulation, this study evaluates demand risk based on scenario building. RESULTS : First, this study highlights the imbalanced rate problems of returns between the BTO and BTO-a projects proposed by the market. This may lead to improvement measures geared towards problematic methods for determining the rate of return among domestic PPP projects. Second, compared with the BTO type, this study expects that the BTO-a type may exhibit more effectiveness, which can increase the probability of project success in both the public and private sectors. Third, judging from game-theory-oriented approaches, this study confirms the function of the BTO-a as a method to adjust moral hazard in the private sector. CONCLUSIONS : Government management standards for BTO-a projects were derived based on the simulation results. It is necessary to select an appropriate project method based on rationality by balancing the IRR for each project method. Legal regulations should be applied separately to each part of the government guarantee. In addition, this study emphasizes that the introduction of ex-post value-for-money (VFM) analysis is essential for the efficient management of government expenses.

DEA(data envelopment analysis) is a technique for evaluation of relative efficiency of decision making units (DMUs) that have multiple input and output. A DEA model measures the efficiency of a DMU by the relative position of the DMU’s input and output in the production possibility set defined by the input and output of the DMUs being compared. In this paper, we proposed several DEA models measuring the multi-period efficiency of a DMU. First, we defined the input and output data that make a production possibility set as the spanning set. We proposed several spanning sets containing input and output of entire periods for measuring the multi-period efficiency of a DMU. We defined the production possibility sets with the proposed spanning sets and gave DEA models under the production possibility sets. Some models measure the efficiency score of each period of a DMU and others measure the integrated efficiency score of the DMU over the entire period. For the test, we applied the models to the sample data set from a long term university student training project. The results show that the suggested models may have the better discrimination power than CCR based results while the ranking of DMUs is not different.

이 연구의 목적은 공공기관이 스마트시티 사업을 수행함에 있어 어느 정도의 수준과 역량을 보유하고 있는지 판단하기 위한 수준진단 프레임워크를 수립하는 것이다. 이러한 연구목적 달성을 위해 기존의 지자체 GIS수준평가 방법과 국토부의 스마트시 티 인증체계 기준, 미래사회의 변화 모습 등 다양한 요소를 검토하여 최종적으로는 스마트시티 인프라역량, 기술 및 데이터 보유역 량, 연계통합역량, 미래의 스마트시티 정책수용역량 등 4개의 분야의 총 50개 세부 항목을 도출하고, 이를 계량화시킬 수 있는 틀을 마련하였다. 이 프레임워크를 공공기관 A, B, C에 적용한 결과를 상호비교하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 스마트시티 사업수행 수준진단 틀은 각 기관에서 시간이 흐른 후에 역량 변화에 활용될 수도 있고, 각 기관의 특성에 맞게 일부 세부항목을 변경하여 활용될 수 있을 것이며, 각 기관이 스마트시티 분야의 활동계획과 전략을 수립하기 위해, SWOT 분석 대신 활용할 수 있을 것이다

최근 국가연구개발의 집행예산은 증가 추세에 있고, 이에 따라 국가연구개발 사업의 양적 성과 또한 증가하고 있으나, 질적 성과의 증가세는 양적 성과 대비 취약한 것으로 나타나고 있다. 특허등급 및 기술이전효율성이 낮은 기술 등 질적 성과 부진의 원인으로 ‘건 수’ 위주의 성과평가에 대한 개선 필요성이 제기되고 있으며, 이에 대한 대응으로 다양한 ‘질적 성과지표’를 이용한 성과평가가 도입되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 여러 질적 성과지표 중 주요국 (미국, 유럽, 일본) 특허청에 모두 출원하여 특허의 해외경쟁력을 측정할 수 있는 ‘삼극특허’ 창출 과제를 대상으로 연구개발사업의 질적성과 평가를 위한 성과지표로서 삼극특허에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하였다. 분석결과, R&D규모 요인 및 과제특성 요인 중 일부는 삼극특허 창출에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 성과분석 측면에서 선행 연구가 상대적으로 미진한 삼극특허를 관심대상으로 확장하고, 삼극특허 창출의 영향요인을 선형회귀분석(OLS)을 통해 살펴본 초기연구라는 점에서 의의가 있다.

This study aimed to develop a questionnaire that is suitable for the resident-participatory ODA evaluation to minimize the bias and insufficient scientific rigor in the self-made questionnaire developed by evaluators. A modified Delphi survey was conducted twice with 16 ODA experts who had experience in international cooperative development in the fields of rural development, education, health, and poverty. Sixty-two questions were finally selected for resident-participatory ODA evaluation: 7 questions on relevance, 8 questions on efficiency, 9 questions on effectiveness, 11 questions on impact, questions on for sustainability, 4 questions on gender mainstreaming and environmental impact, and 17 questions on spillover effect on the community. A resident survey with the newly developed questionnaire will generate high-quality data that can empirically analyze the causal-effect relationship between ODA activities and performance, and community changes, and it can also contribute to the development of a quantitative ODA evaluation tool at a local level of recipient countries.

Military aircraft R&D projects require large-scale investment in cost and time, and involve a complex coordination process in decision-making. The R&D project manager should determine the development management priorities as accurately as possible and focus on R&D capabilities, thereby reducing the risks of the aircraft R&D project. To this end, this study aims to reduce R&D risk by prioritizing cost, schedule, and performance, which are basic management factors used in R&D project management in defense project management regulations. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is applied using a questionnaire for managers in charge of aviation R&D under the Defense Acquisition Program Administration. As a primary result, the importance of the factors that the aircraft R&D project manager should consider was derived in the order of performance, cost, and schedule, and the priorities of performance and cost in the lower layer were also identified. In addition, in order to provide practical risk management measures to aircraft R&D project managers, the results of analyzing 28 cases of US National Transportation Safety Board accidents were compared and analyzed with the AHP analysis results, and management measures suitable for the situation were specified.

본 연구는 SDGs 지표 등 성과관리를 위해 활용되고 있는 지표 중 농촌개발 분야에 적용 가능한 지표를 선정, 초선 조사(baseline) 자료로 활용할 것을 권고함. 1. 성과관리의 목적은 사업 형성을 위한 초기조사부터 사업 후 지속적인 관리를 통해 대상국에 의해 운영되어 지속가능성을 높이고자 하는 것으로 향후 도전과제 임. 2. 농업 분야의 개발협력 사업의 성패를 판단하는 근거는 사업 후 지속적인 운영 여부라 할 수 있으며, 국제사회가 채택한 SDGs를 토대로 발굴 및 기획 단계에서부터 사후평가의 전 과정에서 SDGs 지표를 활용하는 성과관리 방안을 도입하여 지속가능성을 강화하고 효과성을 제고할 필요가 있음.

Scientific and technological performances (e.g., patents and publications) made through R&D play a pivotal role for national economic growth. National governments encourage academia-industry cooperation and thereby pursue continuous development of science technology and innovation. Increasing R&D-related investments and manpower are crucial for national industrial development, but evidence of poor performance in business performance, efficiency, and effectiveness has recently been found in Korea. This study evaluates performance efficiency of the 6T sector (Information Technology, Bio Technology, Nano Technology, Space Technology, Environment Technology, Culture Technology), which is considered a high-potential promising industry for the next generation growth and currently occupies two thirds of the national R&D projects. The study measures the relative efficiency of R&D in a comparative perspective by employing the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. The result reveals overall low efficiency in basic R&D (0.2112), applied R&D (0.2083), development R&D (0.2638), and others (0.0641), confirming that economic performance and efficiency were relatively poor compared to production efficiency. Efficient R&D needs policy makers to create strategies that can increase overall efficiency by improving productivity performance and quality while increasing economic performance.