본 연구는 해양시설의 HNS 배출허용기준 체계에 적용 가능한 사회적 영향인자 평가방법 및 절차를 도출하는데 목적이 있다. 인천광역시 소재 해양시설 71개소로 대상으로 기업규모에 따라 대기업, 중견기업, 중소기업, 소기업으로 구분하였고, 신규 기술도입비용 은 5년간 분산하여 적용하는 경우로 추산하였다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 산업분야 항목에서는 경영상부담정도를 나타내는 지표 중 매출액감소 1점, 영업이익률감소 평균 3.5점, 도산가능성 2.7점으로 평가되어, 평균 2.7점으로 ‘영향있다’로 평가되었다. 둘째, 지역경제 항목의 평가지표 중 주민보건비지출부담 4점, 관광수입손실액 4점, 어업생산량감소 2점 등 전체 평균 3.3점으로 ‘영향크다’로 평가되었 다. 평가결과 산업적인 면에서는 소기업, 중기업, 대기업 간에 미치는 영향편차가 큰데, 대기업은 영향이 거의 없었고, 소기업은 영향을 크게 받는 것으로 나타났다. 지역경제면에서는 주민보건비지출부담, 관광수입감소, 어업생산량감소 등이 지역경제에 미치는 영향은 두가 지로 구분하여 볼 수 있는데, 지역전체 GRDP에 미치는 영향은 매우적지만, 해당 종사자나 주민 개인에 미치는 영향은 영향이 큰 것으로 나타났다.

In Korea, odor emission control is carried out at the boundary between the discharge port and the site based on the height of the discharge port, but in Japan and the U.K. a range of characteristics are considered in odor management, including the height, size, and amount of exhaust gas, when managing the acceptance criteria of the discharge port that conforms to the odor concentration standards based on the site boundary. In this study, the permitted concentration of odor in the outlet was studied considering the design conditions of the outlet, in order to manage it based on the distance between the outlet and the residential area. To improve the effectiveness of odor management, Korean odor management measures were reviewed by applying the methods used to calculate odor concentration in Japan and the U.K. Guidelines on effective odor reduction were provided by calculating the permissible odor concentration for each condition based on the flow rate and height of the final outlet to comply with the permissible concentration at regular intervals at the outlet of the factory.

This paper presents the results of a human health effect for H2S emission standard of incinerators in Seoul, Korea. The four selected incinerators of Gangnam, Mapo, Nowon and Yangcheon were chosen as the domains of study. Air dispersion modelling (AERMOD) was used to predict the ground level concentration within 3 km distance of the emission source. The emissions at the incinerators studied ranged from 0.0721 (Yangcheon) to 0.3007 g/s (Gangnam). These values were about three orders of magnitude smaller than that of Canadian geothermal power plants. Based on the health risk assessment, different health risks were identified for short-term and long-term dispersion of the studied areas. The short-term hazard quotient (HQ) for H2S of Gangnam and Nowon incinerators were greater than the acceptable limit (i.e., 1.0) in some locations. However the long-term HQ for H2S of all incinerators were lower than the acceptable limit.

PURPOSES : This study aimed to offer a greenhouse gases table to assist a road designer in calculating the greenhouse gases for a road environment when making a decision about an alternative road. METHODS: This study developed an operation mode table of greenhouse gases using the MOVES program. Similar factors for Korean vehicles and fuels are reflected in the MOVES program, which was made in the USA. Finally, a paired t-test was conducted to calculate the site data and MOVES data. Through these studies, a methodology was suggested for calculating carbon emissions based on various types of roads alignments. RESULTS : The site results for a passenger truck on the road were statistically significant when the vehicle speed was above 65 km/h. However, a future study will consider factors for various road alignments and vehicles. CONCLUSIONS : This study will contribute to the theoretical basis for reducing carbon emissions from roads by helping road designers make decisions about road alternatives in terms of the road environment.

This study aims to evaluate the relationship between concentration and odor intensity using the odor sensory method for 4 types of fatty acid compounds and i-butyl alcohol. For the measurement, 18 panelists were selected based on several criteria through a panel test. Panelists chosen for their closely similar sensitivities provided more reproducible values. The estimation showed that the correlation of the concentration with odor intensity for the 5 compounds, including the fatty acid compounds and i-butyl alcohol can be reasonably expressed by the Weber-Fechner equation. Notably the standards regulation fatty acid concentrations are very strict, and the butyl acetate standards are very loose. It is suggested than the results of this study can be used as basic data for research on measures to improve the regulation standards on complex odor concentrations on site boundaries in operation, as well as the correlation between concentration and odor intensity for the designated foul odor substances, and their characteristics.

Most small laundry factory has been operated without not only environmental expertise but also technical process. The objective of this study is to get the optimal coagulation dosage for satisfaction of discharge permission standard of laundry wastewater treatment plant(WTP) effluents by jar test.The coagulants are alum and sodium hydroxide(NaOH), coagulants aids is polymer. Also, the best coagulation reaction was shown in the following conditions ; Alum 4.13g/L, NaOH 1.03g/L, Polymer 0.27g/L on average. The optimal coagulation dosage could be reduced costs to 4.43 million won a year. It was considered that operating a small WTP was an important technical data in same industry.

Even though offensive odor control law was enforced in 2005, the civil appeal of odor doesn’t decrease all parts of the country. On Effluent Quality Standard site, the reason why the civil appeal is filed could be the restriction which is regulated by odor concentration(dilution threshold) without considering odor emission. When regulating odor concentration only, the different scenarios were considered and analyzed for diffuse form through odor concentration, stack height and flow rate using AERSCREEN. Oder compounds from the analyzed scenarios were fluctuated by not only odor concentration but flow rate. Therefore, flow rate regulation introduction is necessary because odor concentration regulation of Effluent Quality Standard doesn’t make the civil appeal reduce. Now, Odor Effluent Quality Standard is managed by Effluent Quality Standard like air pollutants in Korea. It means, the concept conversion of Receptor-centric is need for preventing civil appeal and complaint of odor. For the odor management of receptor-centric, workplace emission is regulated in accordance with odor concentration at receptor. but it’s hard to regulate all of workplace respectively because all workplace condition is different each other In Japan, odor diffusion modeling for calculating the causal relationship between receptor and emission is used for the method to figure out the problem. By expanding odor automatic monitoring network that some of local governments have, odor emission management and continues receptor current status analysis are needed to combine and operate for resolving odor problem.

The correlations among odor intensity, offensive substance concentration, and dilution factor were reviewed for the 12 designated offensive odor substances in this study. It is to propose new regulatory odor standards based on relationships between odor intensity and offensive substance concentration, as well as odor intensity and dilution factor at the site boundary which were obtained from the comprehensive reviews of the adequacy of current regulation standards. Changes in intensity were found to be necessary to reflect exponential changes in concentrations and dilution factors. The change of substance concentrations with respect to the dilution factor was found to be a relatively linear relationship. The thorough evaluations pf relationships among odor intensity, offensive substance concentration, and dilution factor led to the conclusion that the current regulatory standards were inadequate and the modification was necessary to reflect the new understandings. The new regulatory substance standards based on correlations with odor intensity for the 12 compounds were proposed. The proposed ammonia concentrations for the regulatory standard in the semi-industrial and industrial area were 15 ppm and 28 ppm, respectively. These are approximately 15 times higher than those of the current standards. For dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide, and isovaleraldehyde, the higher concentrations than those of current standards were also pro posed. The proposed regulatory standards of dilution factor in semi-industrial and industrial area were 25 and 50, respectively. It is found that proposed quantitative relationships among the odor intensity, the offensive substance concentration, and the dilution factor in this study turned out to be more adequate to Korean than the current ones.

1996년부터 환경부에서 시행된 전국폐기물통계조사는 매 5년을 주기로 조사를 실시하며 폐기물의 종류별 발생 및 처리현황 파악 및 폐기물 발생원에 따른 발생원단위를 산정한다. 사업장 폐기물의 경우 올바로 시스템에 매년 실적보고를 하며 전국폐기물통계조사는 실적보고 자료와 별도의 추가 설문조사를 통해 사업장의 경제데이터를 확보한다. 제 5차 전국폐기물통계조사에서는 객관성 높은 통계 자료를 얻기 위해 모든 폐기물에 동일한 방법론을 적용했던 기존의 조사･분석 방법에서 사업장에 특성에 따른 조사를 실시하였고 SAS프로그램을 이용한 무응답 조정 가중치 산출, 캘리브레이션 가중치 산출, 변동계수 산출 등 통계적 기법을 추가하였다. 사업장 일반폐기물은 대기, 수질, 소음진동 등에서 규정하는 사업장에서 배출되는 배출시설계 폐기물과 배출시설계 외 1일 300 kg이상 배출하는 사업장 생활계폐기물(공사 및 작업관련 폐기물 5톤이상 포함)로 규정하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 배출시설계 폐기물과 사업장생활계폐기물이 포함된 사업장 일반폐기물 간의 발생원단위를 비교하였다. 향후 조사에서는 환경영향평가 등에 활용 가능하도록 배출시설계 폐기물의 경우 사업체 규모에 따라 나누어 발생원단위 산정을 하는 것이 필요하다고 사료된다. 또한 현재 경제데이터 조사방식인 임의조사의 한계를 보완하기 위해 추가 표본조사 실시를 권장하며, 장기적으로는 법 개정을 통해 올바로시스템 전수조사 방법을 제안한다.

고정층 반응기에 산소를 산화제로 공급하는 고온 영역의 가스화 반응은 공기를 이용하는 가스화와는 달리 합성가스 중 질소가 존재하지 않기 때문에 70% 이상의 고농도 합성가스를 생산할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 해외에서의 순산소 가스화 시스템의 운전 사례에서 합성가스의 조성과 가스상, 입자상 오염물질의 배출량을 확인하여 국내에서의 적용 가능성을 검토하였다. 독일의 THERMOSELECT社에서 이탈리아의 폰도토체(Fondotoce)에 설치한 100 톤/일급 가스화시스템의 사례를 검토하였으며 국내에서의 배출허용 기준과 비교하였다. 가스화 시스템에서 생산되는 합성가스의 조성과 가스상, 입자상 오염물질 뿐만 아니라 폐수, 슬래그, 비산재의 분석결과에 대한 분석을 수행하였다.

유기용제는 어떤 물질을 녹일 수 있는 액체상태의 유기화학물질을 총칭한 것으로 기름 및 지방 등을 잘 녹이고 휘발성이 강한 것이 특징이다. 사업장에서는 도료의 제조배합, 금속제품의 세척, 인쇄, 필요물질의 추출, 드라이 크리닝 등 널리 사용하고 있는데 사용목적에 따라서 단독으로 또는 서로 혼합해서 사용하고 있다. 산업안전보건법의 산업보건기준에 관한 규칙에는 사업장에서의 사용량과 독성 등을 고려하여 54종의 물질을 제1종, 제2종, 및 제3종으로 구분하여 관리하고 있다. 폐기물 관리법에서는 사업장에서 발생하는 폐유기용제의 독성, 인화성, 발화성 등으로 인하여 인체 및 생태계에 미치는 유해한 영향을 최소화하기 위해 사업장 지정폐기물로 관리하고 있다. 그 중에서도 소각처리시 폐유기용제에 함유된 염소, 불소 성분에 기인한 다이옥신의 비의도적 발생을 줄이고자 할로겐화 유기물질 17항목을 설정하고 5 %의 함유량 기준을 두고 있다. 그러나 그 밖의 폐유기용제에 대한 항목과 기준은 설정되어 있지 않고, 폐기물에 미량의 폐유기용제가 포함되어 있어도 지정폐기물로 처리해야 하는 등 폐유기용제의 종류와 기준이 불분명하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 폐유기용제의 합리적인 관리 및 처리방안을 마련하기 위해, 국내 사업장에서 배출하는 폐유기용제의 특성 및 관리실태 등을 파악하여 폐유기용제의 적정 분류기준에 대해 제시하고자 하였다. 폐유기용제의 98.6% 을 배출하고 있는 전자부품, 화학물질 및 화학제품 제조업 등 19개 업종, 80개 사업장에 대한 제품제조공정, 폐유기용제의 배출 및 처리방법 등을 현지에서 조사하고, 발생된 폐유기용제를 채취하여 알려진 유기용제의 함량을 분석하여 업종별 폐유기용제의 배출특성을 평가하였다.

Establishment of emission standard of dioxins from crematories has been needed for their efficient management in korea. In this study, we investigate related regulation, guideline and management of crematory at home and abroad. Either dioxin legal basis or management of countries are compared and analyzed respectively. Crematories were distributed 51 place all over the country and total 265 crematories have been operated in 2000. Korea crematories have been operated 3 steps; incineration, cooling in furnace and collection of bone. This process is similar with Japanese process. But European process is different steps; incineration, keeping the temperature of furnace and collection of bone. In case of Korea, the resynthesis of dioxins in the cooling process due to the dioxin emissions higher than European process. This study has suggested three emission standards of dioxins from crematories based on survey of foreign standards and korean measurement data. The 1st suggested standard is 10 ng-TEQ/Sm3 in present facility, 5 ng-TEQ/Sm3 in new facility, the 2nd suggestion is 5 ng-TEQ/Sm3 in present facility, 1 ng-TEQ/Sm3 in new facility and the 3nd suggestion is 0.5 ng-TEQ/Sm3 in present facility, 0.1 ng-TEQ/Sm3 in new facility. When 2nd suggestion apply, at 2020 dioxin emissions(0.779 g-TEQ/yr) is expected to be approximately 71% reduction compared to 2010 year.