본 연구는 MRCP 검사에서 대부분 시간이 소요되는 T2 3D 검사 시 CS 기법을 적용해 시간을 단축하고 동시에, CS 계수와 De-noising 계수를 변화시켜 그에 따른 영상 변화에 관하여 연구하고자 하였다. 본 연구는 환자 대신에 3D 프린터를 사용하였으며, 지름 0.55cm인 실리콘 bile duct를 제작하여 실험하였다. 실험 조건은 CS 계수를 1.1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25로 변화시켰으며, 각각 변화된 CS 계수마다 De-noising 계수를 1, 100, 250, 500, 750, 1000으로 변화시켜 설정된 조건으로 5번씩 검사를 시행하고, 나머지 매개변수는 같게 하여 영상을 획득하였다. 계수 설정 별로 획득된 영상을 SNR, CNR, SSIM 값 순으로 측정하여 비교, 평가하였으며 검사 소요 시간의 변화도 측정하였다. 실험 결과 CS 계수를 기준으로 De-noising을 변화시킨 그룹과 De-noising 계수를 기준으로 CS 계수를 변화시킨 그룹에서 SNR과 CNR 전체적으로 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.05). 또한, 검사 소요 시간은 CS 계수의 변화에 따라 많이 감소하였다. 특징적으로는 모든 계수 를 변화시킨 그룹에서 De-noising 계수 10, De-noising 계수 100의 그룹이 SNR과 CNR이 가장 높았으며, 구조적인 유사도를 측정하는 SSIM 값도 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 결론적으로, 환자의 호흡정지 기법이 가능한 CS 계수 15 이상에서 De-noising 10 또는 De-noising 100의 조합이 영상의 질과 검사 소요 시간에 있어 가장 최선의 계수 설정이며, 특히 CS 계수 20, De-noising 계수 100의 영상이 기준 영상 SNR의 90%, CNR의 97.2%, 구조적 유사성 98.7%로 가장 우수한 설정값으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 CS 계수와 De-noising 계수의 설정은 영상의 질적 수준을 일정 수준 유지하며, MRCP 검사에서 많은 시간이 소요되는 T2 3D sequence의 검사소요 시간을 단축시켜 진단적인 능력은 유지하며 검사 소요 시간을 줄이는 기초자료로 사용 될 것이라고 사료된다.

디젤엔진에서는 2차 분사 시스템은 다양한 배기 시스템에 적용이 가능하고, 엔진 제어와 관계없이 독립적으로 제어가 가능하기 때문에 환원제 희석 면에서도 후분사 또는 다른 농후한 환원제 분위기 형성 방법 등에 비해 장점이 많다. 2차 분사 시스템에서는 환원제의 공급 방법에 따라서 촉매의 효율은 달라질 수밖에 없다. 환원제는 일정압력 이상으로 유지 및 최적화가 필요하고, 인젝터의 위치 및 각도의 선정은 매우 중요한 인자이다. 본 논문에서는 2차 분사 조건을 변화시켜 환원제의 농도와 양을 변화시켰다. De-NOx 촉매 시스템에서 최대의 NOx 정화 효율에 적합한 환원제 분사 조건들의 선정이 필요하고, 분무 도달거리, 분무 평균 입경, 분무각, 분사량 등의 분무 특성과 환원제의 균일 분포를 잘 파악하여야 한다. 이와 같은 목적을 위하여 2차 분사에서 충돌판 형상에 의한 분무 및 거동 특성은 가시화 방법과 디지털 화상 처리 기법을 사용하여 분석하였으며, 충돌판 형상의 영향성과 각 형상에 대한 최적 각도 범위를 도출하였다.

To profile the proteome in porcine plasma, blood samples were collected from adult male barrows and those plasma were retrieved. For the depletion or pre-fractionation of high-abundance proteins, plasma samples were treated with commercial kits. Then, protein profiling was initiated using one and two-dimensional electrophoresis. Proteins were spotted and then identified by MALDI-TOF-TOF and LC-MS-MS. In the results, more than forty six proteins were identified and the reference map was constructed. The pre-treatment for the removal of high-abundance proteins caused the changes in 2-DE images and some of the proteins were newly uncovered after the most of high abundant proteins were removed. However, it is expected for further steps necessary to identify more low-abundance proteins that may contain potential bio-markers.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes of protein patterns in granulosa cells and corpus luteum in ovaries during the estrus cycle in cows. The estrus cycle was devided into five steps of follicular, ovulatory, early-luteal, mid-luteal and late-luteal phases. In results, 61 spots of total 85 spots were repeated on follicular phase and 51 spots of total 114 spots were repeated on ovulatory phase. The 40 spots of total 129 spots were repeated on early-luteal phase and 49 spots of total 104 spots were repeated on mid-luteal phase. Also 41 spots of total 60 spots were repeated on late-luteal phase. On the other hands, the 16 spots were indicated difference in follicular phase and ovulation phase had a difference 10 spots. It was showed difference No. 103 spot in ovulation phase, No. 135 spot in early-luteal phase and No. 175 and 176 spots in mid-luteal phase. Also, the 11 spots were expressed specifically in mid-luteal phase and No. 178 and 179 spots were difference of expression in late-luteal phase. We confirmed that there were 7 spots for ovulation, 4 spots for luteinization and 2 spots for luteolysis. Spot No. 89～93 in ovulation phase were transferrin, and spot No.94～98 were HSP60. Spot No. 103 was Dusty PK, spot No. 135 was OGDC- E2, and spot No. 175 and 176 were Rab GDI beta from luteinization. Spot No. 178 and 179 in luteolysis were vimentin. This results suggest that will be help to basic data about infertility.

One of main catalysts for De-NOx in SCR is a V2O5/TiO2, and this work formulated powdery catalysts focusing ultimately on corrugate catalytic support. The prepared catalyst consisted of anatase TiO2. Amount of the added vanadium oxide determined the viscosity of catalyst slurry, which is important for washcoat for a final corrugate type catalytic reactor. The test showed a proportional relation between adsorption amount of ammonia and specific surface area. De-NOx efficiency could be obtained up to 96.3 % at 400℃ with a spacial velocity of 4,000hr-1.

It was conducted the experiment, divided into three groups as normal, poor and polycystic ovary syndrome, to detect the change of protein patterns in follicular fluid on ovarian response following controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for human IVF outcome. In the normal group, it was confirmed reproducible 57 spots in the detected total 81 spots. Then 1 spot was not found in the other groups. In the poor responder group, it was found reproducible 53 spots in the detected total 98 spots. 6 spots were down-regulation and 7 spots were up-regulation comparable with normal group. There were not 5 spots in poor responder group comparable with other groups. In the polycystic ovary syndrome group, it was expressed reproducible 53 spots in the detected total 80 spots and 3 spots were just expressed in this group. However, 4 spots were not found in polycystic ovary syndrome. 9 spots were up-regulation comparable with normal group. Significant up and down-regulation spots among the each groups were identified. The results were a cytosolic carboxypeptidase, a signal-induced proliferation-associated protein 1, a ceruloplasmin, a keratin(type Ⅱ cytoskeletal 1), a polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2, a serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 4 regulatory subunit 4. It was identified that 8 spots, 6 kinds of protein are corresponded with NCBInr database research, but 10 spots were failed in the identification. In conclusion, it has been confirmed change and expression of protein on the ovarian response following COH of human.

This study was to evaluate the protein profile of seminal plasma using 2-DE in Hanwoo. Seminal plasma was harvested from five mature Hanwoo, and seminal plasma protein was extracted by M-PER Mammalian Protein Extraction Reagent. Proteins were refined by clean-up kit and quantified by Bradford method until total protein was . Immobilized pH gradient (IPG) strip was used 18 cm and 3~11 NL. SDS-PAGE was used 12% acrylamide gel. Each gels were visualized by comassie brilliant blue and silver staining. These spots were analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS and searched on NCBInr. The result, 20 proteins of 36 protein spots were searched through peptide sequencing on the NCBInr. 8 proteins profiled by 2-DE were proved through previous bovine studies and the name of each protein was albumin, nucleobindin, clusterin, TIMP-2, spermadhesin Z13, spermadhesin-1 and BSP proteins (BSP 30 kDa and BSP A1/A2). 12 new proteins were ATP synthase, protein MAK16 homolog, Transmembrane protein 214, E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase BRE1A, dual serine/threonine and tyrosine protein kinase, tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2, alpha-actinin-4, RUN domain-containing protein 3B, catenin alpha-1, protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 2, plakophilin-1 and inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H1 has not been previously described in the bovine seminal plasma study. These proteins may be contribute to define the type of proteins affecting fertility of male and improve the fertilizing ability of semen in Hanwoo.

JAK2 V617F mutation is a common event in chronic myeloproliferative disorders. However, de novo acute myeloid leukemia with JAK2 V617F is rarely encountered. The authors report the case of a 74-year-old male with de novo acute myeloblastic leukemia without maturation (AML M1) and a JAk2 V617F heterozygotic mutation. Despite treatment with standard AML regimens, the patient died 2 months after a diagnosis of acute leukemia. This case of an AML patient with a JAK2 V617F mutation with a poor prognosis suggests that despite its rarity, a JAK2 V617F mutational study be considered for prognostic purposes in AML.

Rapid extension of genomic database leads to the remarkable advance of functional genomics. This study proposes a novel methodology of functional analysis using 5-methyltrytophan (5 MT) mutant together with their 2-DE analysis and public microarray database. A total of 24 proteins was changed in 5 MT mutant and four remarkably different expressed proteins were identified. Among them, three spots were converted to Affymetrix probe. A total of 155 microarray samples from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) in NCBI was retrieved and followed by constructing gene co-expression networks over a broad range of biological issues through Self-Organising Tree Algorithm. Three co-expressing gene clusters were retrieved and each functional categorization with differential expression pattern was exhibited from 5 MT resistance mutant rice. It was indicated new co-expression networks in the mutant. This study suggests that on investigating possibility which correspond 2-DE to microarray database with their full potential.

Buckwheat is one of the traditional crops and has become a renewed target of interest or a popular crop as a healthy foodstuff, because it is a good source of cereal protein which is rich with essential amino acids. However, what is critical to our health is that buckwheat contains proteins which cause a allergy. Buckwheat allergy resulting from ingestion is caused by the storage proteins in the grain with molecular weights ranging from 15, 22, 35, 39 and 50 kDa proteins of the inner fractions to low, and there were clear differences in the protein compositions between the inner and outer buckwheat flour fractions. A major allergenic protein of buckwheat is Fag e 1 with molecular weight 22 kDa (BW22KD). Buckwheat allergy is an immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated hypersensitive response capable of causing anaphylactic shock. Buckwheat seeds were dissected to endosperm and embryo. From each fraction we extracted proteins and analyzed extracts by SDS-PAGE and 2-DE. On electrophoregrams of endosperm proteins, 6 intense bands were detected. The most intense corresponded to molecular weights ranging from 54 to 65 kDa. These proteins have been reported not to be allergenic. We show here that the allergenic buckwheat seed proteins are found only among embryo proteins. No allergenic proteins were found in the buckwheat endosperm. The results presented here lead to the proposal that patients with hypersensitivity to buckwheat flour should use only fine flour from buckwheat endosperm, as this fraction contains no allergenic proteins. At present, specific protein spots will be selected and in-gel digested for MALDI-TOF-TOF/MS analysis.