Porous poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds were fabricated by salt leaching method. The PCL scaffolds were treated with aqueous NaOH for 0h, 2h, 4h, 8h, and 12h at 40˚C. The NaOH-treated PCL scaffolds were dipped in CaCl2 and K2HPO4·3H2O solution alternately three times to induce apatite nuclei onto the surface of the scaffolds. The NaOH-treated PCL scaffolds were immersed into SBF solution for 1day to grow the apatite. The apatite formation were investigated as a fuction of NaOH treatment time. The hydrophilicty and surface area of the PCL scaffolds were increased with NaOH-treatment time. The NaOH-treated PCL scaffolds were successfully formed a dense and uniform bone-like apatite layer after immersion for 1 day in SBF solution.

Biomimetic apatite deposition behaviors on Zr-1Nb and Ti-6Al-4V plate with various surface conditions were examined. Both alloys were polished with abrasive papers to have different roughness and some of them were treated in NaOH before exposition in simulated body fluid. NaOH treatment was found to enhance the deposition rate of apatite on Ti-6Al-4V significantly. On the other hand, the deposition rate of Zr-1Nb was not influenced by NaOH treatment. Without NaOH treatment, the polished Zr-1Nb with abrasive paper was found to induce more apatite nucleation than the polished Zr-6Al-4V.

This experiment was performed to study the biocompatibility of xenograft materials (ABBM. coralline HA). Both autogenous bone grafts and allogenic banked bone were frequently and successfully used to promote regeneration of parts of skeleton. The use of these types of grafts were limited by the cost of donor site operation for autogenous boneor by fear of the risk of infection of allogenic materials. Another type of graft is xenograft which include ABBM and coralline HA. For investigating the biocompatibility, generally many investigators used cancer cell lines or animal cell lines. But cancer cell lines and animal cell lines had functioned different metabolism from normal human cell. So the experiment used normal human osteoblast for compare the biocompatibility of ABBM with coralline HA which were fixed in 24 well base contained culture medium. After 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th, 28th days, the culture medium were taken out and checked the concentrations ofcalcium( Ca), inorganic phosphate(IP) and alkaline phosphatase(ALP). In another method, histologic samples were investigated after 8weeks of xenograft materials implantated on rabbit's tibia, the bone was cut and made undecalcified ground samples and checked with fluorecent microscope, polarizing microscope, reflection electron microscope and electron probe microanalysis. The statistical results of concentrations (Ca, IP, ALP) of materials in the culture medium have decreasedby day's, which meant that xenograft materials were effective for bone remodelling. The concentrations in the culture medium of ABBM were lower than that of coralline HA, that meant that biocompatibility of ABBM were superior than that of coralline HA. Histologic samples showed that ABBM had better bone remodelling effect than coralline HA. ABBM showed good alizarin red marking lines, more deposition of Ca, IP, and dense color of bone around newly formed osteon and bone trabeculae. it was concluded that ABBM was more biocompatible than corallineHA in vivo and in vitro test

The hydroxyapatite(HAp) as a carrier the for ion exchange agent of Ag+ions was prepared in semiconductor fabrication, The Ca/P molar ratio of the HAp was 1.65. The HAp is molded in shape of the antimcrobial ball and then sintered at 1000℃. Ag-containing HAp(HAp-Ag) was prepared by incorporating Ag+ions in HAp crystals through an ion-exchange reaction in solutions containing 0.01M AgNO3. The antimicrobial effect of HAp-Ag for bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus has been investigated. The concentrations of silver in the antimicrobial ball was determined by inductively coupled plasma and the amount of Ag+ion was 9.0㎍/g. The HAp-Ag exhibited excellent antimicrobial effect for bacteria such as E. coli and S. aureus. The bactericidal activity was considered to be caused by direct contact of bacteria with Ag+ions in the HAp crystals. The HAp would likely to be possible as a carrier of antimicrobial metal ions such as Ag, Cu, and Zn by recycling of waste sludge in the semiconductor fabrication process.

The hydroxyapatite (HAp) for the present study was prepared by precipitation method in semiconductor fabrication and the crystallized at ambient to950℃ for 30min in electric furnace. The ion-exchange characteristics of HAp for various heavy metal ions such as Cd2+, Cu2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Fe3+, Pb2+, Al3+, and Cr6+ in aqueous solution has been investigated. The removal ratio of various metal ions for HAp were investigated with regard to reaction time, concentration of standard solution, amount of HAp and pH of solution. The order of the ions exchanged amount was as follows: Pb2+, Fe3+>Cu2+>Zn2+>Al3+>Cd2+>Mn2+>Cr6+. The Pb2+ ion was readily removed by the HAp, even in the strongly acidic region. The maximum amount of the ion-exchange equilibrium for Pb2+ ion was about 45 ㎎/gram of HAp. The HAp would seem to be possible agent for the removal of heavy metal ions in waste water by recycling of waste sludge in semiconductor fabrication.