In this study, two things were analyzed for Korean Standards certification factory review evaluation items. First, it was examined whether there is a difference between the Practice of factory review evaluation items and Post-Management according to the change in perception of the factory review evaluation items of Korean Standards certification personnel. Second, the moderating effect of the Korean Standards certification personnel's perception of the effect of the Practice of the factory review evaluation items of Korean Standards certification personnel on Post-Management was verified. Although there is a statistically significant difference between Practice and Post-Management according to changes in perception of Korean Standards personnel, there is no statistically significant difference in the impact (slope) of Practice on Post-Management according to changes in perception of Korean Standards certification personnel. As the perception of factory review evaluation items increases, the Practice and Post-Management of factory review evaluation items are increasing, but the impact of the Practice of factory review evaluation items on Post-Management does not affect it. In order to further advance Korean Standards certification, which plays an important role in maintaining the quality level of products produced by companies, efforts to raise the level of perception of Korean Standards certification personnel are considered necessary.

This study conducted frequency analysis, reliability analysis, descriptive statistics, and correlation analysis to determine the impact of quality control managers' perception and implementation of KS certification factory inspection evaluation items on follow-up management. Through a multiple linear regression model, the influence of KS certification officer's awareness and implementation of KS certification factory inspection on post management was found to have a positive (+) influence on post management, with implementation having a greater influence on post management than awareness. It was having an impact. The independent variable (perception) has a statistically significant impact on the mediating variable (execution), and in the stage of verifying the mediating effect, the influence of the independent variable (perception) on the dependent variable (follow-up management) has a statistically significant impact. , In the stage where the independent variable (perception) and the mediator (implementation) are input simultaneously, both the independent variable and the mediator have a statistically significant effect on the dependent variable, indicating that there is a mediation effect.

It is very important that the confinement of a spent fuel storage systems is maintained because if the confinement is damaged, the gaseous radioactive material inside the storage cask can leak out and have a radiological impact on the surrounding public. For this reason, leakage rate tests using helium are required for certificate of compliance (CoC) and fabrication inspections of spent fuel storage cask. For transport cask, the allowable leakage rate can be calculated according to the standardized scenario presented by the IAEA. However, for storage cask, the allowable leakage rate is determined by the canister, facility, and site specific information, so it is difficult to establish a standardized leakage rate criterion. Therefore, this study aims to establish a system that can derive system-specific leakage test criteria that can be used for leakage test of actual storage systems. First, the variables that can affect the allowable leakage rate for normal and accident conditions were derived. Unlike transportation systems, for storage systems, the dose from the shielding analysis and the dose from the confinement analysis are summed up to determine whether the dose standard is satisfied, and even the dose from the existing nuclear facilities is summed up during normal operation condition. For this reason, the target dose is used as an input variable when calculating the allowable leakage rate for the storage system. In addition, the main variables are the distance from the boundary of the exclusive area, the number of cask, the inventory of nuclide material in the cask, the free volume, and the internal and external pressure. Utilizing domestic and US NRC guidelines, we derived basic recommended values for the selected variables. The GASPARII computer code that can evaluate the dose to the public under normal operating conditions was utilized. Using the above variables, the allowable leakage rate is calculated and converted to the allowable criteria for helium leakage rate test. The developed system was used to calculate the allowable leakage rate for normal and accident conditions for a hypothetical storage system. The leakage rate criteria calculation system developed in this study can be useful for CoC and fabrication inspections of storage systems in the future, and a GUI-based program will be built for user convenience.

PURPOSES : Unlike European standards, domestic performance assessment standards for truck mounted attenuators (TMAs) was first stipulated in 2014 using the NCHRP Report 350 of 1993 as the standard instead of the 2009 MASH of the United States. The purpose of this study is to present an improvement in the domestic performance evaluation criteria for TMAs.. METHODS : Considering the latest TMA performance evaluation standards in the U.S. and Europe, domestic performance evaluation criteria must improve stipulations related to impact speeds, impact conditions, impact cars, and support trucks. The performance change in the TMAs according to the variation in the impact speed, impact condition, impact vehicle, and support vehicle was investigated using finite element analysis (FEA). RESULTS : The TMA for an impact speed of 100 km/h showed a limit to the safety of the occupants of the collision vehicle and workers on the road for a collision speed of 120 km/h. The safety of the workers on the road was also not guaranteed for the collision of the remaining 73.8% of vehicles that exceeds the maximum impact car weight of 1,300 kg, the lower 26.2% of the total mass composition of domestic passenger cars. In addition, a TMA that satisfied only the conditions under which the vehicle was hit head-on to the center of the TMA did not reduce the risk of a secondary collision of the impact vehicle. Furthermore, the safety of workers on the road was not guaranteed when a travel distance of a support truck of 10 tons or more was applied to a work vehicle of less than 10 tons. CONCLUSIONS : To improve the safety of road traffic, a performance level corresponding to an impact speed of 120 km/h was added to the domestic TMA performance evaluation standard, and the eccentricity and oblique collision conditions were mandatory. Furthermore, the maximum impact vehicle weight of 1300 kg was raised to 2000 kg, and the test requester had to present support trucks of lower and upper weights such that TMA mounting trucks of various weights could be used.

본 연구의 목적은 예비 지구과학교사들이 학생에 의해 구성된 기후변화 모델을 평가하는 기준을 탐색하는 것이 다. 대도시 소재 대학 지구과학교육과 전공 수업에서 3주간 모델링 기반 과학 학습에 대한 강의를 수강한 예비 지구과 학교사 25명이 연구에 참여하였다. 예비 지구과학교사들이 작성한 고등학생들이 구성한 7개의 기후변화 모델을 평가하 는 보고서와 사후 인터뷰 자료를 수집하여 기후변화 모델 평가 기준을 귀납적으로 범주화하였다. 연구 결과 예비 지구 과학교사들이 기후변화 모델을 평가할 때 다양한 인식론적 기준과 의사소통 기준을 동원하였음을 확인하였다. 연구 결 과를 바탕으로 모델링 기반 기후변화 학습에 대한 시사점을 도출하였다.

선박들은 목적에 따라 건조되어 개별의 목표를 가지고 운영된다. 운영상 목표는 선박의 설계에 반영되어 필요한 선박능력을 결정하는 주요 기준이 된다. 일반적으로 화물선과 여객선은 수송능력을 중심으로 선박의 운항부분과 화물 또는 여객의 수용능력부분으로 선박능력이 객관적으로 평가되고 있다. 필요한 선박능력을 감안하여 건조된 선박은 안정성과 같은 기본적인 특성 외에 경제성, 친환경성 등의 효과들 또한 기대 할 수 있다. 이에 따라 국내 해기사 양성에서 중추적인 역할을 하고 있는 각 기관의 실습전용선박 관리 분야에서 도 선박능력 개념의 효과적인 활용이 기대된다. 본 연구에서는 최근 시차를 두고 건조된 한국해양수산연수원의 실습전용선박 2척의 선박 내부 공간 분석을 통하여 실습전용선박의 선박능력 평가 기준에 대해 기초적인 방향성을 확인하였으며 국내의 실습전용선박 또는 범용 실습선박 건조 과정 중 예산확보와 설계에서 선박능력 기준의 활용 가능성을 도출하였다.

As Deepfakes phenomenon is spreading worldwide mainly through videos in web platforms and it is urgent to address the issue on time. More recently, researchers have extensively discussed deepfake video datasets. However, it has been pointed out that the existing Deepfake datasets do not properly reflect the potential threat and realism due to various limitations. Although there is a need for research that establishes an agreed-upon concept for high-quality datasets or suggests evaluation criterion, there are still handful studies which examined it to-date. Therefore, this study focused on the development of the evaluation criterion for the Deepfake video dataset. In this study, the fitness of the Deepfake dataset was presented and evaluation criterions were derived through the review of previous studies. AHP structuralization and analysis were performed to advance the evaluation criterion. The results showed that Facial Expression, Validation, and Data Characteristics are important determinants of data quality. This is interpreted as a result that reflects the importance of minimizing defects and presenting results based on scientific methods when evaluating quality. This study has implications in that it suggests the fitness and evaluation criterion of the Deepfake dataset. Since the evaluation criterion presented in this study was derived based on the items considered in previous studies, it is thought that all evaluation criterions will be effective for quality improvement. It is also expected to be used as criteria for selecting an appropriate deefake dataset or as a reference for designing a Deepfake data benchmark. This study could not apply the presented evaluation criterion to existing Deepfake datasets. In future research, the proposed evaluation criterion will be applied to existing datasets to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of each dataset, and to consider what implications there will be when used in Deepfake research.

When evaluating the extent of the impact of water pollutants on the surrounding area, we would like to present the target level (proposal) of the quality of the environment, which is the standard for evaluation. We propose the environmental quality target level for substances that need to be applied domestically by investigating overseas cases operating the integrated environmental management system and the implications of domestic environmental pollutant management. The appropriateness of the environmental quality target level reviewed in this study was determined using data from the water quality measuring network, and future improvement measures were proposed. We review the available methodologies for setting quality objectives for the environment. It proposed the environmental quality target level for 21 substances that have domestic water pollutant emission standards and do not have environmental standards, and proposed future improvement measures. If it is necessary to add quality target-level items of the environment in the future, it is believed that expansion will be possible based on the methodology presented in this study.

울산항 정박지는 정박지 수요 대비 충분한 넓이의 면적이 확보되어 있지 않으나 이를 객관적으로 평가할 수 있는 기준이 명확하게 정의되어 있지 않은 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 현행 정박지 밀집도와 가동률 개념의 문제점을 개선한 일반식과 정박지 적정성 평가를 위한 새로운 평가 기준을 제안하였다. 그리고 이 기준을 울산항 E 정박지에 적용하여 정박지 규모의 적정성을 평가하였다. 울산항 E1 정박지의 밀집도와 가동률은 각각 129 %, 122 %로 두 평가 기법 모두 100 %를 초과하는 것으로 나타나 평가 기준에 따라 정박지 확장이 필요한 것으로 분석되었다. 이에 울산항 입출항 선박의 통항 패턴과 도선지점과의 거리를 고려하여 울산항 제1항로 끝단에서 부채꼴 모양으로 35도를 개방한 정박지 확장 방안을 제시하였고, 해상교통 항적도, 정박지 밀집도, 그리고 가동률 평가 기준을 적용하여 적정성을 검증하였다. 검증 결과 울산항 E3 정박지 남측의 확장 해역과 해상교통 항적이 일부 겹치는 부분은 존재하나 매우 미미하여 해상교통에 영향을 미칠 가능성은 희박한 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 정박지 모두에서 정박지 규모의 적정성이 확보되었음을 확인하였다.

This study investigated the effects of self and peer evaluations and learners’ involvement on the development of assessment criteria in higher education English literature classes. A total of 40 college students participated in the study, extracting five main criteria with 10 sub-standards to assess their group assignments and conduct self- and peer evaluation on their presentations. The results of the learners’ selfand peer assessments were compared with instructor’s assessments and their final grades using one-way ANOVA and correlation analysis. The study also examined the correlation among the assessment criteria to find which factors affected learning outcomes. The study concluded that their participation in the development of assessment criteria positively, affected their critical thinking ability and the selection of subjects for the group presentations. Logicality of writing also affected the outcomes of final assessments. The study concluded that self- and peer assessments can be highly effective in learning processes when learners actively participate in setting the assessment criteria.

The paper presents the results of a multi-criteria comparative evaluation of 12 feasible Russian nuclear energy deployment scenarios with thermal and fast reactors in a closed nuclear fuel cycle. The comparative evaluation was performed based on 6 performance indicators and 5 different MCDA methods (Simple Scoring Model, MAVT / MAUT, AHP, TOPSIS, PROMETHEE) in accordance with the recommendations elaborated by the IAEA/INPRO section. It is shown that the use of different MCDA methods to compare the nuclear energy deployment scenarios, despite some differences in the rankings, leads to well-coordinated and similar results. Taking into account the uncertainties in the weights within a multi-attribute model, it was possible to rank the scenarios in the absence of information regarding the relative importance of performance indicators and determine the preference probability for a certain nuclear energy deployment scenario. Based on the results of the uncertainty/sensitivity analysis and additional analysis of alternatives as well as the whole set of graphical and attribute data, it was possible to identify the most promising nuclear energy deployment scenario under the assumptions made.

With the development of industrial technology and science, production and manufacturing facilities have been enhanced and improved, and the importance of the safety of workers has also been regulated and limited by various safety management methods. As a way to secure the safety of the workers from the production facility, the fail-safe and fool-proof methods are now being applied. Any possible insecure behavior and unsafe conditions can be removed by adopting the standards and specifications that are now secure the safety of workers and equipment. This research analyzes EN ISO 13849-1 international and European standards during CE certification. In order to secure acceptable reduced risks, the risk assessment process of ISO 12100 and the processes for reducing its risk are applied. In the current ISO 13849-1 standard, the criteria for the required performance level PLr (Required Performance Level) for the applicable risk and safety functions through the risk assessment are subjective and not subdivided. Therefore, the evaluation criteria are likely to cause judge’s judgement error due to qualitative judgement. This research focuses on evaluation and acceptable performance level setting for the safety circuit of the equipment. We propose an objective and specific evaluation criteria to secure safety, and the proposed evaluation criteria are applied to the case study of the safety circuit for the equipment. In order to secure the safety of the entire safety circuit, the improvement of the MTTFd and DC level related to the SRP/CS (Safety-Related Parts of Control Systems)’ lifetime is required for the future research.

Advances in information technology, communication and network technology are radically facilitating digital convergences as the integration of human, equipment, and space in the current industry 4.0 era. In industry 4.0 environment, the vast amount of information with networked computing technology can be simultaneously accessible even in limited physical space. Two main benefit points out of these information are the convenience and efficiency in their online transactions either buying things online or selling online. Even though there exist so many benefits that information technology can create for the people doing business over the internet there is a critical problem to be answered. In spite of many such advantages, however, online transactions have many dysfunctions such as personal information leakage, account hacking, and cybercrime. Without preparing the appropriate protection methods or schema people reluctantly use the transaction or would find some other partners with enhanced information security environment. In this paper we suggested a novel selection criteria that can be used to evaluate the reliable means of authentication against the expected risks under on-going IoT based environment. Our selection criteria consists of 4 steps. The first step is services and risk identification step. The second step is evaluation of risk occurrence step. The third step includes the evaluation of the extent of damage. And the final step is the assessment of the level of risk. With the help of the above 4 step-approach people can systematically identify potential risks hiding in the online transactions and effectively avoid by taking appropriate counter actions

Nowadays, container transport services play a substantial role in global cargo transportation by serving as an intermodal between the exporter and importer. Container shipping has become increasingly important over the past few decades due to its obvious advantages. However, Vietnam's container market has shown severely ongoing competition among numerous domestic and foreign shipping lines resulting in serious consequences occurring such as the freight rates substantially decreasing within the last ten years. In fact, Vietnam's sea lanes have become more defensive to cover the losses of shipping companies. Selection of criteria for competitive evaluation of container transport companies is necessary to help recognize the problems within the enterprise especially relating to its position in the market and from here, business management are able to put strategic plans in place and reasonable policy in order to be able to survive and grow.