This study aimed to investigate the biological activities, including polyphenolic content, flavonoid content, and antioxidant activities, of various cultivars of Korean perilla leaves. The results indicated that among nine cultivars (Namcheon dlggae, Saedora, Nulbora, Donggel 1, Donggell 2, Soim, Sangyeop, Somirang, and Saebom) of perilla leaves, the total polyphenolic content (gallic acid equivalent mg/g, GAE) was the highest in “Nulbora,” while it was lowest in Namcheon dlggae. Moreover, flavonoid content in the extracts of nine cultivars leaves was in the range of 132.93~268.50 mg catechin equivalent/g sample. The antioxidant effects of the perilla leaves were determined using two different in vitro bioassays measuring DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging activities. The results revealed that antioxidant activity was also higher in “Nulbora” compared with other cultivars. Xanthin-oxidase-inhibition activity ranged from 65.65% to 80.58%, with “Nulbora” exhibiting the highest activity, although the difference with other cultivars was not significant. “Nulbora” extracts reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory genes and several cytokines, including IL-6 activation induced by LPS in macrophages in the range of 100–50 μg/mL. These results suggest that extracts from perilla leaves can be used as bioactive and functional materials that could be important in industrial applications in the future.

인삼, 들깨 기름, 칼슘 및 마그네슘이 함유되어 있는 식이로 사육한 토끼의 혈장 콜레스테롤과 HMG-CoA reductase의 활성을 조사하였다. 간에 포함되어 있는 HMG-CoA reductase의 활성은 인삼과 들깨 기름 및 마그네슘 첨가 식이군에 있어서 증가되었으며 혈장 콜레스테롤의 농도는 감소되었다. 혈장 LDL-콜레스테롤은 대조군보다 감소하였으나 HDL-콜레스테롤은 증가되었다. 또한 베타 글로블린의 분포도 인삼과 마그네슘 및 들깨 기름을 첨가 급여한 실험군에 있어서 가장 낮았으며, α-2-글로블린은 대조군에 비하여 가장 높은 값을 보였다. 전해질은 K+은 인삼 첨가로 감소 되었으나 Na+은 증가되었다. 혈장 마그네슘의 농도는 인삼의 첨가로 변화가 없었지만 칼슘과 들깨 기름 및 인삼 첨가식이로 마그네슘의 농도가 더 증가되었다. 혈장 칼슘의 농도는 마그네슘과 인삼을 첨가한 식이군에 있어서 감소하였다.

Sclerotinia rot, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is a devastating disease that poses a serious threat to perilla production in Korea. Identifying effective sources of resistance offers long term prospects for improving management of this disease. Screening disease resistant genetic resources is important for development of disease-resistant, new cultivars and conduct related research. In the present study, perilla germplasm were screened in vitro against S. sclerotiorum using detached leaf method. Among 544 perilla accessions, two were highly resistant (IT226504, IT226533), five were resistant (IT226561, IT226532, IT226526, IT226441, and IT226589), five were moderately resistant (IT226525, IT226640, IT226568, IT220624, and IT178655), 16 were moderately susceptible, 31 were susceptible, and 485 were highly susceptible. The resistant accessions in this study could serve as resistance donor in the breeding of Sclerotinia rot resistance or subjected to selection procedure of varietal development for direct use by breeders, farmers, researchers, and end consumers.

Background : Sclerotinia rot, caused by a fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is one of the serious and unpredictable yield losses in perilla (Perilla frutescens) leaf production in Korea. Screening disease resistant genetic resources is necessary to develop disease-resistant cultivars and conduct related research. Methods and Results : A Total of 150 perilla accessions, including 123 Korean landraces and 27 cultivars developed in Korea, were evaluated for resistance to Sclerotinia rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) using detached leaf inoculation technique. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum isolate KACC40457 was inoculated at the seedling stage (five to six leaves). For detached leaf method, a mycelial plug was placed fungus-side down on the main leaf vain and incubated at 22 ± 1℃ on moistened paper towel in a plastic box. Three Korean landraces, including IT117036, IT117106, and IT117110, and cultivar IT229431 showed 100% of resistance ratio (no. of plants showed below 1 ㎝ of lesion size/total evaluated plants × 100). Seven accessions including five landraces, IT117080, IT117107, IT117048, 117042, 117029, and two cultivaers, IT276225 and IT213781, showed high level of resistance that is higher than 80% of resistance ratio Conclusion : 11 accessions which showed strong and moderate level of resistance to Sclerotinia rot could be possibly used by breeders, farmers, and researchers to produce new disease resistant cultivars and use them commercially. However, research related to the exploration of appropriate materials (accessions) for breeding cultivars with good quality, high functional components, high consumer acceptability, etc. should be continued, considering pathogenicity test was conducted in young stage.

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of KEM and SAF appication on contents change of fatty acids and organic acid of perilla(Perilla Frutescens Britton). Contenst of squalene in perilla leaves on control and KEM/SAF treated were 3.39 mg and 4.22 mg, respectively. Therefore the squalene quantity of KEM/SAF treated leaves was 24.2% more than that of control. A total 6 fatty acids in perilla leaves were analyzed in this study. Percentage of the saturated and unsaturated fatty acid in perilla leaves were 20 and 80%, respectively. Contents of phytosterols in perilla leaf such as campesterol and sitosterol were 2.0 and 20.0 mg, respectively. Therefore sitosterol content was 10 fold more than that of campesterol. The KEM/SAF application on perilla leaf was effective on the change of squalene or phytosterol contents. However effect of that was negligible on the change of fatty acid content.

들깨 유전자원을 평가하여 품종육성을 위한 기초 자료를 제공하고자 국내 85점, 중국 길림성 5점을 수집 2001년에 충북농업기술원에서 재배하고, 작물학적 특성을 조사 비교하였다. 국내 들깨 수집종 85점은 조생종이 19개로 전체의 23%, 중생종이 57개로 67%, 만생종이 9개로 10%였는데, 조생종은 주로 중북부지역 수집종이었고, 만생종은 주로 남부평야 지역에서 수집된 것들이었으며, 중생종은 전국적으로 고르게 분포되었으나, 중국 길림성 수집종은 모두 조생종이었다. 1,000립중은 국내 수집종에서는 평균 2.79이었는데, 경남 함양종이 3.9g으로 가장 무거웠으며, 강원 평창종은 1.7g으로 극소립종이었고, 대부분 중·소립종이었다. 입중이 무거울수록 만생종인 경향이었다. 중국 수집종은 평균 2.6g이었으며, 2.2~3.1g으로 국내 수집종에 비하여 립중이 다양하지 않았다. 종피색은 국내 수집종의 암갈색이 30%, 갈색이 55% 그리고 회갈색이 6%로 갈색계통이 전체의 91%였다. 회백색 계통이 경장이 길고, 립중이 무거웠다. 중국 수집종은 암갈색이 20%, 갈색이 80%이었다. 경장과 절수, 분지수와 화방군수는 국내·중국 수집종 모두에서, 화방군 당 삭수와 화방군장은 국내 수집종에서, 1,000립중과 성숙기, 화방군수와 경장, 절수는 중국 수집종에서 상호간에 유의적인 정의 상관이었으며, 화방군 당 삭수와 1,000립중과는 국내 수집 종에서, 화방군장과 경장, 분지수, 절수, 화방군수와는 중국 수집종에서 유의한 부의 상관이었다.

들깨 유전자원을 평가하여 품종육성을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 전국적으로85점을 수집 2001년에 충북농업기술원에서 재배하고, 작물학적 특성을 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 들깨 수집종 85점은 조생종이 19개로 전체의 23%, 중생 종이 57개로 67%, 만생종이 9개로 10%였는데, 조생종은 주로 중북부지역 수집종이었고, 만생종은 주로 남부평야지역에서 수집된 것들이었으며, 중생종은 전국적으로 고르게 분포되었다. 2. 천립중은 평균 2.7g이었는데, 경남 함양종이 3.9g으로 가장 무거웠으며, 강원 평창종은 1.7g으로 극소립종이었는데, 대부분 중. 소립종이었다. 립중이 무거울수록 만생종인 경향이었다. 3. 종피색은 암갈색이 30%, 갈색이 55% 그리고 회갈색이 6%로 갈색계통이 전체의 91%였다. 회백색 계통이 경장이 길고, 립중이 무거웠다. 4. 경장과 절수, 분지수와 화방군수 그리고 화방군당삭수와 화방군장은 상호간에 유의적인 정의 상관이었으며, 화방군당삭수와 천립중과는 유의한 부의 상관이었다. 5 .회백색 계통 1개 수집종과 3.5g이상의 대립인 경남 함양 종 등 4개 수집종을 교배모본으로 활용하고자 한다.

This study was carried out to obtain informations on the variations of oil content and fatty acid composition among 90 Korean perilla collections. Average oil content of 90 perilla collections was 44.2% with a range from 29.7% to 61.9%. Perilla collections with late-maturing, super-large seed and gray seed coat showed higher oil content than other types in general. Average saturated fatty acid content in perilla oil was 9.0% with a range from 8.2% to 10.7%, while average unsaturated fatty acid content varied from 89.3% to 91.8% with a mean of 91.0%. Contents of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were not related to maturity. There were no differences in the contents of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids according to maturity. Linoleic acid and linolenic acid contents were the highest in the super large-sized group(15.5%) and in the large-sized seed group(61.4%), respectively, while contents of fatty acids among the perilla collections were variable with different seed coat colors. Most of the traits studied were not significantly correlated with oil content, but linoleic acid(Ω-6) content was negatively correlated (r=-0.217＊) with linolenic acid(Ω-3) content.