본 연구는 노인장기요양기관의 윤리경영, 직무착근도, 고객지향성, 조직문화와의 관계 를 규명하되, 요양보호사의 윤리경영, 직무착근도, 고객지향성, 조직문화의 수준은 어느 정도인지를 파악하고, 이들 간의 관계를 조직문화가 매개하는지 검증하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 충청지역에 소재하고 있는 노인장기요양기관의 요양보호사 626명의 설문을 실시하였는데 본 연구의 주요결과는 요양보호사가 인식하고 있는 윤리 경영 수준은 5점 척도 기준에서 평균 3.760, 조직문화 수준은 평균 3.501점으로 나타났는 데 관계문화가 가장 높고 위계문화가 가장 낮게 나왔다. 직무착근도 수준은 평균 3.524 를 보여주었고, 고객지향성 수준은 3.79로 나타났다. 윤리경영이 조직문화, 직무착근도, 고객지향성에 직접적으로 정적 영향을 미치는 것으 로 나타났고, 조직문화가 직무착근도에 직접적인 영향을 미칠 뿐만 아니라 고객지향성에 도 영향을 미치며, 윤리경영은 조직문화에 영향을 미치으로 윤리경영이 직무착근도에까 지 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었다. . 한계점과 후속연구를 제언하자면 첫째, 노인장기요양기관의 특성에 맞는 윤리경영 측 정도구가 개발될 필요가 있다. 둘째, 다양한 지역의 요양보호사를 대상으로 본 연구와 유 사한 연구가 진행된다면 노인장기요양기관의 조직 윤리경영과 조직문화 수립 기여에 기 반이 될 것이라 판단된다. 셋째, 조직문화유형인 Quinn과 McGrath(1985)의 4가지 유형인 관계문화, 합리문화, 위계문화, 개발문화를 고찰하였다. Quinn과 McGrath(1985)의 4가지 문화유형만 연구한 것은 아쉬운 측면인데 본 연구 역시 마찬가지의 한계를 가지고 있다 고 하겠다. 넷째, 본 연구는 한 번의 설문을 수집하여 횡단적인 연구만 실시되어 변인들 간의 관계가 왜곡 될 수 있는 가능성을 가지는 한계가 있다.

The purpose of this study was to analyze structural relationships with regard to the effect of customer integration, which is a type of integration in the supply chain, and market orientation of supply chain on the resulting change in the supply chain and management performance. The results of analysis in this study are as follows: First, customer integration and market orientation had a positive effect on reducing the flexibility and uncertainty of SCM. The decreased flexibility and uncertainty of SCM had a positive effect on non-financial performance, which also had a positive effect on financial performance. Second, customer integration and market orientation had a positive effect on financial and non-financial performance indirectly by decreasing the flexibility and uncertainty of SCM. Third, the effect of customer integration and uncertainty of SCM on the flexibility of SCM changed depending on the position in the supply chain; the effect was larger in the distribution group. The implications based on the analysis results are as follows: It is expected that the ability to deal with market changes in the overall supply chain is improved by laying the foundation for cooperation through establishing information infrastructure, including sharing information with trade partners and integrating systems, and implementing customer integration based on these achievements. It is also necessary to consider the business types and characteristics of individual companies in establishing information infrastructure.

As globalization has been progressed, companies faced a situation in which it was difficult to secure global competitiveness only with their internal management systems. To overcome this, Supply Chain Management (SCM) emerged, which optimizes the whole supply chain process from suppliers to demand companies. In this study, it was analyzed that the effects of customer integration among the integration factors of SCM, and market orientation among the strategic orientations on management performances such as non-financial performance and financial performance through a mediating role of flexibility. At this time, it was analyzed whether CEO's support has a moderating effect on the influence of the market orientation. As a result of analysis, the customer integration was found to have an indirect effect on the non-financial performance and the financial performance through the flexibility. The market orientation was found to have a direct effect on the non-financial performance and at the same time, indirectly affected it through the flexibility. In addition, it was shown that more the level of CEO's support, higher the influence of the market orientation. This moderating effect had an indirect effect on the financial performance. Based on the above findings, various implications for improving management performance were proposed. This study suggests that investments in computerization such as ERP and smart factories can improve supply chain management performance and ultimately improve customer satisfaction and financial performance.

본고는 불교중국화 5개년 계획에 제시된 8대 중점사업 중 전반부 4가지 사업을 중심으로 고찰을 진행한 논문이다. 8대 중점사업을 개관해보면 그 전반부 4가지 사업은 통제성, 수렴성 이 농후하다는 점에서 확산성, 팽창성을 특징으로 하는 후반부 4가지 사업과 차별화된다. 사상 및 법률법규의 학습을 통한 불교중국화에 대한 고찰에서는 사회주의 사상, 애국주의 사상, 법률과 법규에 관한 학습이 자발적이라는 명목 하에 규범화, 제도화되어 시행되고 있는 상황을 살펴본다. 불교사상의 새로운 해석을 통한 불교중국화에 대한 고찰에서는 사회주의 핵심가치관에 의한 불교 교리의 해석과 인간불교 사상의 계승발전을 중심으로 그 지향과 현실적 상황을 살펴본다. 교풍의 건설을 통한 불교중국화에 대한 고찰에서는 승려관리의 강화와 설법교류활동의 확대, 상업화 차단 등에 대한 지향과 실천을 중심으로 고찰한다. 마지막으 로 제도 및 관리체계의 수립을 통한 불교중국화에 대한 고찰에서는 다양한 규정의 제정을 통한 제도화 움직임에 대해 살펴보고, 관리시스템이 민주관리위원회를 중심으로 재편되고 있음을 살펴본다.

Along the 3,200km-long coastline, Vietnam has a significant number of seaports, which are relatively large and named as the keys to economic development. However, most ports are relatively small with obsolete facilities and poor supporting services. Among three largest ports countrywide, Ho Chi Minh City seaport has had the highest throughput and productivity per annum of the country for years, assumed the role of the major port in the south, where cargos and containers come and go from all industrial parks in the southern region. Situated on what was the outskirts but is now the outskirts or suburbs of Ho Chi Minh City, it has however shown some drawbacks, i.e., expansion of the port is not an option regardless of the high throughput. Apart from the inadequate infrastructure, ports are facing another setback due to backward pricing. The rapid increase in number of ports also created a “race to the bottom” situation, where Vietnam ports have reduced their price to attract customers. The direct results are lower service quality and an inability to reinvest into port development. Therefore, the restructuring of Ho Chi Minh City seaport system has been launched since 2006 whereby the plan not only resolves the limited size, obsolete facilities and traffic issues, but also becomes more efficient as the new port complex is located conveniently among the region’s industrial parks and export processing zones of Ho Chi Minh City, Binh Duong, Dong Nai, and Ba Ria – Vung Tau. In line with this plan, the paper will mainly aim to provide the outstanding constraints which Ho Chi Minh City seaport system faced, including illogical distribution among ports/terminals regardless the scale, capacity and geographic locations; ineffective and insecured mooring and anchorage buoys; undeveloped logistic services centres and lack of connecting infrastructure. As so, the recommendations for single issue will be provided.

In the trend of globalization, global citizenship, social responsibility,and sustainability are seen as the benchmark for assessing the sociology of schools. However, there are few formal definitions or concepts of global citizenship and convincing evidence of how global citizens engage in cultural activities at universities. Therefore, it is essential to research extensively and accurately to create concepts about global citizens in higher education. International higher education, social sciences,and business materials are considered to have integrated a deep understanding of global citizenship in the context of universities in general and business schools in particular. The recognition of the concept of global citizens through the moral and transformative lens is considered a practical solution when approaching this new and full of problems. This paper describes the learning of global citizens through social imagination, relationships,and reflexes. These qualities will help students develop complex and ambiguous global business thinking. The materials and knowledge considered in this paper are the basis for establishing ethical reasoning, sensitivity and value-based teaching in universities. These aspects will create new ways to integrate the concept of global citizens into training programs at business schools. Global citizen learning will create the necessary links of social responsibility with sustainable development and ethical principles when implementing the curriculum at business schools. Besides, the paper also outlines how to learn from global citizens and apply that learning method to teaching practice.

The purpose of this study is to present that the entrepreneurial orientation affects to management performance in the small manufacturer. In order to carry out this research, we obtained 171 survey sheets and inspected seven assumptions based on the reliability, validity of the questionnaires. The results of regression analysis are summarized as follows; First, the factor of entrepreneurial orientation, innovative-ness, influences on the technical innovation performance and financial performance significantly. Second, the element of entrepreneurial orientation, proactive-ness, has an important effect on the technical innovation performance and financial performance. Finally, the requisite of entrepreneurial orientation, risk taking, affects to the technical innovation performance significantly, but not the financial performance. Based on the results, the companies that achieve the technical innovation and financial performance have an atmosphere to encourage to perform the research and development works and find out innovative ideas and improvement points in processes. However, the entrepreneur is required to take careful judgement for determining the uncertain circumstance.

This paper is present the Technology Orientation affects to Enterprise Management Performance. In order to carry out this research, we obtained 212 survey sheets and inspected ten assumptions based on the reliability, validity of the questionnaires. The results of regression analysis are summarized as follows; First, the factor of Technology Orientation, research development activity, affects to all factor of Enterprise Management Performance significantly. Second, the factor of Technology Orientation, research development environment, only effect on the technology performance. Third, research development ability is affect to technology performance and new product performance that factor of Enterprise Management Performance. Finally, technology industrialization ability isn’t affects to Enterprise Management Performance significantly. Based on the results, we are recommendations for small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises.

The purpose of this study is to present the Market Orientation affects to Enterprise Management Performance. In order to carry out this research, we obtained 212 survey sheets and inspected ten assumptions based on the reliability, validity of the questionnaires. The results of regression analysis are summarized as follows; First, the factor of Market Orientation, intelligence generation, doesn’t influence on the Enterprise Management Performance significantly. Second, the element of Market Orientation, information dissemination, doesn’t have an important effect on the Enterprise Management Performance. Finally, the requisite of Market Orientation, information response, affects to Enterprise Management Performance significantly. Based on the results, the parts with intelligence generation and information dissemination will be improved in the manufacturer of the small businesses.

New product promotion is an expensive and time-consuming process that suffers from a high failure rate. Scholars have examined the relationships between product introduction and sales force management, but the importance of the sales force in selling new products can still be further explored (Fu, Richards, , Hughes, , & Jones, 2010; Spanjol, Tam, Qualls, & Bohlmann 2011). The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of perceived sales management controls on a salesperson’s new products sales performance (i.e., electronic goods) in a business-to-business context. In addition, the direct, mediated, and moderating influences of market orientation on sales performance will also be investigated.Through the literature reviewed (e.g., Evans, Landry, Li, & Zou, 2007; Matsuo, 2009; Matear, Osborne, Garrett, & Gray, 2002), this paper proposes its hypotheses. In terms of the antecedents of sales performance, this research focuses on the effects of innovativeness (Matsuo, 2009). Second, based on the works of Evans et al. (2007) and Matsuo (2009), this study proposes that management controls (i.e., behavior-based control, knowledge-based control, and output-based control) both directly and indirectly affect sales department performance by first influencing innovativeness. Third, this research intends to examine the effect of organization psychological climate, which is market orientation, on the innovativeness and performance of sales departments (Matear et al., 2002). Finally, this study investigates the moderating effects of an organization’s market orientation on the relationship between sales innovativeness and performance (Matear et al., 2002).EMBA and MBA students were recruited as interviewers to gather data. The companies involved in this study were electronics product manufacturers that were publicly listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange. A total of 315 complete responses were obtained. The target research question was “what are the determinants of a sales department’s new product sales performance?” This study used partial least squares (PLS) to examine the proposed model.This research found that sales department innovativeness is positively linked with new product sales performance. For the effectiveness of management controls, the results show that sales management controls (i.e., output-based control, behavior-based control, and knowledge-based control) positively affect department innovativeness but cannot influence performance directly. As for marketing orientation’s influences, this current research confirmed an organization’s market orientation-ness cannot positively affect sales department’s innovativeness and performance when selling new product. However, market orientation can positively moderate the relationship between innovativeness and performance. Based on the findings of this research, managerial implications have been put forth.

The purpose of this study is to present the Market Orientation effects on Enterprise Management Performance. In order to carry out this research, we obtained 212 survey sheets and inspected ten assumptions based on the reliability, validity of the questionnaires. The results of regression analysis are summarized as follows; First, the factor of Market Orientation, intelligence generation, don’t influence on the Enterprise Management Performance significantly. Second, the element of Market Orientation, information dissemination, don’t have an important effect on the Enterprise Management Performance. Finally, the requisite of Market Orientation, information response, affects to Enterprise Management Performance significantly. Based on the results, the parts with intelligence generation and information dissemination will be improved in the manufacturer of the small businesses.

The purpose of this study is to present that the strategic orientation affects on the green management performance. In order to carry out this research, the samples are reviewed and the ten hypotheses are verified reliably and appropriately. The results of the verification are summarized as follows: First, strategic directivity affects on the green management performance significantly. Second, two factors of the strategic directivity, customer orientation and technology orientation affect on the green performance relatively high. Finally, the two elements of the strategic orientation, competitive orientation and technology orientation affect on the financial performance significantly. In conclusion, this study shows all of the factors of the strategic orientation affect on the green management. In order to get the effective green management, education programs should be conducted by social support systems.

The purpose of this study is to present the Strategic Orientation effects on Green Management Performance. In order to carry out this research we obtained 175 survey sheets, inspect the ten assumptions focused on reliability, appropriateness of the model. Validation results are summarized as follows. First, the Strategic Orientation of significant positive for green management performance affect. Second, the Strategic Orientation with a customer orientation for Green Performance showed positive significant affect. Finally, the strategic orientation of the competitive orientation and technology-oriented, with significant positive impact on the financial performance results showed that about.

The study investigates the relationship between broad-scope management accounting information usage, market orientation, and the firm performance. This study employs a survey data of 149 top-level and mid-level managers working in Vietnamese tourism enterprises. To analyze research data, we employ SmartPLS 3 software. The analytical process include measurement model evaluation (evaluate the scale’s validity and reliability) and structural model evaluation (test research hypotheses). The results reveal that broad-scope management accounting information usage has a positive direct effect on market orientation dimensions (include information generation, information dissemination, and responsiveness). Then, market orientation dimensions also have positive direct effects on the performance of Vietnamese tourism firms, excluding information dissemination. Moreover, this study also reveals that the market orientation dimensions mediate the relationship between broad-scope management accounting information usage and firm performance. The findings of this study suggest that tourism firms should pay more attention to the use of management accounting information in decision-making. With the increasingly fierce competition of the tourism firms today, capturing and meeting the needs of the market is a prerequisite to help firms enhance their competitiveness and improve their performance. To do that, Vietnamese tourism firms need to consider pursuing market orientation and enhancing broad-scope management accounting information usage.

본 연구는 여자농구선수들의 수준별, 일일훈련시수, 자기능력지각별에 따른 성취목표성향과 자기관리의 차이를 규명하고 성취목표성향이 자기관리에 미치는 영향을 분석하는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 현재 KBA와 WKBL에 등록되어 있는 고교, 실업, 프로 여자농구선수들을 대상으로 총 259명을 본 연구의 최종분석 대상으로 삼았다. 성취목표성향과 자기관리의 조사도구는 성취목표지향성질문지(TEOSQ)와 김병준이 개발한 자기관리 질문지가 사용되었다. 이들 척도에 대해 문항분석과 탐색적 요인분석을 거쳐 신뢰도를 분석한 결과 양호한 것으로 나타났다. 수준(고교, 실업, 프로), 일일훈련시수(1회, 2회, 3회), 자기능력지각(상, 중, 하)에 따른 집단별 성취목표성향과 자기관리의 차이를 규명하고자 다변량분석을 시행한 결과 성취목표성향은 일일훈련시수, 자기능력지각에 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였으며, 자기관리에서는 수준별, 일일훈련시수, 자기능력지각에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 나아가 선행연구와 이론적 근거를 토대로 성취목표성향(과제목표 성향, 자아목표 성향)이 자기관리(정신력관리, 훈련관리, 생활관리, 고유행동관리, 대인관계관리, 몸관리)에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 중다회귀분석을 시행하였다. 그 결과 성취목표성향의 하위요인에서 과제목표 성향만이 자기관리의 6개의 하위요인 중 고유행동 관리를 제외한 정신력관리, 훈련관리, 생활관리, 대인관계관리, 몸관리에서 통계적으로 유의한 영향력을 보였다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 성취목표성향과 자기관리에 대한 선행연구와 이론을 바탕으로 논의 하였으며, 미래 연구방향을 제시하였다.

본 연구는 레슬링선수들의 입상유무와 소속팀 그리고 선수경력에 따라서 성취목표지향성과 자기관리 및 스포츠자신감의 차이를 밝히며, 성취목표지향성과 자기관리 및 스포츠자신감의 관계를 분석하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 제26회 회장기전국레슬링대회에 참가한 실업팀, 대학교, 고등학교에 소속된 409명의 남자선수이다. 조사도구는 성취목표지향성 질문지(TEOSQ), 운동선수자기관리 질문지(ASMO), 스포츠자신감 질문지(SSCQ)를 이용하여 자료를 수집하였다. 통계방법은 기술통계분석, 요인분석, 신뢰도분석, 일원 다 변인분석, 단일적 분산분석, 상관분석, 단계적 중다회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 성취목표지향성에서 입상경험이 있는 선수, 실업팀, 선수경력이 많은 선수가 과제지향성 점수가 높게 나타났다. 자기관리에서 입상경험이 있는 선수가 대인관리, 정신관리 그리고 훈련관리의 점수가 높게 나타났다. 실업팀이 그리고 선수경력이 많은 선수가 몸관리, 대인관리, 정신관리 그리고 훈련과리의 점수가 높게 나타났다. 스포츠자신감에서 입상경험이 있는 선수가 신체/정신적 준비의 자신감 점수가 높게 나타났다. 실업팀이 능력입증, 사회적지지, 코치지도력 그리고 신체/정신적 준비의 자신감 점수가 높게 나타났으며, 선수경력이 많은 선수가 코치지도력, 신체/정신적 준비의 자신감 점수가 높게 나타났다. 성취목표지향성, 자기관리 및 스포츠자신감의 관계에 있어서 과제지향성이 자기관리의 하위요인 대인관리, 훈련관리, 몸관리 그리고 정신관리에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 과제지향성과 자아지향성 모두 자신감에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 자기관리의 훈련관리, 대인관리, 몸관리는 능력입증과 사회적지지를, 몸관리와 대인관리는 코치지도력을 대인관리, 몸관리, 정신관리 그리고 훈련관리는 신체/정신적 준비의 자신감에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.