The Gopura in Preah Pithu T temple, which is partially damaged and collapsed, is densely wooded and has a high percentage of humidity due to moats and ponds, the stone materials are not in good condition and significantly damaged due to intrinsic structural defects and other damage factors. The examination of major endangered and vulnerable parts through status analysis is also necessary in order to restore the Gopura in T temple in a more structurally stable state. This study proposes the effective structural safety inspection measures by applying rational structural modeling and structural analysis method reflecting the damage type by construction type and carrying out structural safety evaluation by damage type and member based on the results of analysis.

A new oak mushroom cultivar Lentinula edodes ‘Eomjisong’ (LE23734), was developed by crossing the dikaryotic and monokaryotic strains of ‘KME36298’ and ‘KME36288-1’, respectively. The optimal temperature for mycelial growth of ‘Eomjisong’ on potato dextrose agar was 23–27°C, and was 15–20°C for fruiting body development. The cultivation period of ‘Eomjisong’ was 131 days, which was 3 days shorter than that of the control cultivar ‘Hanacham’. Morphologically, ‘Eomjisong’ showed stipe length and thickness similar to those of ‘Hanacham’, however, the pileus was larger and thicker. Furthermore, the pileus of ‘Eomjisong’ exhibited higher brightness than that of ‘Hanacham’. Productivity tests showed that the total yield of ‘Eomjisong’ reached 555 g, which was approximately 25.6% higher than that of ‘Hanacham’ (442 g). These findings indicate that ‘Eomjisong’ is a promising cultivar with enhanced productivity and morphological advantages over ‘Hanacham’, suggesting its potential for commercial cultivation.

This study proposes a methodology for predicting the physical properties such as the density of polymer composites, including asphalt binders, and evaluates its feasibility by identifying the quantitative relationship between the structure and properties of individual polymers. To this end, features are constructed using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation results and descriptor calculation tools. This study investigates the changes in the calculated density depending on the characteristics of the training dataset and analyzes the feature characteristics across datasets to identify key features. In this study, 2,415 hydrocarbon and binder-derived polymer molecules were analyzed using MD simulations and 2,790 chemical descriptors generated using alvaDesc. The features were pre-processed using correlation filtering, PCA, and recursive feature elimination. The XGBoost models were trained using k-fold cross-validation and Optuna optimization. SHAP analysis was used to interpret feature contributions. The variables influencing the density prediction differed between the hydrocarbon and binder groups. However, the hydrogen atom count (H), van der Waals energy, and descriptors such as SpMAD_EA_LboR consistently had a strong impact. The trained models achieved high accuracy (R² > 0.99) across different datasets, and the SHAP results revealed that the edge adjacency, topological, and 3D geometrical descriptors were critical. In terms of predictive accuracy and interpretability, the integrated MDQSPR framework demonstrated high reliability for estimating the properties of individual binder polymers. This approach contributed to a molecular-level understanding and facilitated the development of ecofriendly and efficient modifiers for asphalt binders.

This study proposes a methodology for predicting properties such as the density of polymer composites, including asphalt binders, and evaluates its feasibility by identifying the quantitative relationship between the structure and properties of individual polymers. To this end, this study investigates the variations in molecular dynamics (MD) results with molecular structural complexity and assesses the independence and correlation of variables that influence density. In this study, MD simulations were performed on hydrocarbon-based and individual asphalt binder molecules. The effects of various temperatures, molecular conditions, and structural features on the density were analyzed. MD-related variables influencing the calculated density were evaluated and compared with experimentally measured densities. The MD-calculated densities were used as target variables in a subsequent study, in which a machine learning model was applied to perform quantitative structure–property relationship analysis.The MD-calculated densities showed a strong correlation with experimental measurements, achieving a coefficient of determination of R2 > 0.95. Potential energy exhibited a tendency to cluster into 4–6 groups depending on the molecular structure. In addition, increasing molecular weight and decreasing temperature led to higher density and viscosity. Torsional energy and other individual energy components were identified as significant factors influencing both potential energy and density. This study provided foundational data for the property prediction of asphalt binders by quantitatively analyzing the relationship between the molecular structure and properties using MD simulations. Key features that could be used in the construction of polymer structure databases and AI-based material design were also proposed. In particular, the integration of MD-based simulation and machine learning was confirmed to be a practical alternative for predicting the properties of complex polymer composite systems.

The chip processing system of large scale machine tool, such as planomiller, turning machine, boring machine and CNC machine, has been continuously used in many industrial fields. As the performance of chip processing system is improved, cutting work with high-precision is also required. This study aims to study the characteristics of the edged part of cutter depending on removing the cutter support in cutter assembly. As the results, the damaged spot in edged part of cutter was different whether the cutter support was installed or not. By removing the cutter support, the safety factor of edged part of cutter was decreased about 4.7 times and furthermore there were some advantages in less than 1.7kN of cutting force.

본 연구는 한국어와 인도네시아어의 신체 관용어를 대조 분석하여 두 언어의 유사점과 차이점을 고찰하였다. 연구 대상으로 『표준국어대사전』 과 『Kamus Ungkapan Bahasa Indonesia』에서 '가슴/간'(50개), '손 '(25개), '입'(25개) 관련 관용어 총 100개를 선정하였다. 이를 (1) 형태와 의미가 유사한 관용어, (2) 형태는 유사하지만 의미가 다른 관용어, (3) 의미는 유사하지만 형태가 다른 관용어, (4) 특정 문화권에서만 존재하는 관용어로 분류하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 의미는 유사하지만 형태가 다 른 관용어가 가장 높은 비율을 차지하였으며, 특히 '손' 관련 관용어에서 60%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 형태와 의미 모두 유사한 관용어는 전반적 으로 균등한 분포를 보였다. 반면, 형태는 유사하지만 의미가 다른 관용 어와 특정 문화권에서만 존재하는 관용어는 상대적으로 낮은 비율을 보 였다. 이러한 결과는 한국어와 인도네시아어의 신체 관용어가 의미적 유 사성을 공유하면서도 형태적 차이를 보이는 경향이 있음을 시사한다. 또한, 문화적 특수성을 반영하는 관용어의 존재는 두 언어 간의 문화적 차이를 보여준다.

The results of data visualisation and analysis of relevant literature on China Knowledge Network (CNKI) with CiteSpace show that China's overall research in the field of emergency language services presents the characteristics of strong interdisciplinarity and practice orientation, and plays an important role in the new crown epidemic. However, the research on language demand in specific scenarios is slightly insufficient, and the systematic construction of talent training system still needs to be improved. Based on the results of the visualisation analysis and the current situation of small language demand and small language education in central Zhejiang, the construction of the emergency small language service talent training system in central Zhejiang requires the establishment of a government-school-enterprise synergistic training model. The government should strengthen policy support and resource integration, while enterprises and social organisations take responsibility for standard setting and technological innovation, and colleges and universities need to strengthen language proficiency and professional knowledge course design. Individual strength requires recognition by society as a whole through the qualification system. In addition, the characteristics of the new era of information technology should be incorporated to promote the concept of small language services through the integration of technologies such as the Internet, big data and artificial intelligence.

As global greenhouse gas reduction regulations are strengthened and the demand for eco-friendly energy increases, renewable energies, including offshore wind power, are growing rapidly. Unlike onshore wind power generation, offshore wind power is located in the ocean. As a result, the offshore wind power substructure is exposed to low temperatures, corrosion, and continuous fatigue loads. Therefore, selecting appropriate materials and welding techniques is crucial for durability. In this study, FCAW welding was performed on S355ML steel (EN10025) for offshore wind power applications. After the welding process, the mechanical properties of the welded joint were evaluated through tensile, low-temperature impact, and hardness tests to assess the welding condition. The study revealed that the tensile and yield strength of the welded joint were superior to those of the base material. Additionally, the impact strength at low temperatures was confirmed to exceed the standard.

본 연구에서는 대류권부터 중층대기까지 전체 대기의 기체상 화학과정을 전지구 규모에서 수치 모의하도록 고 안된 두 가지 대기화학과정(Strattrop와 CRI) 각각을 영국 지구시스템모형(UKESM)에 연동시켜 CMIP6 과거기후 모의 를 수행하였다. 두 대기과학과정에 따른 모의 결과를 재분석자료와 비교하여 기체상 대기화학과정에 따른 전지구시스템 모형의 모의 특성의 변화를 살펴보았다. 단순화된 화학과정인 Strattrop를 기본 장착한 UKESM-Strattrop과 오존 화학과 정을 강화한 CRI 대기화학과정을 연동시킨 UKESM-CRI의 수치 모의는 1981-2010년 약 30년 기간 CMIP6 과거기후 모의이며, 모형의 가동은 CentOS-8 기반 리눅스 클러스터에서 수행되었다. 이 두 모의 실험 결과의 분석은 마지막 10년(2001-2010) 결과만을 이용하였다. 두 모델이 모의한 대류권 지상 기온과 강수량은 전지구 공간 분포와 월별 시계열 의 변동에서 기존에 보고된 결과와 유사하게 나타났고, 대기화학과정에 의한 특징적인 변화는 크게 두드러지지 않았다. 하지만 모델 모의 전지구 평균 기온의 선형 증가율의 경우, UKESM-Strattrop은 ERA5 재분석자료와 비슷한 선형 시간 변화 경향을 보였으나 UKESM-CRI는 더 크게 증가하도록 모의하였다. 에어로졸 광학 두께(AOD)의 공간 분포는 두 모델 모두 사막 지역을 제외하고 MERRA-2 재분석자료와 유사했다. 기체상 화학과정이 강화된 UKESM-CRI는 예상했 던 바와 같이 UKESM-Strattrop 보다 오존전량에서 MSR 재분석자료와 더 유사한 결과를 보였으며, 성층권 오존분포에 서는 MERRA-2 재분석자료에 더 가까운 결과를 보였다. 특히, 적도 성층권에서 나타나는 준격년진동(QBO) 현상과 QBO와 연관된 적도 성층권 오존 농도의 증가와 감소 현상의 모의는 UKESM-CRI가 UKESM-Strattrop 보다 더욱 잘 일치하였다. 이를 통해 보다 정교한 전지구규모 대기화학과정의 도입은 대기 조성 물질의 수치 모의 성능을 향상시키며, 더 나아가 중층대기 Brewer-Dobson 순환(BDC)의 모의에 도움이 됨을 확인할 수 있다.

The rotary type dust remover is a device in which the rake assembly filters and processes clumps in the water while rotating and repeating movements along the track. It is installed in the pump suction part of the drainage pump station and the rainwater pump station to protect the pump to ensure smooth drainage. Since the rake assembly plays a key role in filtering out complications while passing through the water, stainless steel is applied to all components constituting it, and damage or failure due to deformation causes a crisis in case of heavy rain. This is because the existing rake assembly is excellent in rigidity, but all components are assembled by welding, which takes a lot of time for repair and replacement. In this study, shape design for rakes and assemblies of the rotary type dust remover, structural analysis to secure reliability, and demonstration tests were conducted through prototype production. Through this, it is intended to help prevent the stiffness of the joint of the rotary type dust remover from deteriorating, reduce time and cost, and efficient operation.

By developing molds and facilities to horizontally mold the functional part of the dry-cast concrete block, We intend to develop molds and a series of facilities to horizontally mold the functional part of the dry-cast concrete block to increase production per cycle while maintaining existing production methods and major facilities. In order to do so, CAE analysis is first required to develop molds and facilities for horizontally molding the functional part of the drycast concrete block in the horizontal direction. The procedure will be carried out by reviewing the validity of boundary conditions and physical properties, 3D modeling, grid generation, construction of analysis models, model validity, analysis according to frequency changes, and analysis according to physical properties. First, through the comparison of two-point support, three-point support, and two-point and three-point support in the constraint conditions, We would like to compare it with the actual molded product in the horizontal direction.

By developing molds and facilities to horizontally mold the functional part of the dry-cast concrete block, We intend to develop molds and a series of facilities to horizontally mold the functional part of the dry-cast concrete block to increase production per cycle while maintaining existing production methods and major facilities. In order to do so, CAE analysis is first required to develop molds and facilities for horizontally molding the functional part of the drycast concrete block in the horizontal direction. The procedure will be carried out by reviewing the validity of boundary conditions and physical properties, 3D modeling, grid generation, construction of analysis models, model validity, analysis according to frequency changes, and analysis according to physical properties. First, through the comparison of two-point support, three-point support, and two-point and three-point support in the constraint conditions, We would like to compare it with the actual molded product in the horizontal direction. But first of all, it is considered three-point support in the constraint conditions in this paper.

Magnesium alloys, among various non-ferrous metals, are utilized in diverse fields from the automotive industry to aerospace due to their light weight and excellent specific strength. In the previous Part I study, fiber laser BOP experiments were conducted to derive basic welding characteristics and appropriate bu竹 welding conditions. Subsequently, in the Part II experiment, butt welding was performed, and through tensile tests, hardness tests, and cross-sectional observations, it was found that at laser power of 2.0 kW and welding speed of 50 mm/s, 93% of the base metafs tensile strength and 63.4% of its elongation could be achieved. In this Part III experiment, the microstructures of the base metal and the center of the weld were observed in butt-welded specimens. Through this, laser power and welding speed, on the mechanical behavior and microstructure of magnesium alloys were analyzed

This study confirmed the fungal community of rice makgeolli sold in the eastern part of Jeollanam-do using ITS 2 sequence-based metagenome analysis. A total of 18 fungi were found in six makgeolli samples, with Saccharomyces cerevisiae being dominant in all samples at high rates ranging from 96.61~99.96%. The six makgeolli samples were classified into three groups based on the PCoA and UPGMA tree analysis results using the Jaccard distance matrix. Network analysis of the relationships among the 18 identified fungal species helped identify a fungus that demonstrated either a positive or negative correlation with the dominant species, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This study provides important foundational data for understanding the fungal composition in the makgeolli fermentation process.