The present study analyzes a case of a rural village development project to identify characteristics of rural landscape plans. The results of the analysis revealed that in the initial stage, rural landscape plans focused on renovating the livingscape, which included walls, vacant houses, and roofs. Beginning in 2010, landscape improvement projects were divided into areas such as the livingscape, and the village landscape, which included the natural landscape, ecological environment, and urban landscape, and planned to preserve the agricultural landscape and enhance under-developed landscapes. According to an analysis of the Sunchang-gun (a county in Jeollabuk-do, South Korea) area development project, the landscape improvement project was planned as a way of formation a new landscape. This indicates that the project was more focused on creating a new specialized landscape consisting of different areas, than it was on improving and maintaining the existing landscape. The livingscape, among all other components of the rural landscape, was addressed the most frequently by landscape projects, which placed emphasis on improving the landscape of the living environment, not the overall landscape of rural villages. Landscape improvement projects implemented tasks to highlight distinctive characteristics of the target area. For instance, the creation of a themed rest area or characteristic streetscape were treated with importance in all areas. However, landscape projects do not significantly contribute to shaping the overall rural landscape, as they focus on separate facilities instead of considering the overall rural landscape. Given that landscape projects constitute the only landscape-related effort in an area or village, they should be more heavily emphasized in rural village development projects.

1. 농촌개발협력 사업을 대상으로 SDSN의 공개작업반이 목표별로 제안하고 있는 SDGs지표와 선진 공여기관 및 국제기구(DFID, FAO, WB, 한국국제협력단 등)들이 사용하고 있는 기존 지표의 연계가능성을 검토하기 위해 동 분야 국내 전문가들을 25명을 대상으로 설문을 실시한 후 결과를 제시하였음. 2. ‘농업·농촌분야 SDG 지표 활용을 통한 성과 측정 방안’으로 중남미 농업·농촌 분야 개발협력 사업별에 대한 SDGs 기여 정도 측정안을 제시하였고, SDGs 성과지표 활용방안 제시를 위해 최근 KOICA가 추진한 중남미 농업·농촌분야 개발협력 사업 중 볼리비아 종합개발사업을 실례로 선정하여 분석하였음. 3. 농촌개발협력사업의 성과관리를 위해 SDGs 성과지표를 선정하고 SDGs 목표에 대한 기여 정도를 정량화하여 시범적으로 적용하는 방안을 제시함으로써 SDGs 목표별 기여 정도를 측정한다면 향후 우리나라의 개발협력 사업이 국제사회에 기여하는 정도를 정량화할 수 있고 , 이러한 방식의 도입은 보다 효과적인 개발협력 사업 추진을 위한 자료 및 정보를 제공하는 측면에서 의미가 있음.

해외 농촌개발의 계획수립부터 사업완료까지 과정은 의사결정의 연속이며 수혜국에서 사업지역이 선정 되면, 농촌개발 프로젝트 우선순위 결정을 위한 과정이 필요하다. 본 연구는 우선순위 의사결정방법인 AHP를 네팔 극서부 지역의 다델두라 주민을 대상으로 적용하여 준비·실행·분석 과정에서 나타나는 문제점 발견 및 개선방안을 제시하여 AHP 적용 효율성을 증대시키고자 수행하였다. AHP 계층구조는 우선순위 결정을 위한 3가지 평가기준과 8가지 대체요소(프로젝트)로 구성되었다. 평가기준는 쌍대비교를 통해 우선순위를 결정하였고 대체요소(프로젝트)는 요소간의 쌍대비교 경우의 수가 많아지고 일관성이 떨어지는 문제점을 극복하기 위해 절대평가법을 적용하였다. 분석결과, 우선순위 결정 평가기준으로 프로젝트를 통한 수혜자 명수(주민수)를 가장 중요시하는 것으로 나타났으며 교육, 공중보건/위생, 소득증대를 순서적으로 가장 선호하는 프로젝트로 꼽았다. 문제점으로는 여러 번의 사전 설문조사, 절대평가법의 적용, 최소한의 평가기준 설정을 통한 설문지보완이 이루어졌으나 주민들의 쌍대비교 설문에 대한 이해 부족으로 응답의 비일관성 비율이 높아 분석에서 제외되는 설문지 비율이 높았다. 연구 지역과 같은 저개발국가의 농촌지역에서 해외농촌개발 우선순위 결정을 위한 AHP을 적용시 비슷한 현상이 발생할 것으로 예상된다. AHP 적용 효율증대를 위한 세가지 방안을 제안한다. 첫째, 설문 전에 응답대상자에게 평가기준과 대체요소에 대한 충분한 설명을 제공해 준다. 둘째, 영어가 가능한 대상자를 위해 영어와 현지어 설문지를 동시활용하여 응답대상자의 이해도를 높인다. 셋째, 설문지 구성 전에 지역단위 또는 마을단위의 지도자를 소집하여 포커스 그룹 토의에 의한 질적 연구방법을 적용하여 현지의 실제적인 요구를 반영하는 설문지를 구성한다. 이 방법을 통해 도출된 주민요구는 대체요소(프로젝트)를 구성할 수 있는 현실적인 정보를 제공하고 있어 AHP분석의 사전 단계로 활용하는 혼합방법은 분석의 신뢰성을 높여줄 것으로 기대된다.

본 연구는 농촌 활성화를 위한 국가 지원 사업 중 농촌 마을 종합 개발 사업을 대상으로 하였다. 기본계획 수립을 통해 실행되고 있는 권역의 사업내용에 대한 지역별, 연도별 분류를 통해 사업 내용을 분석함으로써 진행된 사업의 내용 및 자원현황을 파악하고 사업내용에 따른 어메니티 자원 활용 정도에 대한 연구를 실시하였다. 농촌마을종합개발사업의 어메니티 자원 활용도 분석을 위하여 7년간(2005~2011) 229개 권역의 사업특성과 자원현황에 대한 내용분석(Contents Analysis)을 실시하였다. 전체 사업은 Excel로 권역명과 사업유형, 세부사업 등 229개 권역의 전수조사를 통해 코딩하는 과정을 거쳤다. 이러한 과정을 거쳐 7개년도의 사업내용과 지역별 사업내용 등 보다 세부적인 분류를 시도하였다. 연구 결과, 전체적인 권역의 시설물자원이 가장 많이 활용되고 있지만 전체적으로 환경관리와 관련된 자원의 활용도는 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 연도별 사업을 통한 어메니티 자원 활용에 대한 변화 추이를 살펴보면 환경관리 자원, 동식물 자원, 수자원을 활용한 사업은 지속적으로 감소하고 있는 것으로 나타나고 있었다. 지역별 사업을 통한 어메니티 자원 활용에 대한 변화 추이를 살펴보면 전라북도와 경상북도에서 가장 높은 비율을 나타내고 있었다. 이러한 결과를 통해 특정한 자원에 집중되어 활용되고 있는 어메니티 자원에 대한 다양한 활용의 필요성이 나타나고 있었고 특히 농촌의 지속가능한 개발을 위한 환경관리에 대한 자원 활용이 요구되어야 한다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

본 연구는 농촌지역 발전 및 주민의 삶의 질 향상을 위해 추진된 정부의 다양한 정책 및 사업의 성과를 분석하기 위해 현재 추진 중에 있는 농촌지역개발사업 중 대표성이 있다고 판단되는 농촌마을종합개발사업을 분석대상 사업으로 선정하였다. 분석을 위해 경남 2개 권역과 전남 2개 권역을 사례연구대상권역으로 선정하였다. 사업에 대한 만족도 분석결과, 전체적으로 사업추진에 있어서 각 지역유형별로 명확한 구분을 통해 만족도를 분석하는 것은 상당한 어려움이 있으나, 전반적으로 지역특성별(농촌지역, 중산간지역)로 주민들의 사업에 대한 이해 및 추진과정에서의 만족도 등은 다소 차이가 있음을 확인하였다. 또한, 전반적으로 농촌지역 2개 권역 주민들이 중산간지역 2개 권역 주민들에 비해 상대적으로 사업 추진 전반에 대해 부정적인 의견을 많이 표출하였다. 향후 원활한 사업추진을 위해서는 주민들의 사업에 대한 이해, 서로 돕고 협력하는 마을 공동체 의식의 복원, 바람직한 리더 육성, 실효성 있는 마을 규약 마련, 개방적·포용적 자세로의 전환과 농촌마을종합개발사업 추진 및 운영방법의 현실화가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

To analyze main factors of size planning of community facilities that were created as part of development of a rural area, the present condition of factors deciding size of community facilities was analyzed, factors that influence size planning by the type of community facility were drawn with Delphi anaysis. The results of analyzing the present condition of size planning factors of community facilities show that facilities have been generally planned as multi-purpose and multi-functional facilities. And on the basis of the purpose of facilities, their functions and organization, and their operation programs, facilities are classified into community-centered, agritourism-centered, and combined ones. Using Delphi analysis, major factors that could affect size planning of community facilities were drawn on 26 community-centered, 28 agritourism-centered, and 30 combined. And the factors tended not to be applied well for size planning of community facilities.

This study aims to make a revitalizing plan for managing and maintaining of facilities which were installed after the rural development projects. The survey was conducted to examine some issues of operating facilities from the developing plan. There were some factors that should be considered in the establishment stage of the project plan when promoting rural development projects. Among them, the preservation and maintenance of rurality, consistency with business plans, connectivity with local resources, and ease of maintenance were less reflective than its importance. And for each facility, systematic consulting on appropriate scale and operational management plans and detailed planning is needed.. It's also necessary to plan action so that the local community can lead. The current or future rural development project will be succeeded when local governments support to strengthening their local groups or people’s abilities.

After it was reorganized as the rural center revitalization project recently, there is an opinion that the nature of the project was changed to solve long-time aspired projects of some districts unlike various projects according to the previous project purposes. Therefore, this study analyzes the current status of revitalization project plans and operation monitoring to make rural center villages, establishes plans that can be applied to the rural center village revitalization project and suggests the improvement plans for monitoring. With the necessity of connectivity with centrality analysis for long-term and sustainable growth of the rural center revitalization project, the analysis on the 8 districts' centrality analysis and the function of the master plan were compared and analyzed, but there is not enough interrelation. Regarding the consulting methods for weak districts to activate facility operation after the project is implemented, the field consulting performed by the collaboration of Gyeongsangnam-do government, Gyeongnam Rural Revitalization Support Center and Gyeongnam branch of Korea Rural Community Corporation shows 87.6% of satisfaction level, which indicates it is the most effective. Based on the above results, it is necessary to reinforce the methods on resident demand survey, dimension and the reflection process of the project when preliminary plans are established for effective implementation of the rural center village revitalization project. It is also necessary to revise relevant standards not to change preliminary plans excessively during the master plan establishment process, and to oblige preliminary investigation of experts. The joint monitoring and consulting systems of experts and local governments should be applied from the establishment stage of the master plan, so that it can be sustainable rural center village revitalization project.

This study aims to offer base line data for efficient conflicts control measures by first, analyzing the current situation of the regional comprehensive development project and second, identifying level, type and cause of the conflicts appeared during the development business promotion. For this purpose, theoretical side of this study establishes a basic frame by reviewing the existing researches in order to analyze the characteristics of the conflicts between the participation subjects in the development business, and the empirical side conducts survey and analysis on the awareness on these conflicts. As a result of the analysis, the survey revealed the followings. First, the respondents were aware of the overall promotions of the business quite positively, second, the conflicts were considered as a major obstacle against the development project promotion just as the other negative factors, third, majority of the responses on the seriousness of the conflicts were neutral which meant that the conflicts could be deepened by situations, fourth, most respondents had positive recognition on the needs of conflict control training and its effectiveness, and last but not least, most respondents of the survey revealed their intentions to take parts in trouble shooting from the conflicts. Based on the results above, we were able to extract several elements to consider preparing the countermeasures for the conflicts. First, specific plan should be arranged and institutionalized in order to control the conflicts between the residents at the initial stage of the development business or even before. Second, the specific plan must lower its threshold for easy participation of the residents in that region and make the residents main body of the conflict control. Third, enhanced conflict control education must be provided to the residents of the region where comprehensive development plan is in progress or being prepared.

This study aims to identify more reasonable and efficient development plans to engage local university students in landscape improvement projects in rural areas. To survey university students, residents, administrators and experts involved in such projects on important considerations in this regard, SWOT analysis was employed to identify important factors, followed by analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to evaluate their relative importance, identify problems and suggest implications for improvement. The results are summarized as follows: the relative importance of the SWOT group was in the order of opportunity, strength, threat, and weakness. For each SWOT factor, the relative importance of strengths was in the order of students’ aspiration and passion, availability of creative ideas and designs, and improved attachment to their community. The relative importance of weaknesses was in the order of the lack of spontaneous participation of residents, short preparation periods and insufficient budgets, and the lack of experience in similar projects. The relative importance of opportunities was in the order of young students’ activity itself being a boost factor to the community, students’ endeavors arising a consensus among residents, and students feeling a sense of duty as representatives of their school. The relative importance of threats was in the order of projects being one-shot, temporary events, immaturity, and differences in preferences between older and younger generations. To draw an overall ranking of the sub-factors evaluated, the overall relative importance of the decision-making factors was evaluated. Among the sub-factors for each SWOT group, young students’ activity itself being a boost factor to the community as an opportunity factor was shown to be the most important, while the lack of experience in similar projects was shown to be the least important as administrators and experts made appropriate interventions in each stage.

The purpose of this study is to introduce a rural development project utilized Participatory Rural Appraisal(PRA), which has been widely developed and applied as an approach and methods for participatory rural development since 1990’s. In the ODA project titled as “Happiness Program”, a comprehensive community development program designed and conducted by KOICA for underprivileged ethnic minorities in Lao Cai province, Vietnam, the villagers were able to analyse the realities of their situations, to plan, to act, and to monitor and evaluate their actions for improvement through all the processes of PRA utilization. Apart from the successful implementation of participatory rural development activities, this project also made a contribution to extending our knowledge about PRA by presenting the monitoring and evaluation system built for the project and the impact analyzed by the system such as increase in villagers’ annual income, expansion of infrastructure, capacity development and etc.

The purpose of this study is to construct a quantitative evaluation method that can analyze the policy effectiveness with the construction of a implicit composite index incorporating spatial econometrics models. In order to propose a methodological framework for the program evaluation, this study conducts an empirical analysis with the application of the Comprehensive Rural Village Development Project (CRVDP) which explicitly claims to achieve comprehensive goal of community development. The present study pays particular attention to quantifying the composite evaluation index and drawing net effect through the application of a series of spatial econometrics models. The spatial unit of the analysis is drawn at Eup-Myeon level in rural areas in Korea, and the time horizon is in between 2005 and 2010. We utilize the Korean Agricultural Census data in 2005 and 2010. Three steps of methodological processes are needed to satisfy the objective of the present study. First, we apply factor analysis to construct the composite index that represents comprehensive settlement environment in rural area. The index should be matched with the main objective of the CRVDP. Second, we apply the derived index to a series of spatial econometrics model as dependent variable. Lastly, utilizing the estimated coefficients of the econometrics models, we apply decomposition technique to estimate CRVDP’s net effect from both cross-sectional and longitudinal perspectives. We find that the results of the decomposition analysis by the execution of the CRVDP are positively associated with the explicit object of the project.

The purpose of this study is to introduce the village project for conservation and improvement of rural tourism village. So, in this study, the current rural tourism village and storytelling planning are examined and the village project presented in village planning is also examined. And this study propose the storytelling implementation of the village project through the case study related with the Susanri in Jeju. The results are summarized as follows. Firstly, it is important that each village projects are storytelling for tourism resource and improve rural tourism village. Secondly, it is necessary to define story range, action planning, and management agency of village projects. Thirdly, it is desirable that the village projects should be carried out as reviving the local community. Comparing to the storytelling tourism plan, there are few rural tourism plans so far, so, it is difficult to applicate the system of the village project, but, continuous studies in this line can help the rural tourism plan to ensure practicality.

The purpose of this study is to understand the master plan of “The project on a comprehensive village development with a unit of a based township” through the master plan analysis and to help understand the implications of this project in order to maintain rural villages that can make local residents satisfied with them and promote the project of comprehensive rural village development as a successful way based on a comparative analysis through the in-site survey. The processes of this study are as follows. First, the analysis of development planning created a drawing based on linking business strategy by each region. The current situation and characteristics of planned public spaces were analyzed through the analysis of location and distribution of public spaces and facilities. Second, the situation analysis was performed by the task of shooting based on the basic plan information, and the master plan and status were confirmed through interviews. Also, the analysis of location and distribution of public spaces and facilities was conducted by a created drawings based on a survey. Finally, the detailed information of public spaces and facilities was compared with the investigation by in-site survey and analyzed through the Master Plan Strategy and a detailed classification of the types of facilities among each regional issues. In addition, by overlapping the planned drawings with the results, the results of formations were confirmed and the planned positional changes and the distribution of facilities were analyzed. As the results of “The project of comprehensive village development with a unit of based township”, it was determined that there were many issues on cultural and welfare facilities in this project to meet the business objectives. Also, the facilities the residents needed, identified by interviews, were rural tourism facilities. According to the results, the residents cherished rural tourism facilities as much as basic living facilities. However, as the results of comparative analysis of public spaces and facilities, it was confirmed that mostly the plan was unfulfilled. Therefore, it is concluded that living, cultural and welfare facilities in the township can be maintained and expanded comprehensively as a purpose of “The project of comprehensive village development with a unit of based township” after not only planning process but also the project is fulfilled actually in rural areas.

In this research, we reappraise saemaul project which is a leading role of rural development in a present perspectives and deduct social and political implications for rural development. For deducting problems and implications, related documents and previous researches are reviewed. Administration statistics are also gathered and analyzed for monitoring detailed projects propulsion progress and results. Samaul project is reappraised based on previous researches such as rural development, regional agricultural production system improvement, agricultural distribution system improvement, leader breeding, income improvement, and governance. Saemaul project has basically positive characteristics because of decreasing growth gap of urban and rural area by empowering cooperation of rural residents, instilling leadership, making village fund, constricting networks of government and urban area for administrative and financial assistant. In conclusion, there are implications that continues interests of most powerful sovereignty and comprehensive assistant of government are needed for overcome agricultural and rural crisis. Saemaulundong is a united and systematic approach in village level. In south korea where most of farms are small size, village or regional level assistants started in saemaulundong are still needed. In regional development, we can infer that will and ability development of participated residents are most basic and important factors for successful project propulsion in saemaul project.

This study is intended to prepare an revitalization plan of region where rural development project is completed through an analysis of the actual condition of facility operation and maintenance in the region where the project is completed. The results of survey of actual condition of facility operation in the region where rural development project was completed showed that the facilities were not self-sufficient in terms of operation and maintenance cost. Therefore, a prerequisite to the revitalization of region where the project is completed is to prepare an alternative plan for increasing the efficiency and applicability of currently already prepared facilities. Second, a project operation organization system should be streamlined and the competency of operation personnel should continue to be strengthened. Third, it is necessary to prepare a support system and establish cooperation networks for increasing the extensibility of project and continuing to induce community revitalization in the region where the project is completed in the future.

The aim of this study is to establish resident-participative primary design of integrated rural development project with master planner by setting principals of open competition and transparent decision-making about village-to-village or business-to-business unit enterprise in Onui area, Hong-seong Gun. For effective processing, software projects such as residents education and rural landscape planning are simultaneously conducted for enhancing project understanding and comprehensive development plan including related post project. Above all, competition teams for individual project were organized to establish the resident-participative primary design using survey tables of residents demand. In 6 months resident-participative processing of primary design, continuous education and visiting to advanced area are conducted in team unit. Strengthened ability of team unit can be used in management and maintenance after project development. To do this, residents with the same opinions gathered as one competition team and identified business plans such as village asset, business location, size, program, and method for land securing. Favorable decision-making process by residents who are audience in project presentation of competition team has conducted. After selecting competition teams, continuos consulting are operated for establishing operation and management for developed or remodeled facilities through repetitive education and visiting advanced area. In this process, unit project suggested by competition team are completed. Preliminary selection was conducted by experts who were entrusted by residents. After residents agreement of project main stream such as major facilities and location, final detailed cost of projects are work out. Suggested process in this study which choose the final project by residents would improve residents' voluntary participation in integrated rural development project through open competition in establishing primary design.

Although the bottom-up rural area development project was conceived with great expectations, the general evaluation of the project so far reveals that it does not significantly differ from projects carried out in a top-down manner. This paper examines the nature of the bottom-up rural area development project with a focus on its background, including the roles of authority and project participants. Results revealed that the project was designed to be implemented in line with the state affairs ideology of the leader in a negative position of bureaucratic society. Though the form of implementation for the project seemed bottom-up as seen in the process of the roles and authorities in supporting organizations the top-down method of implementation can be seen in the authorities and roles of the central government. It was also noticed that the private sector, designed to elicit participation of various experts, looked to be managed and controlled by public organizations. The abovementioned signifies that the Korea rural area development project has been implemented not in a bottom-up manner but rather in an ever-strong top-down manner, which means that the central government holds more responsibility for the project's results, evaluation, and discussions. Furthermore, as seen in the background of the project, policies have been implemented in a top-down manner without the confidence of the bureaucratic society. Therefore, in order to implement a proper bottom-up rural area development project, there is a need for the bureaucratic society to have confidence in the rural societies.

In this study, we try to quantify resident's conflict by rural development project based on previous researches about community capacities required for residents and social networks in rural village for suggesting efficient project model. we analyzed conflict elements in six category such as 'conflict in residents', 'conflict in residents and leaders', 'conflict in leaders', 'conflict in villages', 'conflict in development fund', 'conflict in village by common income project'. These results also analyzed by personal background(age, role, education, income) of respondent in questionary survey. Results show that 'conflict in residents and leaders', 'conflict in leaders', 'conflict in development fund' are perceived differently by age, role, education, and income in 5% significance level. Especially, relatively young age(below 40 years old) expressed clearly about conflict and high scored in item of 'residents and leaders'. Regression model show statistical significance(F=39.807, P=0.000) in influence relation analysis of conflict, network, leadership, and project fund. In this model, network β=-0.237, leadership β=-0.375, project fund β=-0.000 show network and leadership have negative relation to conflict but project fund is difficult to find relation with conflict. In this study, we defined social vulnerability using conflict, network, and leadership and verified the vulnerability of rural village applying regional community capacity in analysis results; vulnerability increased by the size of region and show inverse correlation to future vision of residents.