방아벌레과에 속하는 제주도청동방아벌레(신칭)을 신종으로 보고한다. 본 종은 제주도 고유종으로, 국내 근연종들과 구별이 쉽도록 종 검색 표와 진단형질을 제공한다.

이탄 토양으로부터 분리된 세균의 유기물 분해능, 항균 활성 및 식물생육촉진능을 확인하고 다 기능성 유용 미생물을 확보하고자 하였다. 분리된 48 균주를 대상으로 β-glucosidase, cellulase, amylase, protease 생성능을 확인한 결과, SH-23, SH-26, SH-29 그리고 SH-33 균주가 우수 균주로 선발되었다. 선발된 유기물 분해 우수 세균 4 균주는 식물병원성곰팡이(Botrytis cinerea, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Colletotrichum acutatum)에 대한 항진균 활성을 나타내었다. 유기물 분해능이 우수하고 식물 병원성 곰팡이에 대해 항진균 활성을 나타낸 SH-26 균주를 최종 우수균주로 선발 하였다. 선발된 SH-26 균주의 16S rRNA 유전자 염기 서열을 결정한 결과, Pseudomonas knackmussii HG322950 B13T, Pseudomonas citronellolis BCZY01000096 NBRC 103043T, 그리고 Pseudomonas delhiensis jgi.1118306 RLD-1T 와 100%의 상동성을 나타내었다. Pseudomonas sp. SH-26 균주는 siderophore 생성능, 질소고 정능과 Indole-3-acetic acid 생성능이 있는 것으로 확인되었다.

The family Baetidae is known to be the most species-rich family in the order Ephemeroptera. The genus Baetis contains up to 160 species, but members of the genus in East Asia are still poorly investigated. In this paper, Baetis spinoculis sp. nov., is described based on larval specimens collected in a stream of the Chiaksan mountain in Korea. While four species in the genus have been described in Korea: Baetis fuscatus (Linnaeus), B. silvaticus Kluge, B. pseudothermicus Kluge, and B. ursinus Kazlauskas, this new species is distinguished from other Korean baetid species by both genetic and morphological characteristics. B. spinoculis can be separated from the related B. pseudothermicus group by the COI genetic distant. The cuticle structures on paraproct plates and abdominal pigment patterns also distinguish B. spinoculis from B. pseudothermicus and other related species.

The box tree moth (BTM, Cydalima perspectalis Walker) is a pest that infests various plants within the Buxus genus. Although a specific parasitoid wasp species associated with the BTM has been observed in the Republic of Korea, no research on this species has been published. Here we describe the fundamental biological and morphological characteristics of this parasitoid. We placed the wasp under the genus Eriborus (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Campopleginae). Eriborus sp. parasitizes within the living host body, with one wasp emerging from each host. The parasitism rate in collected BTM populations was 33.1%. The emergence rate was 87.1%, with all emerging adults being females, resulting in a sex ratio of 0. The pupal period averaged 9.5 days, and the adult lifespan averaged 10.5 days. Eriborus sp. parasitized BTM larvae from the first to the fourth instar and reproduced by parthenogenesis. Eriborus sp. exhibited morphological differences compared with previously reported Eriborus species in Korea, particularly in the length of the ovipositor sheath. In addition, the proportion of the highest similarity in nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I DNA was only 94.53%, rendering species identification using GenBank’s mt cytochrome c oxidase 1 DNA sequences unfeasible. These data suggest Eriborus sp. could be used as a biological control agent for managing BTM infestations.

The present study describes Philodromus paiki sp. nov., which was previously misidentified as P. fuscomarginatus (De Geer, 1778), P. poecilus (Thorell, 1872), and P. spinitarsis Simon, 1895 in Korea, as a new species with diagnosis, detailed descriptions, and taxonomic photographs. Additionally, P. spinitarsis is also described to correct previous misidentifications of Korean records of the species.

인삼부산물 및 인삼밭 토양에서 분리한 9균주 중 β-Glucosidase 생성 균주 GYP-1과 GYP-3-3 균주를 선발하였다. 선발된 β-Glucosidase 생성 균주에 대하여 16S rRNA 유전자 염기서열과 ITS 염기서열을 기반으로 계통 분석을 실시한 결과, GYP-1 균주는 Rhodotorula 속에 속하며, GYP-3-3 은 Brachybacterium 속에 속하는 것으로 확인되었다. 특히, Rhodotorula sp. GYP-1 균주는 호기성 효모 종으로 biomass 생산량이 높아 최종 우수 균주로 선발하였다. Rhodotorula sp. GYP-1가 생성하는 β -Glucosidase의 온도 및 pH에 따른 효소 활성 및 안정성을 검정한 결과, 30 ℃에서 6.7 unit/ml로 가장 높은 활성을 나타내었고, 20 ℃ ∼ 40 ℃에서 효소 활성의 약 70 ％ 이상을 유지하는 것으로 확인하였다. pH에 따른 효소의 활성 및 안정의 경우, pH 5에서 6.8 unit/ml으로 가장 높은 활성을 나타내었고 pH 5∼ pH 8까지 93.3 % 이상의 효소 활성을 유지하는 것으로 확인하였다. Rhodotorula sp. GYP-1가 생성하는 β-Glucosidase는 ginsenoside Rb1 minor 진세노사이드로 분해하는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한, 인삼 뿌리 병원균(Botrytis cinerea)에 대해 항진균능을 갖는 것으로 확인되었다.

This study was conducted on four types of laver soup prepared using recipes from Gangwon-do (GW), Gyeongsangnamdo (GN), Jeollanam-do (JN), and the media (MD). Salinities, soluble solids, free amino acids, color values, turbidities, and pH values of soups were measured, and sensory evaluations were done. pH values were significantly higher for GW and GN recipes than the JN and MD recipes (p<0.05). The salinities of JN and MD were significantly higher than those of the other soups (p<0.05). Regarding soluble solids, JN had the highest at 2.64oBrix, whereas GW had the lowest at 0.86 °Brix (p<0.05). GW and JN had higher concentrations of valine, phenylalanine, and glutamic acid (p<0.05). JN had significantly higher redness (a) than the other soups but significantly lower lightness (L) and yellowness (b) (p<0.05). Regarding transmittance, GW had a significantly higher value (67.67%T) than the other soups. JN and MD had higher acceptability results than GW or GN in terms of flavor, mouthfeel, and overall acceptability. Sensory intensity evaluations revealed that JN and MD had higher “soy sauce aroma” and “saltiness” and a greater “broth turbidity” than the other soups. These results indicate that the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of regional laver soups differ.

Hymenobacter 속(genus)은 Bacteroidota 문(phylum), Hymenobacteraceae 과(family)의 대 표 속(type genus)이다. 이 속에 속하는 세균들은 붉은색 색소를 함유하는 그람 음성 간균으로서, 자연 계의 다양한 환경에서 분리되고 있다. 본 연구에서 붉은색 색소를 함유하는 그람 음성 간균이 경남 창 원시 소재 창원대학교 교내의 연못에서 분리되었고, 이 세균은 균주 B2로 명명되었다. 균주 B2를 계통 분석 및 생화학적으로 분석한 결과, Hymenobacter 속에 속하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이 세균의 16S rRNA 유전자 염기서열을 genbank의 BLAST로 분석해 본 결과, 다른 어떠한 세균과도 16S rRNA 유전 자 염기서열의 상동성이 새로운 미생물로 인정되는 기준인 98.7%보다 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 균주 B2 의 지방산을 분석해 본 결과, 주된 지방산은 summed feature 3(C16:1 ω7c and/or C16:1 ω6c, 22.8%), iso-C15:0(16.2%), anteiso-C15:0(12.9%), C16:1ω5c(12.4%) 및 summed feature 4 (iso-C17:1 I/anteiso-C17:1)(9.5%)인 것으로 밝혀졌는데, 결과적으로 균주 B2의 지방산 함량은 다른 Hymenobacter 종들의 지방산 함량과 뚜렷한 차이가 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이 세균의 16S rRNA 유전자 염기서열 은 genbank에 accession number OQ318247로 등록되었다.

Climate change is a major global problem. Oysters, one of the most representative farmed fish in Korea, are attracting attention as candidates for blue carbon, an alternative to carbon neutrality. This study is analyzed by the SSP scenarios to determine the impact of oyster aquaculture production according to climate change. Based on the analysis, future productions of oysters are predicted by the SSP scenario. Significant differences by the SSP scenario are confirmed through predictive power tests among scenarios. Regression analysis was conducted from January 2001 to December 2014. As a result of the analysis, water temperature, water temperature quadratic term, salinity, salinity quadratic term, and month × water temperature cross term were estimated as significant variables. Oyster production which is predicted by the SSP scenario based on the significant variables from 2015 to 2022 was compared with actual production. The model with the highest predictive power was selected by RMSE and MAPE criteria. The predictive power was compared with the MDM test to determine which model was superior. As a result, based on RMSE and MAPE, the SSP1-2.6 scenario was selected as the best model and the SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, and SSP3-7.0 scenarios all showed the same predictive power based on the MDM test. In conculusion, this study predicted oyster aquaculture production by 2030, not the distant future, due to the short duration of the analytical model. This study was found that oyster aquaculture production increased in all scenarios and there was no significant difference in predictive power by the SSP scenario.

농업 재배지 토양으로부터 auxin 생성세균 KSD16, KSD33 그리고 KSD36를 분리하였다. 분리 균주 KSD16, KSD33 그리고 KSD36 는 16S rRNA 유전자 계통분석을 통해 Arthrobacter 속으로 분류되 었다. 이들 균주는 R2A배지에 0.1% L-tryptophan를 첨가한 배지에서 28℃, 48 시간 배양한 결과, auxin 의 일종인 indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)를 204.4 mg L-1 생성하는 것으로 확인되었다. IAA 생성세균의 녹 두종자 발아에 미치는 영향을 확인한 결과, Arthrobacter 속 균주 KSD16, KSD33 그리고 KSD36 는 대조 군에 비해 뿌리길이와 발근수가 증가하였다. Arthrobacter 속 균주의 녹두 성장촉진 효과를 확인한 결과, 녹두의 발아율이 대조군보다 73.4 % 증가하는 특징을 나타내었다.

Microalgae are a group of photosynthetic microorganisms living in the water. They are in the spotlight as biostimulators and biofertilizers in modern renewable and sustainable agriculture system, attributed to characteristics such as photosynthetic, and metabolism of various industrial wastes and to increase production when treating crops. Scenedesmus sp. CHK0059 is also one of the microalgae with these characteristics, and it has been reported to suppress various diseases in crops and promote the health of vegetables. However, the mode of action that has a positive effect on plants is not yet well understood. This study was designed to focus on the modulation in diversity change of plant microbiota community, which was the result of the preliminary study, and to determine the direct changes in microbial members that trigger the diversity change in the Arabidopsis model system. As a result, there was no change in the phenotype of Arabidopsis and the microbiota community structure in the rhizosphere during the treatment period, but two bacteria genera, Brevibacterium and Pseudomonas, dominance in the rhizosphere was positively correlated with the CHK0059 treatments. And the bacteria had a positive network correlative relationship with 24 other bacteria. Our findings suggest that the application of microalgae was correlated with several microbiota members in the rhizosphere and was expected to affect the microbiota community structure modification in long-term treatment.

Although probiotics have been shown to improve health when consumed, recent studies have reported that they can cause unwanted side effects due to bacterial-human interactions. Therefore, the importance of prebiotics that can form beneficial microbiome in the gut has been emphasized. This study isolated and identified bacteria capable of producing biopoymer as a candidate prebiotic from traditional fermented foods. The isolated and identified strain was named WCYSK01 (Wissella sp. strain YSK01). The composition of the medium for culturing this strain was prepared by dissolving 3 g K2HPO4, 0.2 g MgSO4, 0.05 g CaCl2, 0.1 g NaCl in 1 L of distilled water. The LMBP(low molecular weight biopoymers) produced when fermentation was performed with sucrose and maltose as substrates were mainly consisted of DP3 (degree of polymer; isomaltotriose), DP4 (isomaltotetraose), DP5 (isomaltopentaose), and DP6 (isomaltoheptaose). The optimization of LMBP (low molecular weight of biopolymer) production was performed using the response surface methodology. The fermentation process temperature range of 18 to 32oC, the fermentation medium pH in the range of 5.1 to 7.9. The yield of LMBP production by the strain was found to be significantly affected by q fermentation temperature and pH. The optimal fermentation conditions were found at the normal point, and the production yield was more than 75% at pH 7.5 and temperature of 23oC.