오늘날 기업경영은 인간 중심의 접근으로 전환되고 있으며, 구성원을 통해 목표를 달성하는 경영 패러 다임 속에서 리더십의 중요성이 더욱 강조되고 있다. 특히 조직성과는 리더의 역량과 통합 조정 능력에 크게 좌우되기 때문에, 리더십은 경영의 핵심 요소라 할 수 있다. 본 연구는 변혁적 리더십이 조직시민행동과 혁신행동에 미치는 영향을 분석하고, 이 과정에서 조직공정성(분배·상호작용)의 조절효과를 확인함으로써 바람직한 리더십 방향을 제시하고자 하였다. 2024년 3 ∼4월, 국내 증권거래소 상장 제조기업 종업원 700명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였고, 최종 574매(응 답률 82%)를 분석에 활용하였다. 분석 결과, 변혁적 리더십은 두 행동 모두에 유의미한 긍정적 영향을 미쳤으며, 특히 조직시민행동에는 분배공정성, 혁신행동에는 상호작용공정성이 핵심 조절요인으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 리더십 효과를 극대화하기 위해 조직 내 공정성 확보가 필수적임을 시사한다. 다만 본 연구는 제한된 리더십 유형과 자 기평가 중심의 방법론에 머물렀다는 점에서 한계를 지닌다. 향후 연구는 다양한 업종과 평가방식을 포함 한 입체적 분석이 요구된다.

β-Resin was extracted by solvent separation of refined coal tar pitch. Several analytical methods revealed that β-resin had a better aromatic plane packing structure and a higher number of carbon residues, making it ideal for mesophase transformation. The mesophase transformation process of β-resin (the formation of liquid-crystalline spheres, the growth of mesophase spheres, and the coalescence and disintegration of mesophase spheres) was observed in situ using a polarizing microscope with a hot stage. Moreover, the mesophase transformation mechanism of β-resin was investigated at each transformation stage. The mesophase content and mesophase transformation kinetics were analyzed based on the area method and quinoline insoluble (QI) substitution method. Both methods revealed changes in the mesophase content of β-resin. However, the test results of the two methods were slightly different at the initial stage of mesophase transformation and tended to be consistent during the later stage.

To determine the cause of the population decline in Gobiobotia naktongensis, substrate preference and burying behaviour were investigated in this study. In general, the species was shown to prefer a substrate size of 1 mm or less, depending on the flow. In addition, the burying depth varied according to the size of the fish and increased with a decrease in water temperature. Our findings showed that the main cause of the population reduction was the physical changes in the substrate structure due to the dams or barrages construction. Notably, the accumulation of silt and mud in the substrate upon the formation of an upstream lentic water region for structural construction and bed armouring caused by scouring and reduced downstream inflow of fine sediment were deterministic in the fish habitat changes, causing problems in burying. As sand substrate structure is critical for the survival and inhabitation of psammophilous species, efficient strategies should be developed with proper habitat management to reduce the anthropogenic damage

We aimed to investigate the effect of environmental enrichment via toys on the behaviour and performance of weanling pigs. A total of 300 pigs (LYD) were housed in different pens with ten pigs per replicate and ten pigs per head divided into 3 groups. Group 1 was called “CON” and received no toys, group 2 was TOY-2, and pigs in this group had access to toys in the first 2 weeks, and lastly, pigs in TOY-4 were given toys in the fourth week. The pigs had access to feed and water ad-libitum. The individual pig behaviours in each group was recorded on days 14 and 28 (d 14 and 28) with a video camera for accuracy. The results showed higher (p<0.05) overall ADG in TOY-4 compared with CON, while the overall ADFI was higher (p<0.05) in TOY-supplemented groups compared to CON. Diarrhea incidence and fecal score were lower on D 14 in TOY-supplemented groups compared with CON. Behavioural features such as ear biting and fighting were lower (p<0.05) in TOY-supplemented groups compared with CON on D 14. Tail biting was lower (p<0.05) in TOY-2 compared with CON at D 14. Conversely, at D 28, tail biting was lower (p<0.05) in TOY-4 compared with CON. The ADG improved due to the toy supplied to reduce undesirable social behaviours. We concluded that the environmental enrichment of pens with toys can help to improve the welfare in weaning pigs, leading to a greater survivability and more production thereby improving farmer incomes.

Numerous studies suggested that Generation Z (Gen Z) is an age group that seeks individuality more than other generations. Their aesthetics, identity, and belief must represent their self-value. The consumption of fashion was selected as a focus of this study. Our consumption of fashion represents our value, and we construct and present our identity with physically what we wear when we face society daily. Looking at the fashion styles of Generation Z, this study aims to examine whether Generation Z in Hong Kong practice individuality or conformity in the course of their fashion consumption behaviour by a preliminary study. Generation Z perceives their fashion consumption behaviour to reflect their individualism and values. However, the findings suggest that there is a high degree of conformity among Generation Z's fashion consumption behaviour. This conformity is observed in the creation of a distinctive fashion style, which is influenced by the cultural aesthetics, values, and preferences of Generation Z, resulting in a unifying effect that goes unnoticed by the individuals. This complex formation of Generation Z fashion consumption behaviour has a complex implication to fashion marketing, where both the sense of exclusivity and conformity must both be exhibited to satisfy the consumption needs of Generation Z.

The growing concerns about sustainable consumption encourage more consumer research on determinants that influence consumers’ green behavior. Although green consumption has risen for several decades, green adoption rates are often overestimated. This study rationalizes that developing strategies that follow human prehistorical roots may be effective in encouraging green consumption. This notion is supported by Miller (2009) regarding the reversal of direction to explaining consumer behaviour through human evolution and individual differences. Green strategies should focus on determining attributes that display specific characteristics favoured by respective peer groups. The current study introduces two evolutionary-focused priming stimuli as an ancestral motive to understand consumer behaviour. The selected evolutionary-focused stimuli represent the foundational modes in the evolutionary psychology of (1) mating (i.e. short-term mating) or (2) parenting (i.e. long-term parenting) modes. These different distinct modes are predicted to trigger different individual decisions based on each Sexual Selection strategy to pursue (Buss & Schmitt, 1993). Following Griskevicius’ et al. (2010) assertion that status signaling through pro-sociality is one of the primary green signaling mechanisms, this study further attempts to investigate the moderating effect of costly signaling. Therefore, this study aims to provide a conceptual framework with propositions on the role of evolutionary psychology in consumer decision-making in the green product context. The study proposes that viewing family-focused stimuli will induce higher buying intention on green products than viewing mating-focused stimuli. However, this effect may be moderated by costly signals.

One of the main challenges brands face nowadays is the ability to provide a real-life experience through online platforms. The aim of this study is to analyze an AR try-on app versus a website, considering consumers self-concept and testimonials. To this end, an online survey was conducted, in which respondents were exposed to two of four scenarios: AR APP or website experience, and positive versus negative reviews presence. Our findings indicate that ideal self-congruence impacts both, purchase intention and confidence. The present study positively contributes to the AR and self-concept literature, while opening new avenues of research for both academics and practitioners.

Recently, the luxury sector has witnessed a significant rise in luxury consumption, reaching £233 Billion in 2022 (Statista, 2022). This rise demonstrates the growing popularity of the luxury consumption phenomenon globally. However, the climate crisis may impact future trends in luxury consumption (Gardetti and Muthu, 2019). The luxury sector has endorsed a considerable growing demand for sustainability from environmental and ethical luxury consumers. In recent years, concerns have grown around the ethicality of supply chains, where consumers develop contradictory feelings and beliefs, veering between conscious and hedonistic decision-making (Kleinhaus, 2011; Helm, 2020; Wang et al. 2021). Moreover, consumers face a conflict between choosing what they believe is ethically right and indulgence (Hennigs et al. 2013). The supply chain plays an important role in achieving sustainability goals, and yet some researchers argue that the luxury supply chain can involve ethical and environmental breaches in terms of labour and raw materials, such as use of leather and fur (Klerk et al. 2018). However, some luxury brands such as Stella McCartney and Vivienne Westwood are focused on sustainability and the use of vegan raw materials (YNAP, 2021).

By merging Bourdieu's cultural capital with self-determination theory, this study aims to better understand smoking cessation behaviour in Egypt. The results demonstrate that the accumulation of cultural capital satisfies three fundamental needs, contributes to the self-determination theory's motivating forms, and serves as an independent cause for smoking cessation in Egypt.