본 연구는 기계식 앵커와 FRP를 새로운 시스템으로 복합하여 새로운 메커니즘의 Hybrid 앵커모델의 파괴형태중 균 열을 영상기반으로 프로세싱하여 균열탐지하는 메카니즘을 제시하였다. 기존의 cascade mask R-CNN 방식보다 탐지율과 효율성 이 우수한 Dense-UNet 기법을 활용하여 균열탐사기법에 활용하였다. 기존의 균열 뿐 아니라 앵커주위의 Round crack도 함께 탐 사되어 앵커 설치후 초기 균열 탐사에 효율성을 크게 가질 수 있다고 판단된다. 따라서 향후연구에서는 이미지 프로세싱 타임 을 줄이면서 정확도를 높일수 있는 Post-Processing이 보완된다면 균열탐사 및 오탐을 줄이는데 크게 효과적일 것으로 사료된다. 또한 피사체와 카메라와의 거리를 계산하여 알고리즘에 고려한다면 구조적 균열기준인 0.3 mm의 균열 탐사에도 활용할 수 있 는 효과적인 기법이라 판단된다.

최근 FRP 보강공법의 보강성능 저하 요인으로 발생하는 박리파괴를 방지하고자 다양한 앵커리지 시스템이 개발되고 있다. 본 연구는 기존 사용되고 있는 기계식 정착 앵커와 FRP 앵커를 복합하여 새로운 메커니즘의 Hybrid 앵커모델을 개발하였다. Hybrid 앵커를 개발하기 위해 다양한 종류의 기계식 앵커와 Carbon 및 Aramid 섬유를 조합하였다. 개발된 다양한 앵커모델에 대한 특성을 평가하고자 Pull out 강도 실험을 수행하였다. 예비 실험 결과 Drop-in 앵커와 Undercut 앵커의 경우 낮은 정착력으로 적용에 한계가 있었다. Stud 앵커는 높은 정착력을 확인하였으며, 앵커와 FRP를 결합하기 위해서는 일체화가 중요한 것으로 나타났다. 일체화를 위해 앵커 내부에 홀을 천공하여 FRP rod를 결합하는 형태로 I-Hybrid 앵커를 제작하였다. I-Hybrid 앵커 의 경우 앵커 내부 홀에서 뽑히는 거동을 보였다. 따라서 향후 연구에서 I-Hybrid 앵커가 일체화된다면 FRP 박리파괴 저감에 효과적일 것으로 사료된다.

This paper presents experimental results for evaluating bond strength of FRP Hybrid Bars(HYB). In order to confirm the bond strength of HYB, direct bond strength tests were performed on 20 specimens. 20 specimens made of deformed steel bars were also tested for relative comparison. HYB and deformed steel bars were embedded in a concrete block with a size of 200 mm and different attachment lengths were applied depending on the diameter of the reinforcing bars. During the test, load and relative displacement(slip) were measured and the load-displacement behaviors of all specimens were analyzed from the measured results. The maximum bond strength of deformed steel bars were higher than that of HYB regardless of its diameter. However, after the maximum load, the deformed steel bars were more dominant than the HYB in the sudden load reduction tendency.

In this study, the long-term performance of FRP Hybrid Bar made by hybridizing FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymer) with ordinary reinforcing steel bars was experimentally examined as a part of the development of alternative materials for RC (reinforced concrete) structures especially located in marine or harbor areas. In order to evaluate the field exposure of the FRP Hybrid Bar, the specimen was prepared and the corrosion behavior was evaluated by letting the specimen exposed to the field conditions in the west coast of South Korea. The purpose of this study is to provide important data as a material countermeasure to reduce corrosion of reinforcing steel in future marine port concrete structures based on the results obtained through this study.

This paper presents experimental and analytical results for predicting tensile behavior of FRP Hybrid Bar(HYB). In order to confirm the tensile behavior of HYB wrapped with glass fiber reinforced polymer(GFRP) on deformed rebar, direct tensile tests were performed on 8 specimens. The diameter of the HYB was considered as a test variable and the tensile load, displacement, and tensile strain of each specimen were measured by tensile test. In order to predict the tensile behavior of HYB, numerical analysis based on tensile model of each material was performed. The tensile models of reinforcing bar, glass fiber, and resin, which are the constituent materials of HYB, are assumed to be simple shapes according to their material properties. The results of the numerical analysis through the strain compliance condition of each material were compared with the experimental results and both results showed consistent trends. The experimental and analytical ratios for yield and ultimate loads were 1.02 and 1.00, respectively, and the coefficient of variation were 3.61 and 2.54, respectively. However, a maximum of about 9 mm error occurred due to the slip generated by the direct tensile test in the comparison between the experimental results and the analytical results for the tensile displacement.

ber reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcing bars for concrete structure have been extensively investigated and a number of FRP bars are commercially available. However, major shortcoming of the existing FRP bars is low elastic modulus compared to conventional steel bars. Because of these reasons, FRP Hybrid Bar which have the concept of material hybridization(synthetic resins, deformed bar, glass fiber etc) for concrete structures have been developed. One of main features of this bar is corrosion resistance and this is important to confirm this anti-corrosion capacity of FRP Hybrid Bar. In this study, galvanic corrosion current behavior of 3 types of specimens, including two types of FRP Hybrid Bars and one conventional steel rebar, was investigated under the 0%, 1.5%, 3% and 6% salt water ratio condition. The result of this study can be used to evaluate the applicability of FRP Hybrid Bar to concrete structures.

GFRP(Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Plastic) has a superior corrosion resistance, high specific strength/stiffness, etc. Therefore, such properties can be used to mitigate the problems associated with the use of conventional construction materials. In this study, the various rib and pitch distance of hybrid fiber GFRP bars were evaluated by experimental method. From the test result, thirty two types of FRP hybrid bars such as spiral type with the dimension of rib geometry were fabricated. To evaluate the bond properties of them, direct pull-out test was performed. All testing procedures including specimen preparation, set-up of test equipment and measuring devices were made in accordance with the recommendations of ASTM D 7913. From the test results, it was found that cross type hybrid GFRP reinforcing bars showed the highest bond strength than that of the others due to the higher relative rib area.

During the last two decades, fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcing bars for concrete structure have been extensively investigated and a number of FRP bars are commercially available. However, major shortcomings of the existing FRP bars are its high initial cost and low elastic modulus compared to conventional steel bars. Because of these reasons, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology (KICT) in Korea has developed the FRP Hybrid Bar which have the concept of material hybridization for concrete structures, especially for marine and waterfront concrete structures. This developed bar is new type material in construction field, verification of long term performance is very important for commercialization. In this paper, verification methodology on long term performance(corrosion, flexural behavior etc) of FRP Hybrid Bar is suggested.

To overcome shortcomings of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP), a hybridized FRP rebar was developed by the authors. This hybrid bar herein called “FRP Hybrid Bar” was fabricated by adopting advantages from two different materials, including glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP). Corrosion resistant characteristics of FRP Hybrid Bar were evaluated and the test results were explained in this paper. The use of the alternative reinforcement could allow concrete structures to extend life-span, to save maintenance and repair costs, etc. if the FRP Hybrid Bar was applied to RC structures located in a very corrosive environment, such as marina or harbor areas.

GFRP(Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Plastic) has a superior corrosion resistance, high specific strength/stiffness, etc. Therefore, such properties can be used to mitigate the problems associated with the use of conventional construction materials. In this study, the various rib and pitch distance of hybrid fiber GFRP bars were evaluated by experimental method. From the test result, thirty two types of FRP hybrid bars such as spiral and cross type with the dimension of rib geometry were fabricated. To evaluate the bond properties of them, direct pull-out test was performed. All testing procedures including specimen preparation, set-up of test equipment and measuring devices were made in accordance with the recommendations of ASTM D 7913. From the test results, it was found that cross type hybrid GFRP reinforcing bars showed the highest bond strength than that of the others due to the higher relative rib area.

FRP Hybrid Bar, composite structures composed of synthetic resins, deformed bar and glass fiber, was invented in order to solve corrosion of rebar in reinforced concrete structures. In order to bond deformed bar and glass fiber to FRP Hybrid Bar, synthetic resins is used. Curing time of the synthetic resins greatly affect productivity. If curing time of synthetic resins is short, cost of facilities is reduced and productivity is increased. Also, If this curing time is shorter or omitted, FRP Hybrid Bar can be commercialized. So, it can cause mass-production and substantial economic effect. Therefore, in this paper, optimum mix proportion is observed in order to increase economic efficiency of FRP Hybrid Bar and reduce curing time of synthetic resins. Total 9 variables are set, adjusting ratio of hardener ratio, and 3 resin moulds on each variables are fabricated. Optimum mix proportion is suggested based on data measured by temperature sensor.

This study presents an experimental study on compressive and flexural strengths of concrete reinforced by 3D Fiber Reinforced Polymer(FRP). This study is intended to investigate the potential of 3D FRP concrete composites against impact or explosive loadings. For the comparative study, non-reinforced specimen and specimens reinforced by 3D FRP are constructed and tested. 20mm×10mm 3D fiber and 25mm×20mm 3D fiber was set to be variable.

Due to the advantageous mechanical properties of the fiber reinforced polymeric plastics(FRP), their application in the construction industries is ever increasing trend, as a substitute of structural steel which is highly vulnerable under hazardous environmental conditions (i.e., corrosion, humidity, etc.). In this study, hybrid FRP-concrete composite pile (HCFFT) connection is suggested. The HCFFT is consisted of pultruded FRP unit module, filament wound FRP which is in the outside of mandrel composed of circular shaped assembly of pultruded FRP unit modules, and concrete which is casted inside of the circular tube shaped hybrid FRP pile. Therefore, pultruded FRP can increase the flexural load carrying capacity, filament wound FRP and concrete filled inside can increase axial load carrying capacity. In the study, connection capacity of HCFFT(small and mid size) is investigated throughout experiments and finite element method. From the results of experiments, we suggested the connection methods about HCFFT pile connection.

Pile foundations constructed by the fiber reinforced polymer plastic piles have been used in coastal and oceanic regions in many countries. Generally, fiber reinforced polymer plastic piles are consisted of filament winding FRP which is used to wrap the outside of concrete pile to increase the axial load carrying capacity or pultruded FRP which is located in the core concrete to resist the bending moment arising due to eccentric loading. In this paper, the analytical procedures of hybrid concrete filled FRP tube flexural members are suggested based on the CFT design method. Moreover, the analytical results are compared with the experimental results to obtained by the previous researches. The results of comparison analyses are performed to estimate the accuracy of the analytical procedure for hybrid FRP-concrete composite compression test, members under eccentrical loading.

This study proposes flexural failure design criteria of continuous slabs enhanced by a hybrid system of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) and ultra high performance concrete (UHPC). The proposed hybrid retrofit system is designed to be placed at the top surface of the slabs for flexural strengthening of the sections in both positive and negative moment zones. The enhancing mechanisms of the proposed system for both positive and negative moment regions are presented. The neutral axis of the enhanced sections in positive moment zone at flexural failure is enforced to be in UHPC overlay for preventing the compression in FRP. From this condition, a relationship between design parameters of FRP and UHPC is established. Although the capacity of the proposed retrofit system to enhance flexural strength and ductility is confirmed through experiments of one-way RC slabs having two continuous spans, the retrofitted slabs failed in shear. To prevent this shear failure, a design criteria of flexural failure is proposed.

An FRP(fiber reinforced polymer)-concrete hybrid hollow offshore wind power tower was proposed. To design this new-type wind tower, a design program was developed. It can design optimized sections automatically with the consideration of material nonlinearities. When the outer diameter and requested capacities of the hybrid tower are given, the developed program performs axial force-bending moment interaction analyses for one thousand sections of the tower and suggests ten economically optimized designs. The analysis considers material nonlinearities of concrete and FRP, and the confining effect of concrete. By using the developed program, example design processes were performed for a 5.0MW turbine and a 3.6MW turbine. The designing process was performed for the loads of wind power turbine and wind load. The designed section and analysis results showed the developed program suggested rational and satisfactory section designs.

본 연구에서는 한국산업표준에서 제시하는 콘크리트 강도 시험용 공시체를 이용하여 콘크리트 보강용 FRP의 부착 성능을 평가하기 위한 실험방법을 제안하고 이에 따라 FRP의 부착성능을 평가해 보도록 한다. 따라서 탄소섬유와 유리섬유로 이루어진 FRP를 두 겹으로 보강하여 양생한 철근 콘크리트 보에서 보강재의 탈락이 유도될 수 있도록 실험체를 설계하고, 3점 재하 시 적절한 파괴형상 및 부착강도가 나타나는 지를 실험을 통해 관찰하였다. 실험결과, 보강재의 탈락으로 인한 파괴가 유도되었으므로, 본 연구에서 제안된 실험방법을 통하여 크기가 작은 일반강도 콘 크리트 실험체에서 FRP의 부착강도를 평가할 수 있는 것으로 사료된다.

본 연구는 하이브리드 FRP로 보강된 철근 콘크리트 보의 구조거동 예측을 목표로 구조해석을 수행하여 기존에 발 표된 실험 연구 데이터와 비교하였다. 보다 정확한 구조해석을 위하여 현존하는 다양한 부착강도 모델을 검토한 후, 이 중 콘크리트 피복분리를 예측하는 Teng and Yao model과 FRP 탈락 현상을 예측할 수 있는 Smith and Teng model을 유한요소 해석 모델에 포함시켰다. 비선형 재료 및 형상 역시 구조해석 모델에 포함되었으며 이렇게 해석 된 결과는 실험결과와 비교하여 유사한 경향을 나타냈다. 그러나 다양한 하이브리드 FRP로 보강한 철근 콘크리트 보의 파괴모드를 보다 정확하게 예측하기 위하여 현존하는 수치식의 수정 및 도입이 필요하다.