PURPOSES : The number of snowfall and the amount of snowfall are gradually increasing, and due to the characteristics of Seoul, which has a lot of traffic, it is difficult to respond quickly with a snow removal method that relies on snow removal vehicles. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an IoT based eco-friendly snow removal system that can respond to unexpected heavy snow in winter. In this study, the low temperature operation and snow removal performance of the IoT road condition snow removal detector and the snow removal system using CNT and PCM are evaluated in the climatic environment chamber. METHODS : To make artificial snow, it consists of an climatic environment chamber that can simulate a low temperature environment and equipment that can supply compressed air and cold water. Depending on the usage characteristics of the climatic environment chamber, use an air-water type snow maker. In order to make artificial snow, wet temperature, which takes into account the actual air temperature and the amount of moisture in the air, acts as the most important variable and is suitable for making snow, below –1.5 ℃. The lower the water temperature, the easier it is to freeze, so the water source was continuously supplied at 0 ℃ to 4 ℃. One of the two different pipes is connected to the water tank to supply water, and the other pipe is connected to the compressor to supply high-pressure air. Water is dispersed by compressed air in the form of many small droplets. The sprayed microscopic water particles freeze quickly in the low temperature environmental climatic chamber air and naturally fall to the floor, forming snow. Based on the KS C IEC 60068-2-1 cold resistance test standard, an integrated environmental test procedure was prepared to apply to IoT-based snow removal systems and performance evaluation was performed accordingly. The IoT based eco-friendly snow removal system is needed to in winter, so visual check and inspect the operation at the climatic chamber before setting up it to the actual site. In addition, grid type equipment was manufactured for consistent and reliable snow removal performance evaluation under controlled environmental conditions. RESULTS : The IoT-based eco-friendly snow removal system normally carried out the task of acquiring data and images without damaging the appearance or freezing in a low temperature environment. It showed clear snow removal performance in areas where PCM and CNT heating technology were applied to the concrete slab. This experiment shows that normal snow removal tasks can be carried out in low temperature environments in winter. CONCLUSIONS : The integrated environmental test procedures and grid type evaluation equipment are applied to low temperature operation and snow removal performance evaluation of snow removal systems. In the climatic environment chamber, where low temperature environments can be simulated, artificial snow is created regardless of the season to derive quantitative experimental results on snow removal performance. PCM and CNT heating technology showed high snow removal performance. The system is expected to be applied to road site situations to preemptively respond to unexpected heavy snow in winter.

In the engineered barrier system of deep geological disposal repository, complex physicochemical phenomena occur throughout the entire disposal time, consequently impacting the safety function. The bentonite buffer, a significant component of the engineered barrier system, can be geochemically altered due to the changes in host rock groundwater, temperature, and redox condition. Such changes may have direct or indirect effects on radionuclide migration in case of canister failure. Therefore, a modeling tool that accounts for coupled thermal-hydraulic-mechanical-chemical (THMC) processes is necessary for the safety assessment. To this end, the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) has developed the APro, a modeling interface for conducting safety assessment of deep geological disposal repository. The APro considers coupled THMC processes that influence radionuclide migration. Here, the solute transport considering thermal and hydraulic processes are calculated using the COMSOL multi-physics, while geochemical reactions are carried out in PHREEQC. The two software are coupled using a sequential non-iterative operator splitting approach, and transport of non-water H, non-water O, and charge were additionally considered to enhance the coupling model stability. Finally, the applicability of APro to simulate long-term geochemical evolution of bentonite was demonstrated through benchmark studies to evaluate the effects of mineral precipitation/dissolution, temperature, redox, and seawater intrusion.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of ImmunoSEB as an immune-booster additive on the performance of broiler chicks. A total of 1150 broiler chickens were randomly allotted to three treatments on the basis of body weight (10 pens per treatment with 40 broilers in each pen): the control (CON), CON + ImmunoSEB 0.025% in feed (SEB25), and CON + ImmunoSEB 0.050% in feed (SEB50). The experiment was conducted for d 42 in three phases (phase 1, d 0–14; phase 2, d 15–28; and phase 3, d 29–42). There were significant differences in the average daily gain (ADG) and feed intake. The ADG at d 14 in the SEB50 treatment was greater than that in the CON treatment. The overall ADG in the SEB50 treatment was greater than that in the CON treatment. During d 0–14, the feed intake of chickens in the SEB50 treatment increased compared to that in the CON treatment. The crude protein and lysine digestibility improved in the SEB25 and SEB50 treatments compared to those in the CON treatment at d 28. Superoxide dismutase concentration significantly increased in the SEB50 treatment compared to that in the CON treatment. The interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α concentrations were higher in the cecum of chickens in the CON treatment than in the SEB25 and SEB50 treatments. A lower population of E. coli was detected in the ileum and cecum of broilers fed the SEB50 diet compared to those of broilers fed the CON diet. The overall result showed the beneficial effects of using ImmunoSEB at a dose of 0.050% in broiler chickens.

A telesounder is a device that can monitor the appearance of fish in the sea on land and store fish detection data. This study was conducted to monitor the appearance of fish resources in coastal or near seas by using LTE communication for data transmission of the telesounder. The purpose of this study was to develop a prototype telesounder that can monitor the appearance of fish groups in the waters about 50 km away from the coast and store fish detection data. In this study, the prototype telesounder including a fish finder, communication device and battery for stable operation at sea was developed. The stability of telesounder buoy, data transmission/reception and expected use time were investigated. The expected use time of the telesounder using LTE communication with a lithium battery (12 V, 120 Ah) was about 274 hours under the conditions of 10 minutes off and 10 minutes on, about 520 hours under the conditions of 30 minutes off and 10 minutes on, and about 142 hours under continuous conditions. As a result of the sea test, it was found that the telesounder can be used in the sea area moved about 34 km from the land and the telesounder buoy was evaluated to have secured basic stability (buoyancy balance, waterproof, antenna strength, etc.) for operation in a marine environment.

위험유해물질(HNS, Hazardous and Noxious Substances)은 해상운송 과정에서 다양한 사고에 노출되어 있어 많은 양이 바다에 유출 될 우려가 있다. HNS 유출에 따른 해양환경의 손상은 유류 유출에 의한 손상보다도 훨씬 큰 것으로 알려져 있다. 특히 해저로 침강하여 침적되는 HNS는 해저생태계에 돌이키기 어려운 피해를 주게 되므로, 반드시 회수되어야 한다. 해저로부터 HNS를 회수하기 위해서는 해저침적 HNS에 대한 정확한 탐지, 안정화 처리 및 회수를 위한 절차와 장비가 필요하다. 그 중에서도 기계적 회수장치를 개발하기 위해서는 성능지표를 이용하여 성능요건을 선정하고, 이를 토대로 기계적 회수장치에 대한 개념설계가 이루어져야 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 해저침적 HNS의 회수 절차에서 요구되는 기계적 회수장치에 대한 개념설계안을 제시하였다. 개념설계안으로 해저침적 HNS를 회수하기 위한 기본 시나리오를 제시하고, 자체적 밀폐 성능을 가지는 흡인 기초를 활용하는 방안을 채택하였다. 기계적 회수장치는 흡인 기초, 오 염 방지, 펌프 시스템, 제어 시스템, 모니터링 장비, 위치정보 장비, 이송 장비, 탱크로 구성된다. 이러한 개념설계안은 기계적 회수장치의 부품 및 형상을 결정하는 기본설계에 반영되어 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

Vietnam is a developing country with impressive economic achievements in recent years. Efficient logistics system is considered the key to success of Vietnam’s development, especially when its economy relies on import, export and foreign investment. Since 2007, Logistics Performance Index (LPI) issued by the World Bank has been used as a trustworthy signal for the condition of a country’s logistics system. In 2018, Vietnam’s LPI shows a spectacular improvement by increasing 25 ranks and stands at the 39th position in the global ranking. It is also the best position for a lower-middle income economy in the ranking. The paper aims to reveal the current situation of Vietnam’s Logistics system behind this remarkable increase of the LPI ranking. Both the statistical and empirical analyses will be applied to answer the proposed Hypothesis and Sub-Questions for better understanding on Vietnam’s LPI. It is concluded that despite of a sudden rise in the LPI results, Vietnam’s logistics system has not shown a significant improvement. In order to maintain the LPI rank in the top 50 in the world, Vietnam needs to continue making efforts to develop synchronous logistics system to gradually solve current problems.

국내 고준위 방사성폐기물 심층처분시스템에 대한 프로세스 기반의 종합성능평가체계(APro) 개발을 위하여 사용자 편의성이 향상된 모델링 인터페이스를 구축하였다. APro의 모델링 인터페이스는 프로그래밍 언어인 MATLAB을 이용하여 구축되었고, 다중물리현상 모사가 가능한 COMSOL과 지화학반응 계산이 가능한 PHREEQC를 계산 엔진으로 활용하여 연산 자분리 방식을 적용하였다. APro는 모델링 영역을 기존의 정형화된 처분시스템으로 제한함으로써 모델의 자유도는 낮지만, 사용자 편의성을 향상시켰다. 처분시스템에서 고려되는 주요 현상들을 모듈화하였고, 이를“Default process”와 다수의“Alternative process”로 구분하여 사용자가 선택할 수 있도록 함으로써 모델의 유연성을 높였다. APro는 크게 입력자료 부분과 계산실행 부분으로 구성된다. 기본 입력자료는 하나의 EXCEL 파일에 일정한 포맷으로 정리되고, 계산실행 부분은 MATLAB을 이용하여 코딩되었다. 최종적인 전체 계산 결과는 독립적인 COMSOL 파일 형태로 생성되도록 하여 COMSOL을 이용한 계산 결과의 후처리가 가능하도록 하였다.

A connected control method for the adjacent buildings has been studied to reduce dynamic responses. In these studies, seismic loads were generally used as an excitation. Recently, multi-hazards loads including earthquake and strong wind loads are employed to investigate control performance of various control systems. Accordingly, strong wind load as well as earthquake load was adopted to evaluate control performance of adaptive smart coupling control system against multi-hazard. To this end, an artificial seismic load in the region of strong seismicity and an artificial wind load in the region of strong winds were generated for control performance evaluation of the coupling control system. Artificial seismic and wind excitations were made by SIMQKE and Kaimal spectrum based on ASCE 7-10. As example buildings, two 20-story and 12-story adjacent buildings were used. An MR (magnetorheological) damper was used as an adaptive smart control device to connect adjacent two buildings. In oder to present nonlinear dynamic behavior of MR damper, Bouc-Wen model was employed in this study. After parametric studies on MR damper capacity, optimal command voltages for MR damper on each seismic and wind loads were investigated. Based on numerical analyses, it was shown that the adaptive smart coupling control system proposed in this study can provide very good control performance for Multi-hazards.

본 논문에서 온라인 쇼핑몰에 적용을 목적으로 2차원 이미지에 기반한 가상 의상 착용 알고리즘을 설계하고 개발하였다. 기존의 가상착용 시스템은 3차원 의상 및 사용자 정보에 기반하여 비용과 시간이 많이 들어가는 문제를 가지고 있다. 본 시스템은 최근 급격히 발전된 딥러닝기술과 컴퓨터 그래픽스 기술을 활용한다. 우선, 패션영상을 시멘틱 분할 네트워크를 사용하여 옷과 신체를 영상분할하고, 자세 네트워크를 사용하여 의상과 사용자의 골격정보를 확보한다. 이 두 가지 정보를 바탕으로 의상의 골격위치와 사용자의 골격위치를 일치시킴으로서 변형에 필요한 변수를 확보하고 이를 바탕으로 영상 변형을 하여 가상착용을 수행한다. 실험결과 단순한 기하형태의 옷과 선 자세를 유지하는 패션사진과 사용자사진의 경우 만족스러운 변형 결과를 얻을 수 있었으나 다양한 의상의 형태나 자세를 갖는 경우 원만한 착용결과를 얻을 수 없었다. 완벽한 시스템은 존재할 수 없으므로 현재 기술로 적용 가능한 의상의 범위와 문제 상황을 자세히 분석하여. 이를 바탕으로 추후 연구를 방향을 설정할 수 있도록 하였다.