As the number of enlistees decreases due to social changes like declining birth rates, it is necessary to conduct research on the appropriate recalculation of the force that considers the future defense sufficiency and sustainability of the Army. However, existing research has primarily focused on qualitative studies based on comprehensive evaluations and expert opinions, lacking consideration of sustained support activities. Due to these limitations, there is a high possibility of differing opinions depending on perspectives and changes over time. In this study, we propose a quantitative method to calculate the proper personnel by applying system dynamics. For this purpose, we consider a standing army that can ensure the sufficiency of defense between battles over time as an adequate force and use battle damage calculated by wargame simulation as input data. The output data is the number of troops required to support activities, taking into account maintenance time, complexity, and difficulty. This study is the first quantitative attempt to calculate the appropriate standing army to keep the defense sufficiency of the ROK Army in 2040, and it is expected to serve as a cornerstone for adding logical and rational diversity to the qualitative force calculation studies that have been conducted so far.

In this study, based on the System Dynamics (SD) methodology, the interrelationship between the factors inherent in the operation of the New Technology Certification System (NTCS) in Korea was identified by a causal map containing a feedback loop mechanism in connection with ‘new technology development investment’, ‘commercialization of new technology’, and ‘sales by new technology’. This conceptualized causal map was applied to the simulation of the operations of the New Excellent Technology and Environmental Technology Verification System (NET&ETV) run by the Ministry of Environment among various NTCSs in Korea. A SD computer simulation model was developed to analyze and predict the operational performance of the NET&ETV in terms of key performance indices such as ‘sales by new technology’. Using this model, we predicted the future operational status the NET&ETV and found a policy leverage that greatly influences the operation of the NET&ETV. Also the sensitivity of the key indicators to changes in the external variables in the model was analyzed to find policy leverage.

In this paper a concept of the paradigm shift in the operations of Water and Wastewater systems regarding the production and usage of water was introduced. Based on this concept the interrelationships between the water quality in the upper basin of NakDong River relative to Busan and the degree of satisfaction of the customers on the water supply service in Busan were modeled using the System Dynamics modeling methodology. SamRangJin basin area was determined as the upper basin of Busan after analyzing the relationships between the water quality of MoolGeum water intake point and water quality data of various mid- and upper water intake points along NakDong River. The amount of contaminants generated in SamRangJin basin was modeled using the Gross Regional Domestic Product in the area and the treated amount was calculated using the efficiency of wastewater treatment and the degree of improvement of environmental condition per investment. The water quality at MoolGeum water intake point was modeled to take the effects of the remaining amount of contaminants after treatment and the non-point source contaminants in SamRangJin basin. Using the developed System Dynamics model the effects of the investment for the improvement of environmental condition in SamRangJin basin were compared to the case of alternate water source development for Busan in terms of the degree of satisfaction of the customers on the water supply service in Busan.

In this paper, a System Dynamics(SD) computer simulation model has been developed to assess the effects of developing and providing an alternate water source. A water service index was also developed to estimate the level of overall customer satisfaction on water supply service. Data from the Busan water supply service and the Korea Development Institute regarding the Nak Dong river bank storage development were utilized during the modeling processes. Some important indicators of the system under study were analyzed by the simulations of development of the alternate water source for Busan. The developed SD model and the water service index can be further utilized as a tool that can assess the extent and timing of an additional service improvement project.

본 논문에서는 시스템 다이내믹스(System Dynamics, SD) 방법론에 입각하여 하수도 시스템의 운영지표들과 이에 영향을 미치는 외부변수들로 구성된 피드백 루프 메커니즘(Feedback Loop Mechanism)을 관로유지관리와 연관하여 규명하고, 외부변수의 변화에 따른 운영지표의 변화를 예측함으로써 하수도 시스템의 효율적인 운영 및 유지관리 방안을 모색할 수 있는 SD 컴퓨터 모의 모형(Computer Simulation Model)을 개발하였다. 개발된 모형에 부산광역시 하수도 시스템의 과거 운영 자료를 적용함으로써 모형을 검증하였고, 미래의 운영 상황을 예측하였다. 그 결과, 하수도보급률은 이미 목표치에 거의 도달하여 큰 변동이 없을 것으로 예측되었으며, 하수처리효율과 하수처리량, 요금현실화율은 점차 증가할 것으로 예측되었다. 또한 정책 지렛대의 발견을 위해 시스템에 큰 영향을 미치는 주요 운영지표를 선정하여 외부변수의 변화에 대한 민감도 분석을 수행하였는데, 그 결과 관로 유지관리와 연관된 외부변수는 하수처리효율의 변화뿐만 아니라 시설이용률, 하수처리량 등의 변화에도 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다.

본 논문에서는 시스템다이내믹스(System Dynamics, SD) 방법론에 입각하여 상수도 시스템의 운영에 내재된 피드백 루프 메커니즘(feedback loop mechanism)을 상수관로의 유지관리와 연관하여 규명하고, 관로 상태의 변화가 전체 시스템에 미치는 영향을포함한 상수도 시스템의 운영지표를예측하여 상수도 시스템의 효율적인운영 및 유지관리를 지원할 수 있는 SD 컴퓨터 모의 모형(simulation model)을 개발하였다. 개발된 모형은

If a system has a large boundary and complexity, forecast's accuracy will be very low when consider the system's substance as black box. Thus, it is necessary that analysis by structure model. To examine competition in Northeast Asia Ports, it has assumed that the form of structure model, For which the System Dynamics method is adapted in this paper. Northeast Asia Ports Model includes five ports - Pusan, Kobe, Yokohama, Kaoshiung, Keelung, - which are adjacent to each other by geographically and has a competition relation. The Northeast Asia Ports Model has several sub-systems which consists of each unit port models. And, each unit port model found by quantitive, qualititive factors and their feedback loops. All effects which components of one port have influence to components of the rest ports must be surveyed in order to construct Northeast Asia Ports Model, but it may be impossible currently. In this paper Northeast Asia Ports Model was simplified by HFP-Hierarchical Fuzzy Process Method -adapted to integration of level variables of unit port model. Container cargo volumes in Northeast Ports Model is distributed by results of HFP method. And, distributed container cargo volumes effected to unit port model. Developed model can estimate change of container cargo volumes in competitive relation by alternation of simple parameter, and reflects dynamics characteristics which are included in model.