Probiotics is known improve the microenvironment of colon; however, the metagenomic DNA study of its lactic acid bacteria in constipation induced by loperamide is not clearly understood. In the present study, we investigated the reduction of the lactic acid bacteria in case of constipation, in normal and loperamide-induced rat. Lactic acid powder (lactic acid bacteria 19) was prepared from Chong Kun Dang Pharmaceutical Corporation. After 2 weeks of oral administration, the group treated with the higher concentration of lactic acid bacteria (109 CFU/mL per kg of body weight) following loperamide treatment was the most effective in increasing number, weight, and water content of feces. A similar but significant increase was found in the group treated with lower concentration of lactic acid bacteria (107 CFU/mL per kg of body weight) after loperamide treatment. The concentrations of acetic acid and propionic acid in feces in the loperamide-induced rat with high concentration lactic acid, were significantly higher than that of others. Furthermore, gastrointestinal transit ratio as well as the length and area of intestinal mucosa were significantly increased after treatment with lactic acid bacteria in loperamideinduced rat. Metagenomics DNA analysis indicated that the microorganism homology in cecum was similar between the groups of normal (NOR) and HIG. Our results show that lactic acid bacteria were effective in improving the constipation.

The quality characteristics, total phenolic content, anthocyanin content, and DPPH radical scavenging activity of rice nutritional bar with added powder of aronia byproducts were investigated in this study. The rice nutritional bar was prepared by adding aronia byproducts powder at concentrations of 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6%. The pH of the rice nutritional bar batter was lowered for the control and 2% aronia byproducts powder was added. The moisture content, baking loss rate, leavening rate and specific volume of the rice nutritional bar decreased with as the aronia byproducts powder content increased. In relation to measurements of the colors of the rice nutritional bar crust and crumbs, as the content of aronia byproducts powder increased, the L and b values decreased while the a value increased. From texture analysis, the hardness and chewiness increased according to the level of added aronia byproducts powder, but the springiness and cohesiveness decreased. The total phenolic content, anthocyanin content, and DPPH radical scavenging activity showed the highest values in the rice bar with 6% aronia byproducts powder added. According to a sensory evaluation, overall preference was highest for the rice bar with 4% added aronia byproducts powder, whereas the color and taste was rated higher for the rice bar added with 4% and 6% aronia byproducts powder.

Photoaging is the main extrinsic aging factor that is induced due to UVB. Many studies have revealed that application of hyaluronic acid to the skin is effective in healing photoaging. However, the effect of hyaluronic acid through oral administration is unclear. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect on skin photoaging after oral administration of hyaluronic acid. During a ten week study, hyaluronic acid was fed to hairless mice, which were illuminated by UV radiation. After ten weeks, wrinkle indicator and histological changes were determined. Compared with the control group, the sample group had a decrease in wrinkle depth, thickness, and number. Especially, the HA 160 mg/kg group had a similar value of wrinkle depth (19.44±0.75 μm), number (654.00±98.34), and thickness (1.35±0.08 mm), when compared with the RA (retinoic acid) group (19.28±0.95 μm, 653.57±83.54, and 1.34±0.07 mm respectively). Also, the treated group showed improved elastosis and decreased collagen degradation resulting from UV irradiation. Thus, we can conclude that hyaluronic acid has a positive effect in improving skin photoaging induced by UV radiation. Hyaluronic acid therefore has the potential to be an ingredient in skin health function foods.

품종별 수확시기에 따른 떫은 감의 품질변화를 분석하고 이를 이용한 곶감제조를 통해 고품 질의 곶감 생산을 위한 곶감의 식품학적 특성을 분석 하였다. 고품질의 곶감 생산을 위해서는 품종별 떫은 감의 적절한 선택과 적정숙도를 갖춘 과육을 선별하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 미숙과의 경우 수분함 량, 색도값이 적숙과 및 완숙과에 비해 낮은 값을 보인 반면 경도는 높게 나타났다. 고품질의 곶감의 생 산하기 위해서는 최소한 적황색 혹은 녹황색인 적숙과 이상의 떫은 감을 사용해야 한다.

1. 호주는 최근 몇 년간 반복된 가뭄과 홍수로 강수량이 불 규칙해지면서 쌀 생산에 차질이 있었으며, 평년의 강수량을 기 록할 경우 호주의 쌀 생산량은 연간 80 ~ 100만톤 정도 될 것 으로 추정된다. 2. 호주의 한국 쌀 수출은 교민시장 위주로 접근하고 있으 나, 현지시장에 진입하려면 가격격차를 줄이는 것이 가장 시 급하다고 판단되며, 일본에서 수출되는 쌀과 비슷한 수준으로 미국이나 호주 쌀에 비해서 우수한 것으로 인정되고 있다. 3. 최근 호주는 일식이 대중화되는 추세에 부응하여 초밥용 쌀 시장을 집중적으로 공략할 필요성이 있다고 판단된다. 4. 호주에서 쌀을 비롯한 우리나라 농산물의 수출이 증가하 고 있으나 그를 취급하는 유통업자가 소규모로 분산되어 있어 규모화가 필요하다고 판단된다. 5. 한국 쌀 수출증대를 위한 개선방안으로 KOTRA, 농수산 식품유통공사 등 현지사무소를 확장하고 우리나라 음식문화와 연계한 마케팅 활동 강화가 요구된다.

팽이버섯 내에 존재하는 GAD 효소를 발효를 통해 활 성화 시켜 MSG를 GABA로의 전환율을 높이고자 하였다. 효과적인 고농도 GABA를 생산하기 위해 나노분말 팽이 버섯에다가 수경재배한 인삼을 첨가하여 야쿠르트발효기 에서 발효한 결과 GABA 전환율은 팽이나노인삼분말 발 효군(88%) > 팽이분말 발효군(52%) > 팽이나노분말 발 효군(44%) 순으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 MSG를 기질 로 첨가하는 식품에서 활용할 가치가 있으리라 사료된다.

큰느타리버섯의 아미노산을 함량을 분석하고, 70% 메 탄올, 95% 발효주정, 물 추출물의 항산화 활성을 측정하 였다. 아미노산 17종류 분석결과 필수아미노산에서는 체 내 단백질을 구성하는 Phe의 함량이 가장 높았고, 비필수 아미노산에서는 감칠맛을 내는 Glu가 가장 높은 함량을 보였다. DPPH 라디칼 소거능에서는 ASI 2887이 70% 메 탄올, 95% 발효주정, 열수 추출용매별로 34.37±1.19, 34.66±5.46, 40.97±1.65 mg/g으로 소거능을 보였고, 아질 산염 소거능 역시 열수추출물이 다른 추출물보다 소거능 이 높았으며 ASI 2820이 70% 메탄올, 95% 발효주정, 열수 추출물에서 각각 21.45±2.73, 33.32±1.06, 33.31±2.65 mg/g으로 추출용매에 상관없이 높은 아질산염 소거능을 보였다. 폴리페놀 함량도 열수 추출물에서 가장 높은 함 량을 보였고 가장 높은 함량을 보인 것은 ASI 2887로 DPPH 라디칼 소거능과 유사한 관계를 보이는 것을 확인 하였다. 큰느타리버섯은 아미노산과 생리활성 물질의 다 량 함유하고 있어 기능성 식품 및 건강식품으로서의 활용 이 기대된다.

This study was carried out with the goal of improving accessibility for farmers in record management. The pre-survey for farm records found that the main reasons for lack of records were “no need” and “no time” to keep such records. Based on the results of the pre-survey of smartphone-based farm recordkeeping, the major composition articles were management books, daily work logs, analysis books and additional books compiled by setting log in, notice and suggestions. The number of smartphone- based farm record books was 4,430 nationwide. We also updated farms keeping records on seven occasions for user convenience. Regional differences in the utilization ratio of record books showed that continuous promotion and education aimed at users were key points of success for farm recordkeeping books.

Recently, food delivery apps are seeing rapid growth into a market worth 1 trillion won under a simple but unique business model of connecting nearby restaurants with consumers via smartphone. Though basic similarities with social commerce exists in aspects such as mail-order sales intermediaries, startups, types of services and market competition structure, food delivery apps resemble social commerce in many ways in that they use excessive marketing to secure market dominance, causing a spike in consumer complaints. If the excessive marketing and increase in customer complaints are not rectified, the food delivery app could also see rapid decline as it gradually grows distant from consumers, just like social commerce. Accordingly, this study will identify the factors consumers recognize as important for continuous use vis-a-vis social commerce and food delivery apps to perform an empirical analysis on what areas need improvement. After deriving the four upper factors of product, information system and service along with eight sub-factors by referring to existing literature, the areas with opportunity for improvement were derived through satisfaction level and relative importance evaluation. The results of this study present a strategic direction for maintaining customers of social commerce and food delivery apps.