This study was to investigate the influence of parent attachment, perception and attitudes about family mealtime on the smart phone addiction in adolescents. Study variables were attachment to father, attachment to mother, and perception and attitudes about family mealtimes. Middle school student in Seoul and Kyounggi province participated and total 596 questionnaire were analysed. SPSS WIN 18.0 were used in data analysis. As study results, significant factors influence on smart phone addiction were attachment to father, perception and attitudes about family mealtimes, frequence of family mealtimes, gender, grade, and use of SNS. These variables explained adolescents' smart phone addiction for 28.9% and perception and attitudes about family mealtimes were the variable which show the highest explanation. Smart phone addiction was higher as lower an attachment to father, as lower perception and attitudes about family mealtimes, as lower the frequency of family mealtimes, female student, 3rd grade, and as more use of SNS. It is suggested to develop programs and strategies to increase attachment to father, frequency of family mealtime and perception and attitudes about family mealtimes.

기본 연구의 목적은 스마트 의류에 대한 감성 요인을 분석하여 종래 의류와의 감성 차이를 비교하고 제품과 의류 간의 융합으로 인한 소비자 감성의 변화를 고찰하는 한편 스마트 의류와 종래의 의류 간의 선호도 및 구매 의사 차이에 대해 조사함으로써 소비자 감성을 만족시키는 소비자 중심의 스마트 의류 디자인 및 애플리케이션 개발을 위한 상품기획 방안의 기초 자료를 제공하는데 있다. 연구 결과 스마트 의류에 대한 감성 요인은 총 6개 의 요인으로, ‘테크니컬한’, ‘컴포트한’, ‘심미적인’, ‘모던한’, ‘펀’, ‘복합적인’ 감성 요인으로 분석되었는데, 이 중 ‘컴포트한’을 제외한 5개의 감성 요인에서 종래의 스포츠, 캐쥬얼 의류와 스마트 의류 간에 유의미한 감성 차이 를 보였다. 또한 스마트 의류와 종래 의류 간에 선호도는 스마트 의류가 약간 높았던 반면, 구매의사는 종래의 의류보다 스마트 의류가 더 낮은 것으로 나타나 선호도가 소비자의 즉각적인 구매로 연결되는 것은 아니며 좀 더 다양화된 애플리케이션의 스마트 의류 개발과 상품화 전략이 요구되는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 스마트 의류 개발 및 상품화에 관한 자유 응답식 설문 분석 결과 소비자들은 심박, 심전도 등을 측정할 수 있는 헬스케어용 스마트 의류 뿐 아니라 신체 동작으로부터의 에너지 수확 기능, 발열과 발한 기능, 운동량 측정 및 칼로리 소모 등 다이어트에 도움을 주는 스마트 의류 개발에도 관심이 많은 것으로 나타났으므로 이러한 소비자의 요구를 반 영하여 향후 스마트 의류의 개발 지침으로 활용해야 할 것이다.

2009년 아이폰의 국내 출시 이후 스마트폰의 보급이 급격히 증가하여 기존에 다양한 장비로 수행되어 오던 작 업이 스마트폰으로 대체되었다. 이 과정에서 스마트폰의 작은 화면을 통하여 글자를 읽는 과제를 수행하는 비중 이 상당히 증가하였다. 본 연구에서는 일상적인 스마트폰 사용 환경에서 디스플레이 요인(화소 밀집도, 화소 하부구조, 휘도)과 환경 요인(조명 조도)이 글자를 읽을 때의 가독성 관련 불편감에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 확인 하였다. 그 결과 지각된 가독성 관련 불편감에 영향을 미치는 것은 주로 화소 밀집도로, 화소 밀집도가 300 PPI 미만인 경우 글자를 읽는데 불편함을 느낀다는 것을 확인하였다. 조명 조도는 제한적인 영향을 보였다. 참가자들은 조명 조도가 변화 할 때 변화하지 않을 때 보다 더 큰 가독성 관련 불편감을 보고하였다. 화소 하부구조와 밝기는 가독성 관련 불편감에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 이 결과를 바탕으로 가독성을 고려할 때 다양한 크기를 가지는 스마트 기기(스마트 폰, 태블릿 컴퓨터)에서 가독성을 해치지 않는 해상도의 하한선을 제안하였다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of smartphone use on muscle fatigue and tenderness in the cervical erector spinae (CES) and the upper trapezius (UT) and on the cervical range of motion among subjects with and without neck muscle pain. The subjects were 30 smartphone users in their 20 s who -were assigned to either an experimental group with neck muscle pain or a control group without neck muscle pain. Muscle fatigue and tenderness in the CES and the UT as well as the subjects’ cervical range of motion were measured before and after 20-min smartphone sessions in a sitting position. In a between-group comparison of muscle fatigue, the experimental group showed a significantly greater decrease in median frequency in the CES and the right UT after smartphone use (p<.05). Regarding the assessment of muscle tenderness after smartphone use, the experimental group showed a statistically significant decrease in the pressure-pain threshold (PPT) in all muscles (p<.05), whereas the control group showed a significantly decreased PPT in the right CES and the UT (p<.05). The assessment of the cervical range of motion revealed a statistically significant reduction in the cervical flexion-extension and left lateral flexion in the experimental group (p<.05) after smartphone use. However, there was no significant change in the cervical range of motion in the control group (p>.05) after smartphone use. When compared with the control group, the experimental group demonstrated greater changes in cervical extension, lateral flexion, and rotation, except for cervical flexion (p<.05). In conclusion, when smartphone users have pre-existing neck muscle pain, the use of a smartphone further increased muscle fatigue and tenderness in the neck and reduced PPT and the cervical range of motion.

In this study, a smart isolation platform has been developed for control of microvibration of high-technology facilities, such as semi-conductor plants and TFT-LCD plants. Previously, microvibration control performance of a smart base isolation system has been investigated. This study compared microvibration control performance of a smart isolation platform with that of conventional base isolation and fixed base. For this purpose, train-induced ground acceleration is used for time history analysis. An MR damper was used to compose a smart isolation platform. A fuzzy logic controller was used as a control algorithm and it was optimized by a multi-objective genetic algorithm. Numerical analysis shows that a smart isolation platform can effectively control microvibration of a high-technology facility subjected to train-induced excitation compared with other models.

This thesis is focusing on various image photographing techniques equipped in smartphones and their educational uses. Since most smartphones have large quantity of memory and various kinds of applications, taking videos has become possible. For example, they enable us to take pictures of people and scenery using shooting functions and it is possible to move the view horizontally and vertically by handling camera works. The videos taken by these functions are completed by the works of combining, correcting, condensing and building them. Unlike the past, there have been many changes in the course of teaching and learning process between instructors and students by the impact of smartphones. Among them, smartphones have become an essential element in performing cooperative learning. This research is constructed on the real cases of learners, highschool students although more students couldn’t participate in the performance due to their heavy curricular procedure. They planned to make up stories, could recognize the reality of film-making and learn interaction at the last stage of in completing the film, by using smartphones. Smartphones our contemporary men and women are using anytime, anywhere, have become an indispensible item from talking to making educational contents.

본 연구는 기존의 게임에 대한 전반적인 부정적 인식에서 벗어나 긍정적인 측면에서 스마트폰 게임을 살펴볼 필요성이 있다고 판단하여 심리적인 측면에서 스마트폰 게임 이용동기와 게임특성이 게임몰입에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 주요 결과를 제시하면, 스마트폰 게임 이용동기는 현실도피, 기분전환, 즐거움, 몰입, 성취 등으로 나타났고, 이 중 현실도피를 제외한 기분전환, 즐거움, 몰입, 성취가 스마트폰 게임몰입에 유의미한 정적 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 스마트폰 게임 이용자들이 기분전환, 즐거움, 몰입, 성취동기를 추구할수록 게임몰입도 높아지는 것으로 평가할 수 있다. 둘째, 스마트폰 게임특성 중 게임구성, 조작용이성을 제외하고 게임의 생동감은 게임몰입에 유의미한 정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그러므로 스마트폰 이용자들이 게임을 통해 생동감을 높게 지각할수록 게임몰입이 높아지는 것으로 평가된다. 이상과 같은 결과를 통해 몰입 자체가 건전한 심리작용이고, 스트레스를 해소하거나 여가시간을 즐겁게 보내는데 일정 부분 기여함을 전제로 한다면, 스마트폰 게임 이용이 스트레스를 해소하고 여가시간을 보다 즐겁고 재미있게 보내는데 있어 긍정적으로 작용할 수 있을 것이다. 나아가 일정부분 여가문화 차원으로 활용할 수 있음을 시사한다.

In this study, we identified the characteristics of mobile fashion shopping and verified the path model of effects of these characteristics on mobile fashion shopping purchase intention through perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. We conducted the survey targeting smartphone users in their 20s~30s and analyzed the structural equation model using AMOS 16.0. The results were as follows: Mobile fashion shopping characteristics (enjoyment, credibility, instant connectivity, security, and personalization) had positive effects on perceived usefulness and perceived usefulness influenced attitude toward purchase and purchase intention positively. Attitude toward purchase affected purchase intention in a positive way and perceived usefulness had indirect effect on purchase intention through attitude toward purchase. In conclusion, we proposed the marketing strategies of the mobile fashion shopping businesses.

For the recent 5-6 years, the ratio of smart phone users in South Korea has increased to over 65% of cellular subscribers and half of all population. While smartphones have given enormous convenience to our lives, pathological use of smartphones has brought a new mental health concern among the community. Therefore, huge interest sheds on the studies on the cause analysis and treatment of smartphone addiction. However, the traditional clinic approach based survey and interview has serious drawbacks of its subjectivity and inability of continual monitoring and treatment. In this paper, SAMS (smartphone addiction management system) is presented, which monitors the application usage pattern, provides statistical analysis, and policy-based usage intervention. A trail test is performed for checking he reliability and efficacy of SAMS in smartphone addiction research, and some analysis on the collected data are done: daily use count, not daily use time, has strong influence on smartphone addiction: CC=0.62 and CC =0.00 for the correlation coefficients of counts and times with total survey score, and p = 0.047 and p = 0.507 for t-test analysis of contrast group.

The purpose of this study were to determine the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of shoulder passive range of motion measurement using the “Clinometer + bubble level”, a smartphone application and to compare with the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of measurement using a goniometer. Twenty six patients with stroke were recruited for this study. Two raters measured the passive range of motion of four types of shoulder movements (forward flexion; FF, abduction; ABD, external rotation at 90° abduction; ER90 and internal rotation at 90° abduction; IR90) using a goniometer and a smartphone to determine within-day inter-rater reliability. A retest session was performed thirty minutes later to determine within-day intra-rater reliability. The reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and the standard error of measurement (SEM). The ICC (2,1) for the inter-rater reliabilities of the goniometer and smartphone were good in FF and ABD [ICC (2,1)=.75∼.87] and excellent in ER90 [ICC (2,1)=.90∼.95]. The intra-rater reliabilities for the goniometer and smartphone were good or more than good, with an ICC (3,1) value >.75, the exception was IR90 measured by rater 2 on the smartphone. These results suggest that smartphone could be used as an alternative method tool for measurement of passive shoulder range of motion in patients with stroke.

The number of domestic smartphone users exceeded 30 million people, and the time in the future everyone will use a smartphone that will come with ago. Past purchase decisions, related research and product from the competition between the past case and the relevant literature for the smartphone market smartphone type to derive a purchase decision factors in the decision to purchase any difference between the factors. Literature and practices through performance, switching costs, product loyalty, design, brand, after-sales service, the price more than 7 variables were analyzed. One hundred people surveyed, respectively, did not obtain the response of a variety of ages and occupations , age of the sample used in the analysis of this study, and is concentrated as a student at the university of smartphones used to facilitate users analysis was done. We expect smartphone companies and related companies to be able to give guidelines for effective technology management.

Recently, some conservative members of the National Assembly pushed a new proposal for regulating online games, because negative aspects of the game are being emphasized. It is needed to try to make good games that exert a good influence on game users. This paper proposes the new game design of a Bible Smart Phone Game for Sunday school. To support this idea, the play system of popular running games is used for fun, and players are quizzed about sunday school lesson for education. Also, we made a game prototype of this Bible Game in android platform.

In this paper we offered a new UI design for Chinese input method on smart devices during Gameplay. Currently the well-known conventional stroke-based Chinese input method using only five basic stroke types could achieve low leaning curve and small keypad implementation, we made the UI design base on this stroke-based input method compensating the problem that input speed is limited and finally relatively higher the input speed. For experiment we designed and implemented the new UI for input method by Unity3D. Input by pressing or typing keys is replaced by more using sliding. To improve the input speed of the stroke-based method slide direction arrows are used and selected character will be intuitively shown to user in real time as designed. And the Four Tones(四声) in Chinese pronunciation is also been used to improve the input speed for this input method. In addition, to evaluation the new input method UI, we have conducted experiments on smart device comparing with four basic Chinese input methods. Through the numeric values recorded in the evaluation by inputting random 20 Chinese characters and two-letter Chinese words, comparing the input speed, click times, the typo rate shows the advantages of the new UI and proved that the new UI is better than others for using in smart device game.

Smart phones have brought rapid changes in this competitive world. Smart phone application developers are trying their best to consider the customer requirements in the most efficient way while considering all its attributes. However smart phone service quality has been given less consideration comparatively during the last few years. This paper proposes a measurement method for improving service quality of smart phone application. This method combines the service quality performance model (SQPM) and process capability index (PCI). The service quality performance model is used to identify service items that require improvement. Process capability index is used as a measure for prioritization of those improvements. Case study was carried out to search out important communication application service attributes. customer satisfaction level data was collected for users who used the application service. A total of twenty four service attributes were found during this survey. Using the joint approach of SQPM and PCI, five significant service attributes were prioritized for service quality improvement.

본 연구의 목적은 중학교 과학수업을 위한 스마트러닝 기반의 수업 모듈을 개발 적용하고 학생들의 인식과 만족도를 밝히고자 하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 중학교 2학년 천문단원의 태양계 행성과 달의 위상을 주제로 3가지 유형의 모듈을 개발하였고, 중학생 207명을 대상으로 수업을 실시하였다. 수업에 참여한 모든 학생들에게 태블릿PC를 제공하였고, 천문교육용 앱 Solar Walk, 미러링 기능, QR코드, 구글 프리젠테이션 등을 활용하여 학교와 가정에서 학습이 이루어졌다. 본 연구에서 개발한 인식조사 도구는 스마트러닝 수업에 있어서 자기주도적 학습(Self-directed), 학습동기유발(Motivation), 학습자 맞춤형(Adaptiveness), 정보기술활용(Technology Embedded)의 4가지 요인으로 이루어져 있으며, 리커트 5척도의 총 20문항으로 구성되어 있다. 학습만족도 검사도구는 Keller (1987)의 만족도 영역의 검사 항목을 번안 및 수정하여 사용하였다. 스마트러닝 기반의 과학수업에 대한 인식과 학습 만족도를 밝히기 위하여 연구대상 학생들의 성별과 과학성취도 수준별로 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과, 스마트러닝 기반의 수업에 대하여 남학생이 여학생보다 긍정적으로 인식하는 것으로 나타났으며, 과학성취도가 높은 집단이 자기주도학습 요인과 학습동기유발 요인에서 성취도가 낮은 집단보다 긍정적으로 인식하였다. 또한, 학습 만족도 측면에서는 남학생이 여학생보다 만족도가 높게 나타났고, 학업능력이 높은 학생들일수록 스마트러닝 기반의 과학수업에 대하여 만족하고 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 과학 분야 스마트러닝 활성화를 위한 방향 설정과 실질적인 프로그램 개발에 시사점을 제공할 것이다.

This study explores how smartphone applications can be used for Russian education. The progresses made in the ICT field, such as smartphones and the wireless Internet, have changed the environment of language education. The rapid development and implementation of smart technology in every aspect of society have led to the generation of the new learning environment called ‘smart learning’, applying those technologies in education. The definition of smart learning, however, is still evolving, while some attempts have been made slightly more in technology-oriented rather than pedagogy-oriented direction. But the importance of smart learning is that it can make it possible for learners to do self-directed learning utilizing ICT. Recently, in particular, smartphones have captured tremendous attention of foreign language teachers and learners as an ideal tool for satisfying new needs of the mobile learning era. Especially, the launch of iphone service has brought in a massive amount of educational applications to the market. Research has shown that many applications for Russian language education have been made in various categories. Despite some problems, using applications in learning the Russian language has bright prospects.