이 논문은 南冥 曺植의 再傳門人인 凌虛 朴敏(1566-1630)의 학문과 사상을 究明한 것이다. 현재 학계에는 남명과 남명학에 대해 많은 연구가 이루어지고 있지만 여전히 남명 직전문도인 정구와 김우옹에서 맴돌고 있는 것이 사실이다. 남명학 연구가 능허를 비롯한 재전문인으로 확대되지 못하면서 남명학은 마치 한 시대의 사상인양 誤認되고 축소된 경향이 있다. 때문에 필자는 남명에게 직접 執贄한 문인은 아니지만 누구보다도 충실히 남명과 남명학의 정신과 사상을 잘 잇고 있는 능허를 통해 남명 死後, 정인홍의 정치적 실각으로 瓦解의 위기에 처했던 남명학의 실체적 존재를 확인하고자 한다. 아울러 16세기의 남명학을 17세기로 이어주는 가교자로서 능허의 학문과 사상이 무엇인가를 규명하고자 하였다. 본고에서 살피려고 하는 능허 학문과 사상의 구체적인 내용은 세 가지다. ① 그의 학문과 사상은 무엇인가? ② 그의 학문과 사상은 남명 혹은 남명학파의 학문 사상과 어떻게 맥을 잇고 있는가? ③ 그의 학문과 사상이 오늘날 우리에게 시사하는 바는 무엇인가? 본 연구의 세 가지 목표는 그가 남긴 시를 통해 고찰 될 것이다. 그 방법은 그의 시가 사물을 어떻게 형상화 했느냐의 형식미학보다는 무엇을 표출하고 형상화했느냐는 점에 초점을 두었다 연구 결과 능허의 학문성향과 사상은 철저한 유가적 바탕 하에 이루어졌다. 小學을 기본으로 하는 下學으로 시작하여 明明德과 親民, 止於至善에 이르는 大學의 上達로 이어졌다. 그는 남명이 추구했던 存養省察의 의미로서 '明'과 '敬'을 지니기 위해 四書三經에 근본한 爲己의 학문을 하였고, 부조리한 현실과 부도덕한 행동에 대해 단호히 끊어버리는 '斷'으로서의 '義'를 실천했다. 이러한 능허의 학문과 사상은 남명 혹은 남명학파의 학문태도와 사상을 그대로 이은 것이다. 다만 남명이 유가적 세계관 속에 도가적 사상을 자유로이 수용했던 것과는 달리 능허는 철저하게 유가만을 고집했다. 이는 스승 정구의 영향도 있었으리라 본다. 남명의 직전 문도들 중에서도 망우당 곽재우 같은 이는 말년에 도가적 세계에 더욱 경도된 경향을 보이지만, 한강은 도가적 세계를 부정하고 오직 유가적 현실만을 인정했던 사람이다. 이런 한강의 사상이 능허에게도 영향을 주었으리라 본다. 냉혹하리 만큼 철저하게 자신을 닦고 성찰하며 그것을 고스란히 실천한 능허의 학문과 사상은 학문이 하나의 독립된 지식과 직업으로 실천에서 떨어져 나간 오늘날 현실에 학문과 학자의 역할과 사명이 무엇인지를 명확히 보여준다.

This study was performed to research ozone concentration related to airmass thunderstorm using 12 years meteorological data(1990～2001) at Busan. The occurrence frequency of thunderstorm during 12 years was 156 days(annual mean 13days). The airmass thunderstorm frequency was 14 days, most of those occurrence at summertime(59%). In case August 4, 1996, increase of ozone concentration was simultaneous with the decrease of temperature and increase of relative humidity. In case July 23, 1997, ozone concentration of western site at Busan increased, while its of eastern site decreased as airmass thunderstorm occurred(about 1500LST). It is supposed that these ozone increases are the effect of ozone rich air that is brought down by cumulus downdrafts from height levels where the ozone mixing ratio is larger. Thunderstorms can cause downward transport of ozone from the reservoir layer in the upper troposphere into planetary boundary layer(PBL). This complex interaction of source and sink processes can result in large variability for vertical and horizontal ozone distributions. Thus a variety of meteorological processes can act to enhance vertical mixing between the earth's surface and the atmospheric in the manner described for thunderstorm.

식물성 단백질의 주요 급원이며 isoflavone계의 우수한 생리 활성 물질을 함유하고 있는 대두를 첨가해서 소비자의 기호성 및 기능성을 갖춘 대두 혼합 식빵의 개발을 시도하였다. 대두는 증자하여 열풍 건조하고 분쇄한 후 분말로 만들어서 소맥분에 0, 5, 10, 20, 30% 되게 각각 첨가하여 반죽을 제조하여 제빵 특성을 조사하였다. 제빵 실험 결과에서 대두분을 10% 까지 첨가해도 좋을 것으로 판단되었다. 파리노그래프의 결과에서 보면 대두분

This paper was written in search for the true classical scholar whom Nammyong think is preferable. In accordance with the method of the Text-linguistics, described cohesion, the author analyzed the situationality, intertextuality, and informativity which were shown in Nammyong's poems, and the results were classified into ① situation analysis, ② coherence, ③ the diagram of the synthetical structure, and ④ translation of the poems. The contents were arranged into two parts : ① the desertion of human desires and ② the harmony with the nature and the pleasure of hermit life. The poems and the analysed contents were like these: The themes of 'the desertion of human desires' and 'the harmony with the nature and the pleasure of hermit life' are different, but they are of the same category. This is because the heavenly morals is conserved when the human desires are abandoned, and the harmony with the nature and the pleasure of human morality can be obtained when the heavenly morals are conserved. Nammyong worried for the classical scholars not to cut off the human desires and to flatter themselves in search for the bureaucratic office. He said, if he became dirty because of the human desires, "He would instantly cut open the stomach, take out the dirty things, and flow down them into the river." And also he tried to put these beliefs into practice. He always carried with himself the letters of ‘Piety(敬) and Righteousness(義)', and tried to be pious internally and to be righteous externally. And so Nammyong could succeed in obtaining the harmony with the nature, and could enjoy the pleasure of hermit life.

Many times our reading of a particular poem by T. S. Eliot may be deepened by understanding the metaphoric images of cited mythological or literary works, by exploring its relation to the poem we are ready to read. Usually the meaning of mythological or literary works quoted in his poem is invaluable or crucial to understand the whole image of the poem, because it suggests the key to comprehend the particular poem as a whole. T. S. Eliot stated in his essay “Tradition and the Individual Talent” that no poet, or no artist of any art has his complete meaning alone. His significance is the appreciation of his relation to the dead poets and artists. In the structure of Eliot's poems we should be aware of the combination of the heterogeneous elements; the past and present, which makes sometimes readers puzzed at first sight but soon wide awaked. It is required that when poetry calls for knowledge, even a common reader must be prepared to answer the demand which Eliot has made use of combining techniques mixing radical elements of the past and present in his poetry. Such a combinative manner has been long acclaimed for a new and startling technique since his poem “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock” was published. This paper is designed to explain some of his poetical techniques, particularly showing some examples of complicated, ambiguous, contradictory expressions and making frequent use of ancient myths, classic literature and folklores. The difficulty which faces the reader immediately lies in his frequent use of distorted quotations and allusions, his reference to many languages and literatures. It is partly due to his careful investigation on mysticism such as Christian Mysticism(1899), The Varieties of Religious Experience(1902) and Mysticism (1911). It is not surprising that Eliot has been blamed for obscurity and pretentiousness. This is the result of being judged by readers who have not attempted to analyse his technique to unite the elements of past and present. Eliot said that difficulty reading modern poems would not be something peculiar to certain writers, but a condition of writing with deeper insights into classical literature.

This experiment was conducted to investigate the changes of sugar contents and chip color during 104days storage after harvesting of five potato varieties. The potato varieties were planted on 1st april in 1999 and harvested on 10. July in 1999. NO₂⁻ contents in potato petiole tended to decrease rapidly at tuber maturing stage. K⁺ contents in potato petiole tended to in crease at 70 days ofter planting on medium maturing varieties, and at 90 days after planting on late maturing variety. Snowden variety was no desirable cultivar for processing on spring cultivation due to long growth period. Contents of solid and sugar in potatoes affected on potato chip color. Higher contents of solid in potato varieties showed low sugar contents and no change on chip color during storage.

In T. S. Eliot's early poetic works, from his juvenilia to The Waste Land, the style changes are remarkable. The coherent, homogeneous, hypotactic, linear, logical style turns into the fragmented, heterogeneous, illogical, incoherent, paratactic style. Many literary critics have reviewed the diverse literary influences as well as philosophical, artistic, political, and social influences on his poems, but they have not taken into consideration one important factor: his writing tool. A writing tool is not merely a tool to record one's thought, but it can function as “a precondition of production that contributes to our thinking prior to any conscious reaction” (Friedrich Kittler, Gramophone, Film, Typewriter 214). In his early career, Eliot replaced the traditional writing tools of pen and ink with a modern mechanical writing tool, typewriter. These two writing tools are closely related with two distinct ratios of human senses and two different kinds of cultures. Handwriting requires the hand's collaboration with the eye that guides the hand through each movement and constantly attending to the creation of each letter. When the visual technology of handwriting is emphasized, it transforms fragmented and heterogeneous reality into “homogeneity, uniformity, and continuity” (Marshall McLuhan Understanding Media 87). However, typewriting that depends on blind and tactile technologies does not require the use of the eye in the act of composition. When the eye does not have to participate in the typewriting act, there is a radical change of the ratio of human senses in the moment of composition. On making tremendous impacts on modern human consciousness, and on the ways in which modern human beings perceive reality, think, and produce discourse, typewriting produces fragmented and disruptive writings, in which illogical thinking, heterogeneity, multi-formity, and discontinuity are prominent. Thus, I suggest that a new poetics of fragmentation and disruption in modernist works would be profitably reconsidered with respect to the typewriting technologies that dissociate the eye from the writing acts.

This study was performed to research the characteristics of suspended particulate for Yellow Sand of January, 1999 in Busan. Yellow Sand frequency during 13 years(1988~2000) in Busan showed maximum in April(57%), next to March(21%), May(16%). According to result of 850hPa weather map and backward isentropic trajectory, this event originated from the Gobi Desert and the Loess Plateau of China. And three mode was found in time series of TSP and PM10 concentration, primary peak showed the maximum hourly concentration at all station. Gamjeondong as industrial site showed the highest TSP concentration and also had the longest high concentration(≥700㎍/m3). In PM10, concentration of primary peak showed maximum value at Yeonsandong, maximum concentration of secondary and third peak was Deokcheondong. Lasted time from primary peak to secondary peak was about 30 hours, between secondary peak and third peak was 18 hours in Busan, The traveling time between occurrence of Yellow Sand the finding of it was 8~9 hours in Busan and 4~5 hours in central area.

The hydrological frequency of the flood in July 2000 at Seosi stream basin in Gurye and the bed scour of the stream channel were estimated to investigate the bed scour related with Jeongjang bridge collapse. The storm over the basin in July 2000, 303mm/day was 103year frequency rainfall and the equivalent flood was 2580cms. As the results of 100year and 30year flood application, flood level 30.78～31.38m and mean velocity 3.79～4.03m/s were appeared. And the purification project of Seosi stream increased the velocity of the section near to Jeongjang bridge by the improvement of conveyance at the downstream. The local scour at pier was the major factor of bed scour at Jeongjang bridge site and the total scour at pier No.6 was increased from 2.32m to 2.45m by the purification project.

양파 간이저장시 무분별한 야적에 의해 발생하는 부패를 감소시켜 양파의 상품성 향상 및 안전저장을 목적으로 적재 방법에 따른 저장성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 평균기온은 4열 8단에 비해 1열 6단은 1.6~3.2, 1열 8단은 0.5~3.5, 2열 6단은 1.3~.6, 2열 8단은 0.1~2.4, 4열 6단은 0.1~1.8가 낮았고 상대습도는 열수가 많을수록 높았다. 부패율은 4열 8단 16.6%에 비해 1열 6단 11.4%, 2열 6단 11